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Organic Voice Disorders > Voice > Flashcards

Voice Flashcards

1
Q

Describe an organic disorder

A

Changes in tissue and typically abnormal anatomy

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2
Q

Describe a functional disorder

A

Typically normal anatomy and may be wholly functional. May have some organic factors.

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3
Q

Describe functional misuse

A

Inadequate breath support, hard glottal attack, supraglottal squeeze.

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4
Q

True or False?

Functional d/o can cause organic voice d/o

A

True

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5
Q

True or False?

Organic voice d/o can cause Functional voice d/o

A

True

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6
Q

What are the 4 Organic Classifications

A

Congenital, Misuse/abuse, Disease, Trauma

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7
Q

Name all 14 organic disorders

A

nodules, polyps, cysts, papilloma, granuloma, contact ulcer, sulcus vocalis, congenital, web, hemorrhage, laryngitis, reinke’s edema, leukoplakia, cancer

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8
Q

What is the most popular type of organic disorder?

A

VF Nodules

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9
Q

What are VF nodules?

A

Benign masses on medial VF surfaces.

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10
Q

What is the etiology of VF nodules?

A

misuse/abuse

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11
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of VF nodules?

A

Hoarseness, rough voice, inc. vocal effort, vocal fatigue/strain, loss of upper range, voice variability, vf edema, hourglass closure, dec. vf vibration, “strong” personality, hearing loss.

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12
Q

What are polyps?

A

Generally soft masses. Usually unilateral.

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13
Q

What is the etiology of polyps?

A

misuse/abuse

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of polyps?

A

fibrous, hemmorhagic, pedunculated

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15
Q

What are signs/symptoms of polyps?

A

hoarseness, rough voice, inc.vocal effort, vocal fatigue/strain, breathing problems depending on size, voice varaiability (if pedunculated), vf edema, throat clearing

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16
Q

What do fibrous polyps look like?

A

either cecil or color of mucosa

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17
Q

What do hemmorhagic polyps look like?

A

red polyps

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18
Q

What do pedunculated polyps look like?

A

“foot like” stem attaching to VF, but the polyp is moving around

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19
Q

How can polyps cause breathing problems?

A

If they’re big enough, they’ll block airway.

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20
Q

What are cysts?

A

Benign opaque masses originating below vf surface

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21
Q

What are etiologies of cysts?

A

entrapment of vf lining(under the lining) or plugged mucous- secreting gland, vocal misuse/abuse

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22
Q

What is the most common etiology of cysts?

A

misuse/abuse

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23
Q

What are signs/symptoms of cysts?

A

Hoarseness, rough voice, inc. vocal effort, vocal fatigue/strain, vf edema, throat clearing

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24
Q

What is a laryngocele?

A

Cyst in laryngeal cavity

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25
Q

What kind of treatment can we do for cysts?

A

Voice therapy BEFORE surgery!

Surgery- open flap, remove cyst, put flap back

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26
Q

Where on the VF’s are cysts located?

A

Normally under epithelium, but sometimes under lamina propria

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27
Q

What is papilloma?

A

HPV wart like benign growths of the larynx

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28
Q

What are etiologies papilloma?

A

acquired at birth, oral sex, unknown

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29
Q

What are signs/symptoms of papilloma?

A

hoarseness, rough/scratchy voice, cough/throat clear, globus sensation, breathing problems, dec. vf vibration, scarring (recurrent)

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30
Q

How many strains of HPV that cause laryngeal papillomatosis exist?

A

60

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31
Q

True or False?

Papilloma only grows on the true VF’s.

A

False. Papilloma can be anywhere ( false vf/true vf, etc.)

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32
Q

Is there a cure for papilloma?

A

No. They have to be lasered off continuously. Scar tissue will build up after each surgery.

33
Q

Can papilloma spread?

A

Yes it can spread into trachea also.

34
Q

What is granuloma?

A

Benign growths always on the vocal processes

35
Q

What are etiologies of granuloma?

A

chronic LPR, Intubation

36
Q

What are signs/symptoms of granuloma?

A

globus sensation, heartburn/indigestion, excessive throat clearing, dry cough, post nasal drip, breathing problems, may be pedunculated

37
Q

What is a contact ulcer?

