Vocabulary - Unit II Population

Question 1

Central Place Theory

Answer 1

A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther

Question 2

Chain Migration

Answer 2

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

Question 3

Circulation

Answer 3

Short-term, repetitive, or cynical movements that recur on a regular basis

Question 4

Counterurbanization

Answer 4

Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries

Question 5

Distance Decay

Answer 5

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

Question 6

Emigration/ Immigration

Answer 6

Emigration - migration FROM a location

Immigration - migration TO a new location

Question 7

Forced Migration

Answer 7

Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors

Question 8

Gravity Model

Answer 8

A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service

Question 9

Guest Workers

Answer 9

Workers who migrate to the more developed countries of Northern & Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher-paying jobs

Question 10

Internal Migration

Answer 10

Permanent movement within a particular country

Question 11

Intervening Obstacles and Oppurtunities

Answer 11

Obstacle - An environment or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration
Opportunity - An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that aids migration (no definition in textbook for opportunity…)

Question 12

Brain Drain

Answer 12

Large-scale emigration by talented people

Question 13

Intercontinental (International) Migration

Answer 13

Permanent movement form one country to another

Question 14

Interregional Migration

Answer 14

Permanent movement from one region of a country to another

Question 15

Intraregional Migration

Answer 15

Permanent movement within one region of a country

Question 16

Migration

Answer 16

Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location

Question 17

Net Migration

Answer 17

The difference between the level of immigrants and the level of emigration

Question 18

Push-Pull Factors

Answer 18

Push Factors - Factors that induce people to leave old residences
Pull Factors - Factors that induce people to move to a new location

Question 19

Quotas

Answer 19

In reference to migration, a law that places maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year

Question 20

Refugee

Answer 20

Person who is forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion

Question 21

Transhumance

Answer 21

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures

Question 22

Undocumented Immigrants

Answer 22

People who enter a country without proper documents

Question 23

Voluntary Migration

Answer 23

Permanent movement undertaken by choice

Question 24

Zero Population Growth (ZPG)

Answer 24

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero

Question 25

Sex Ratio

Answer 25

The number of males per 100 females in the population

Question 26

Population Pyramid (Age-Sex Diagram)

Answer 26

A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex

Question 27

Agricultural Population Density

Answer 27

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Question 28

Arithmetic Population Density

Answer 28

The total number of people divided by the total land area

Question 29

Physiological Population Density

Answer 29

The number of people per unit of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

Question 30

Overpopulation

Answer 30

The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

Question 31

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

Answer 31

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

Question 32

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Answer 32

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society

Question 33

Ecumene

Answer 33

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

Question 34

Doubling Time

Answer 34

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Question 35

Dependency Ratio

Answer 35

The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force

Question 36

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 36

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society

Question 37

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 37

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in society