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Voice Flashcards

1
Q

Describe an organic disorder

A

Changes in tissue and typically abnormal anatomy

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2
Q

Describe a functional disorder

A

Typically normal anatomy and may be wholly functional. May have some organic factors.

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3
Q

Describe functional misuse

A

Inadequate breath support, hard glottal attack, supraglottal squeeze.

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4
Q

True or False?

Functional d/o can cause organic voice d/o

A

True

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5
Q

True or False?

Organic voice d/o can cause Functional voice d/o

A

True

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6
Q

What are the 4 Organic Classifications

A

Congenital, Misuse/abuse, Disease, Trauma

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7
Q

Name all 14 organic disorders

A

nodules, polyps, cysts, papilloma, granuloma, contact ulcer, sulcus vocalis, congenital, web, hemorrhage, laryngitis, reinke’s edema, leukoplakia, cancer

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8
Q

What is the most popular type of organic disorder?

A

VF Nodules

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9
Q

What are VF nodules?

A

Benign masses on medial VF surfaces.

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10
Q

What is the etiology of VF nodules?

A

misuse/abuse

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11
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of VF nodules?

A

Hoarseness, rough voice, inc. vocal effort, vocal fatigue/strain, loss of upper range, voice variability, vf edema, hourglass closure, dec. vf vibration, “strong” personality, hearing loss.

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12
Q

What are polyps?

A

Generally soft masses. Usually unilateral.

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13
Q

What is the etiology of polyps?

A

misuse/abuse

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of polyps?

A

fibrous, hemmorhagic, pedunculated

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15
Q

What are signs/symptoms of polyps?

A

hoarseness, rough voice, inc.vocal effort, vocal fatigue/strain, breathing problems depending on size, voice varaiability (if pedunculated), vf edema, throat clearing

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16
Q

What do fibrous polyps look like?

A

either cecil or color of mucosa

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17
Q

What do hemmorhagic polyps look like?

A

red polyps

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18
Q

What do pedunculated polyps look like?

A

“foot like” stem attaching to VF, but the polyp is moving around

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19
Q

How can polyps cause breathing problems?

A

If they’re big enough, they’ll block airway.

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20
Q

What are cysts?

A

Benign opaque masses originating below vf surface

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21
Q

What are etiologies of cysts?

A

entrapment of vf lining(under the lining) or plugged mucous- secreting gland, vocal misuse/abuse

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22
Q

What is the most common etiology of cysts?

A

misuse/abuse

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23
Q

What are signs/symptoms of cysts?

A

Hoarseness, rough voice, inc. vocal effort, vocal fatigue/strain, vf edema, throat clearing

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24
Q

What is a laryngocele?

A

Cyst in laryngeal cavity

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25
What kind of treatment can we do for cysts?
Voice therapy BEFORE surgery! | Surgery- open flap, remove cyst, put flap back
26
Where on the VF's are cysts located?
Normally under epithelium, but sometimes under lamina propria
27
What is papilloma?
HPV wart like benign growths of the larynx
28
What are etiologies papilloma?
acquired at birth, oral sex, unknown
29
What are signs/symptoms of papilloma?
hoarseness, rough/scratchy voice, cough/throat clear, globus sensation, breathing problems, dec. vf vibration, scarring (recurrent)
30
How many strains of HPV that cause laryngeal papillomatosis exist?
60
31
True or False? | Papilloma only grows on the true VF's.
False. Papilloma can be anywhere ( false vf/true vf, etc.)
32
Is there a cure for papilloma?
No. They have to be lasered off continuously. Scar tissue will build up after each surgery.
33
Can papilloma spread?
Yes it can spread into trachea also.
34
What is granuloma?
Benign growths always on the vocal processes
35
What are etiologies of granuloma?
chronic LPR, Intubation
36
What are signs/symptoms of granuloma?
globus sensation, heartburn/indigestion, excessive throat clearing, dry cough, post nasal drip, breathing problems, may be pedunculated
37
What is a contact ulcer?
Raw sores on mucous membrane overlying vocal process if arytenoid
38
What are etiologies of contact ulcers?
misuse/abuse, LPR, smoking, intubation
39
What are signs/symptoms of contact ulcers
Hoarseness, globus sensation, mild pain when voicing or swallowing, throat clearing, erythema
40
What is sulcus vocalis?
Thinning or absence of superficial lamina propria "ditch" look on VF
41
What are etiologies of sulcus vocalis?
Unknown
42
What are signs/symptoms of sulcus vocalis?
may nit have voice problems, harsh voice, hoarseness, higher pitch, abnormal vf vibration
43
Can children experience sulcus vocalis?
No.
44
What is laryngomalacia?
cartilages fail to stiffen. The epiglottis collapses into airway. May outgrow.
45
What is subglottal stenosis?
narrow subglottal space
46
What is esophageal atresia?
occlusion of esophagus
47
What is tracheoesophageal fistula?
openings between trachea esophagus. May occur with esophageal pouch. Can range from occluded esophagus to not having an esophagus.
48
What is a web?
A web of tissue across larynx, usually anterior- across anterior commissural area.
49
What are etiologies of a web?
congenital, post surgical
50
What are signs/symptoms of a web?
may not have voice problems, usually no problems breathing unless it's huge
51
True or False? | A posterior web is rare.
true
52
What do webs look like?
Not see through and very thick
53
What is a hemorrhage?
Bleeding into superficial lamina propria
54
What are etiologies of a hemorrhage?
misuse/abuse, medications such as Coumadin, aspirin, ibuprofen
55
What are signs/symptoms of a hemorrhage?
hoarseness, vf erythema, vf edema, dec. vf vibration, loss if pitch range, varix
56
What is a varix?
blood spot/blood vessel on vf
57
What do we call a blood vessel that has come to surface?
Vascularity
58
What is VF erythema?
redness
59
What is laryngitis?
Inflammation of vocal folds
60
What are etiologies of laryngitis?
infection, LPR, allergies
61
What are signs/symptoms of laryngitis?
hoarseness, sore throat, cough, fever, vf edema, erythema
62
What kind of Tx is used for laryngitis?
voice rest
63
What is Reinke's edema?
AKA polypoid corditis | Swelling of entire superficial lamina propria
64
What are etiologies of Reinke's edema?
smoking
65
What are signs/symptoms of Reinke's edema?
gravelly voice, low pitch, vf edema, impaired breathing
66
Why do pts. with Reinke's edema experience low pitch?
The VF's get heavy with fluid increasing mass and causing them to move slower
67
Why do you need to go to the ER immediately if you have Reinke's edema and problems breathing?
Because your VF's are swelling closed and immediate surgery is needed.
68
What is Leukoplakia?
White oatches or growths on epithelim.. **pre cancerous
69
What are etiologies of leukoplakia?
smoking, chemical exposure
70
What is the most common etiology of leukoplakia?
smoking
71
What are signs/symptoms of leukoplakia?
hoarseness, dec. vf vibration, vf edema
72
What are the 3 types of Cancer?
Glottic**, supraglottic and subglottic(rare)
73
What are etiologies of cancer?
smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, asbestos or chemical exposure
74
What is the most common etiology of cancer?
smoking
75
What are signs and symptoms of cancer?
hoarseness, rough voice, PAIN, strain, difficulty/pain swallowing
76
Cancer is worse if it invades what part of the larynx?
arytenoids
77
What does mentastasize mean?
to spread
78
What are etiologies of Laryngeal trauma?
hit in the neck, weight lifting (grunting causes hemorrhaging), foreign bodies

Organic Voice Disorders (1 decks)

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