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7th Grade Science > Vocabulary Words for Unit 4: Genetics > Flashcards

Vocabulary Words for Unit 4: Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does Ancestor mean?

A

a person from whom one is descended from

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2
Q

What does Descendant mean?

A

a person, plant, or animal that is descended from a particular ancestor

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3
Q

What does Asexual reproduction mean?

A

genetic material is donated from only one parent; offspring are identical to the parent and each other (uniform).

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4
Q

What does Chromosome mean?

A

made of DNA located in the nucleus; contains genetic information needed to carry out cell functions and make new cells

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5
Q

What does Allele mean?

A

one of two or more genes that may occur on a chromosome

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6
Q

What does Diverse Offspring mean?

A

different combinations of alleles from each parent

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7
Q

What does Uniform Offspring mean?

A

offspring are identical to the parent

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8
Q

What does DNA mean?

A

located in the nucleus; determines the genetic traits of an organism (deoxyribonucleic acid)

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9
Q

What doe Gene mean?

A

a segment of DNA found on a chromosome; determines the inheritance of a particular trait

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10
Q

What does Heredity mean?

A

the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next

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11
Q

What does Genetics mean?

A

the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics

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12
Q

What does Sexual reproduction mean?

A

genetic material is donated from two parents; offspring differ from each parent and each other (diverse)

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13
Q

What does Traits mean?

A

behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism that are expressed by genes and/or influenced by the environment

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14
Q

What does Heterozygous mean?

A

If an individual carries two different genres for a trait (Aa)

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15
Q

What does Homozygous mean?

A

If an individual carries the same two alleles for a gene (AA or aa)

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16
Q

What does Dominant Trait mean?

A

inherited characteristic that appears in an offspring if it is contributed from a parent through a dominant allele

17
Q

What does Recessive Trait mean?

A

a trait that is expressed when an organism has two recessive alleles

18
Q

What does Genotype mean?

A

the genetic constitution of an individual organism.

19
Q

What does Phenotype mean?

A

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment

20
Q

What does Punnet Square mean?

A

used to calculate and depict all the combinations of the different genotypes and phenotypes among the offspring

7th Grade Science (7 decks)

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