A

Raw sores on mucous membrane overlying vocal process if arytenoid

38
Q

What are etiologies of contact ulcers?

A

misuse/abuse, LPR, smoking, intubation

39
Q

What are signs/symptoms of contact ulcers

A

Hoarseness, globus sensation, mild pain when voicing or swallowing, throat clearing, erythema

40
Q

What is sulcus vocalis?

A

Thinning or absence of superficial lamina propria “ditch” look on VF

41
Q

What are etiologies of sulcus vocalis?

A

Unknown

42
Q

What are signs/symptoms of sulcus vocalis?

A

may nit have voice problems, harsh voice, hoarseness, higher pitch, abnormal vf vibration

43
Q

Can children experience sulcus vocalis?

A

No.

44
Q

What is laryngomalacia?

A

cartilages fail to stiffen. The epiglottis collapses into airway. May outgrow.

45
Q

What is subglottal stenosis?

A

narrow subglottal space

46
Q

What is esophageal atresia?

A

occlusion of esophagus

47
Q

What is tracheoesophageal fistula?

A

openings between trachea esophagus. May occur with esophageal pouch. Can range from occluded esophagus to not having an esophagus.

48
Q

What is a web?

A

A web of tissue across larynx, usually anterior- across anterior commissural area.

49
Q

What are etiologies of a web?

A

congenital, post surgical

50
Q

What are signs/symptoms of a web?

A

may not have voice problems, usually no problems breathing unless it’s huge

51
Q

True or False?

A posterior web is rare.

A

true

52
Q

What do webs look like?

A

Not see through and very thick

53
Q

What is a hemorrhage?

A

Bleeding into superficial lamina propria

54
Q

What are etiologies of a hemorrhage?

A

misuse/abuse, medications such as Coumadin, aspirin, ibuprofen

55
Q

What are signs/symptoms of a hemorrhage?

A

hoarseness, vf erythema, vf edema, dec. vf vibration, loss if pitch range, varix

56
Q

What is a varix?

A

blood spot/blood vessel on vf

57
Q

What do we call a blood vessel that has come to surface?

A

Vascularity

58
Q

What is VF erythema?

A

redness

59
Q

What is laryngitis?

A

Inflammation of vocal folds

60
Q

What are etiologies of laryngitis?

A

infection, LPR, allergies

61
Q

What are signs/symptoms of laryngitis?

A

hoarseness, sore throat, cough, fever, vf edema, erythema

62
Q

What kind of Tx is used for laryngitis?

A

voice rest

63
Q

What is Reinke’s edema?

A

AKA polypoid corditis

Swelling of entire superficial lamina propria

64
Q

What are etiologies of Reinke’s edema?

A

smoking

65
Q

What are signs/symptoms of Reinke’s edema?

A

gravelly voice, low pitch, vf edema, impaired breathing

66
Q

Why do pts. with Reinke’s edema experience low pitch?

A

The VF’s get heavy with fluid increasing mass and causing them to move slower

67
Q

Why do you need to go to the ER immediately if you have Reinke’s edema and problems breathing?

A

Because your VF’s are swelling closed and immediate surgery is needed.

68
Q

What is Leukoplakia?

A

White oatches or growths on epithelim.. **pre cancerous

69
Q

What are etiologies of leukoplakia?

A

smoking, chemical exposure

70
Q

What is the most common etiology of leukoplakia?

A

smoking

71
Q

What are signs/symptoms of leukoplakia?

A

hoarseness, dec. vf vibration, vf edema

72
Q

What are the 3 types of Cancer?

A

Glottic**, supraglottic and subglottic(rare)

73
Q

What are etiologies of cancer?

A

smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, asbestos or chemical exposure

74
Q

What is the most common etiology of cancer?

A

smoking

75
Q

What are signs and symptoms of cancer?

A

hoarseness, rough voice, PAIN, strain, difficulty/pain swallowing

76
Q

Cancer is worse if it invades what part of the larynx?

A

arytenoids

77
Q

What does mentastasize mean?

A

to spread

78
Q

What are etiologies of Laryngeal trauma?

A

hit in the neck, weight lifting (grunting causes hemorrhaging), foreign bodies

Organic Voice Disorders (1 decks)

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