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Voice- SLP 325 > Voice test > Flashcards

Voice test Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

What is voice our primary means of?

A

Expression

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2
Q

When does the onset of voice begin?

A

As soon as we are born

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3
Q

What happens to voice throughout life?

A

Changes and reflects attitude

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4
Q

Voice give instantaneous cues to…

A

Vitality and Personality

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5
Q

Define voice: Broad

A

Information transmitted over telecommunication links

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6
Q

Define voice: narrow

A

All sounds of speech that we make are either voiced or unvoiced

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7
Q

Define vocalization

A

Sounds made by vocal fold vibrations; commonly used with nonspeech or prespeech sounds

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8
Q

Who uses vocalizations most commonly?

A

Infants and animals

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9
Q

Define phonation

A

The physical and physiological processes of vocal fold vibration

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10
Q

Define dysphonic

A

Vocal folds do not vibrate normally

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11
Q

Define aphonic

A

Vocal folds do not vibrate at all

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12
Q

What are the three roles of the voice?

A

Survival, Emotion and Personality

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13
Q

Name the five characteristics of voice

A 
1- Loud: heard over environmental noise
2- Hygienic: a manner good for the VF
3- Pleasant: quality
4- Flexible: express emotion
5- Represent: in terms of age and gender
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14
Q

What are the three systems of Speech Production?

A

1- Respiratory System
2- Phonatory System
3- Articulatory System

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15
Q

Lung Volumes vs. Capacities

A

Volumes are single values

Capacities include two or more volumes

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16
Q

Name the four Lung Volumes.

A

1- Tidal Volume
2- Inspiratory Reserve Volume
3- Expiratory Reserve Volume
4- Residual Volume

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17
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

Volume of air we breathe in and out during a normal cycle of respiration.

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18
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

A

Amount of air that can be inhaled above TV

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19
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume?

A

Amount of air that can be exhaled below TV

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20
Q

What is residual volume?

A

How much is left over after maximum exhale

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21
Q

Name the three lung capacities.

A

1- Vital Capacities
2- Functional Residual Capacities
3- Total Lung Capacities

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22
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

Combination of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume

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23
Q

What is functional residual capacity?

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A

Amount of air remaining in lungs and airways at the resting expiratory level; combines expiratory reserve volume and residual volume

24
Q

What is total lung capacities?

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A

The total amount of air that the lungs are capable of holding; combines tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume

25
What is the phonatory mechanism?
The vocal folds
26
What are extrinsic muscles? What do they do?
Have one attachment outside the larynx; They keep the larynx in place and raise/lower the larynx
27
What are intrinsic muscles? What do they do?
Both attachments are within the framework of the larynx; They move the vocal folds and other muscles within the larynx
28
What are the adductor muscles?
- Lateral cricoarytenoid | - Interarytenoid (transverse and oblique)
29
What are the abductor muscles?
Posterior Cricoarytenoid
30
What muscles lengthen and tense the vocal folds?
Cricothyroid
31
What are the thyroarytenoids?
The actual VF muscles; thyrovocalis (tenses) and the thyromuscularis (relaxes and adducts the VF)
32
What is another word for the false vocal folds?
Ventricular folds
33
What is the glottis?
The space in between the vocal folds
34
What are the three important functions of the larynx?
1- control the airflow during breathing 2- protection of the airway 3- production of sound for speech
35
What is the mucosal wave?
The name for the wavelike motion created when the vocal folds vibrate.
36
What are the four vocal parameters?
1- Pitch: perception of frequency 2- Loudness: determined by subglottal air pressure/ perception of intensity 3- Quality: breathy, harsh, hoarse 4- Resonance: modification of the sound
37
Three vocal qualities? Describe them.
1- Breathy: VF don't close completely 2- Harsh: Irregular vibrations of VF 3- Hoarse: Combo of breathy and harsh
38
Name the three resonating bodies.
1- Nasal cavity 2- Oral cavity 3- Pharyngeal cavity
39
Name the structures of the vocal folds.
``` Epithelium Lamina Propria -superficial lamina propria -intermediate lamina propria -deep lamina propria Vocalis Muscle ```
40
What are the three types of voice disorders?
functional organic neurological
41
What are the eleven organic disorders?
- Hyperkeratosis: pinkish rough lesion - Granulomas (contact ulcers): an irritant - Papilloma: benign tumor - Vocal fold cysts: soft, pliable lesion - Endocrine: hormonal change- hypothyroidism (increase mass) - Reflux: gastroesophageal and laryngopharyngeal - Sulcus vocalis: indented medial edge of VF - Laryngeal web: web grows across glottis (airway) - Laryngeal trauma: blunt/penetrating (wound), inhalation/thermal (substance, inhalation) - Carcinoma: cancer - Other tumors: benign or malignant
42
What are the eight neurological disorders?
- Parkinsonism - Spasmodic Dysphonia - Essential tremor - Huntington's disease - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - Multiple Sclerosis - Traumatic brain Injury - Paralysis
43
What are the two types of spasmodic dysphonia?
Adductor- Strain/ Harsh | Abductor- breathy
44
What are the two branches of the vagus nerve?
Superior Laryngeal Nerves (SLN) | Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves (RLN)
45
What does the SLN do?
Controls the cricothyroid muscle
46
What does the RLN innervate?
All intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid
47
Types of paralysis. (5)
``` Unilateral Bilateral Bilateral abductor Bilateral adductor Unilateral adductor ```
48
What are the two types of functional voice disorders?
Psychogenic | Excessive muscle tension
49
What are psychogenic voice disorders?
Caused by psychological trauma or conflicts: nothing physically wrong
50
Name the four psychogenic disorders.
- Falsetto: child like voice after puberty - Functional aphonia: MAY BE convo reaction - Functional dysphonia: some voice - Somatization dysphonia: true convo disorder
51
What is hyperfunction?
Excessive Muscle Tension
52
Types of Excessive Muscle Tension disorders. (4)
- Muscle tension dysphonia: primary/secondary - Vocal Nodules - Polyps: - Traumatic Laryngitis: inner glottal
53
What is the difference between primary and secondary muscle tension dysphonia?
``` primary= absence of organic pathology secondary= presence of physical, organic cause ```
54
What are a result of vocal abuse and are essentially a callous?
Vocal Nodules
55
What are polyps? What causes them?
Softer than nodules, fluid filled or vascular tissue filled Caused by a single event of screaming Breathy or hoarse
56
What are the two types of polyps?
Broad based and Narrow necked
57
Explain Traumatic Laryngitis
The inner glottal edges of the membrane become swollen and thickened Hoarse voice

Voice- SLP 325 (1 decks)

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