vogel Flashcards
what are the major divisions of the CNS?
- cerebrum
- cerebellum
- brainstem
- spinal cord
what are the components of the brainstem?
diencephalon, midbrain, pons, medulla
what does the telencephalon give rise to ?
cerebral hemisphere
what does the diencephalon give rise to ?
thalami
what does the mesencephalon give rise to?
midbrain
what does the metecephalon give rise to?
pons and cerebellum
what does the myencephalon give rise to?
medulla
when are the 5 secondary vesicles formed
week 5
what are the components of the pns?
cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia
what does the cns arise from?
the neural tube
what does the pns arise from?
nc
why are there spinal cord enlargements ?
more neuron cell bodies>more axons
what does the cervical enlargement contribute to?
sensory information from upper extremities
-motor control over upper extremities
what does the lumbosacral enlargement contribute to?
- sensory information from lower extremities
- motor control over lower extremities
name the pairs of spinal nerves
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal
what is the conus medullaris? where is it located at birth?
where is it located in a short adult? a tall adult?
it is the caudal end of spinal cord- at birth L3 vertebral body- short- L2/L3- tall T12/L1
where would you puncture the lumbar with a needle?
between L2/L3 or L4/L5
what is the cauda equina?
dorsal and ventral spinal nerve roots extending from the cornus medullaris
what does the spinal cord develop from?
the caudal part of the neural tube. the lumen becomes the central canal
what is the grey matter of the spinal cord?
centrally located butterfly shape in spinal cord that contains neuron cell bodies and interneurons
what is the white matter of the spinal cord?
peripherally located tracts or cables in the spinal cord. it consists of neuronal processes and myelinating glial cells
what is the central canal?
remnant of the lumen of the neural tube
what are the horns of the spinal cord?
dorsal- intermediate(lateral)-ventral
what occurs in the dorsal horn?
sensory processing of pain and temperature (substantia gelantinosa)
what type of neurons reside in the intermediate horn?
autonomic nervous system neurons and unconscious proprioception neurons
what type of neurons reside in the ventral horn?
command neurons for movement
