vogel

Question 1

what are the major divisions of the CNS?

Answer 1

1. cerebrum
2. cerebellum
3. brainstem
4. spinal cord

Question 2

what are the components of the brainstem?

Answer 2

diencephalon, midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 3

what does the telencephalon give rise to ?

Answer 3

cerebral hemisphere

Question 4

what does the diencephalon give rise to ?

Answer 4

thalami

Question 5

what does the mesencephalon give rise to?

Answer 5

midbrain

Question 6

what does the metecephalon give rise to?

Answer 6

pons and cerebellum

Question 7

what does the myencephalon give rise to?

Answer 7

medulla

Question 8

when are the 5 secondary vesicles formed

Answer 8

week 5

Question 9

what are the components of the pns?

Answer 9

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia

Question 10

what does the cns arise from?

Answer 10

the neural tube

Question 11

what does the pns arise from?

Answer 11

nc

Question 12

why are there spinal cord enlargements ?

Answer 12

more neuron cell bodies>more axons

Question 13

what does the cervical enlargement contribute to?

Answer 13

sensory information from upper extremities

-motor control over upper extremities

Question 14

what does the lumbosacral enlargement contribute to?

Answer 14

• sensory information from lower extremities

- motor control over lower extremities

Question 15

name the pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 15

8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal

Question 16

what is the conus medullaris? where is it located at birth?

where is it located in a short adult? a tall adult?

Answer 16

it is the caudal end of spinal cord- at birth L3 vertebral body- short- L2/L3- tall T12/L1

Question 17

where would you puncture the lumbar with a needle?

Answer 17

between L2/L3 or L4/L5

Question 18

what is the cauda equina?

Answer 18

dorsal and ventral spinal nerve roots extending from the cornus medullaris

Question 19

what does the spinal cord develop from?

Answer 19

the caudal part of the neural tube. the lumen becomes the central canal

Question 20

what is the grey matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 20

centrally located butterfly shape in spinal cord that contains neuron cell bodies and interneurons

Question 21

what is the white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 21

peripherally located tracts or cables in the spinal cord. it consists of neuronal processes and myelinating glial cells

Question 22

what is the central canal?

Answer 22

remnant of the lumen of the neural tube

Question 23

what are the horns of the spinal cord?

Answer 23

dorsal- intermediate(lateral)-ventral

Question 24

what occurs in the dorsal horn?

Answer 24

sensory processing of pain and temperature (substantia gelantinosa)

Question 25

what type of neurons reside in the intermediate horn?

Answer 25

autonomic nervous system neurons and unconscious proprioception neurons

Question 26

what type of neurons reside in the ventral horn?

Answer 26

command neurons for movement