Vocabulary - Unit II Population Flashcards
Central Place Theory
A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther
Chain Migration
Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
Circulation
Short-term, repetitive, or cynical movements that recur on a regular basis
Counterurbanization
Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries
Distance Decay
The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin
Emigration/ Immigration
Emigration - migration FROM a location
Immigration - migration TO a new location
Forced Migration
Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors
Gravity Model
A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service
Guest Workers
Workers who migrate to the more developed countries of Northern & Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher-paying jobs
Internal Migration
Permanent movement within a particular country
Intervening Obstacles and Oppurtunities
Obstacle - An environment or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration
Opportunity - An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that aids migration (no definition in textbook for opportunity…)
Brain Drain
Large-scale emigration by talented people
Intercontinental (International) Migration
Permanent movement form one country to another
Interregional Migration
Permanent movement from one region of a country to another
Intraregional Migration
Permanent movement within one region of a country
Migration
Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location
Net Migration
The difference between the level of immigrants and the level of emigration
Push-Pull Factors
Push Factors - Factors that induce people to leave old residences
Pull Factors - Factors that induce people to move to a new location
Quotas
In reference to migration, a law that places maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year
Refugee
Person who is forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion
Transhumance
The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures
Undocumented Immigrants
People who enter a country without proper documents
Voluntary Migration
Permanent movement undertaken by choice
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero
