Vocabulary Terms 1-36

Question 0

hormones

Answer 0

chemical messengers; produced in one tissue/affect another

Question 1

endocrine system

Answer 1

body’s slow chemical communication system

Question 2

adrenal glands

Answer 2

arouse the body in times of stress

Question 3

pituitary gland

Answer 3

most influential gland; regulates growth

Question 4

lesion

Answer 4

tissue destruction

Question 5

EEG (electroencephalogram)

Answer 5

amplified recording of waves

Question 6

CT scan (computed tomography)

Answer 6

x-Ray image

Question 7

PET scan (positron emission tomography)

Answer 7

visual display of brain activity

Question 8

MRI scan (magnetic resonance imaging)

Answer 8

uses magnetic fields and radio waves

Question 9

fMRI scan (functional mag. resonance imaging)

Answer 9

revealing blood flow/brain activity

Question 10

brainstem

Answer 10

oldest part and central core of the brain

Question 11

medulla

Answer 11

base of brainstem; breathing and digestion

Question 12

reticular formation

Answer 12

nerve network in the brainstem

Question 13

thalamus

Answer 13

brain’s sensory switchboard

Question 14

cerebellum

Answer 14

attached to rear of the brainstem; balance, posture, coordination

Question 15

limbic system

Answer 15

doughnut-shaped system of neural structures; emotions and drives

Question 16

hippocampus

Answer 16

formation of memories

Question 17

amygdala

Answer 17

two Lima bean-sized neural clusters; emotions and motivations; related to survival

Question 18

hypothalamus

Answer 18

neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs several maintenance activities

Question 19

cerebral cortex

Answer 19

body’s ultimate control and information-processing center

Question 20

glial cells

Answer 20

support, nourish, protect neurons

Question 21

frontal lobes

Answer 21

behind the forehead; speaking and muscle movements; making plans/judgments

Question 22

parietal lobes

Answer 22

top of the head/toward the rear; touch and body position

Question 23

occipital lobes

Answer 23

back of the head; visual areas

Question 24

temporal lobes

Answer 24

above the ears; auditory areas

Question 25

motor cortex

Answer 25

rear of frontal lobes; controls voluntary movements

Question 26

sensory cortex (somatosensory cortex)

Answer 26

registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

Question 27

visual cortex

Answer 27

back of the brain; associated with vision

Question 28

auditory cortex

Answer 28

located above the ear; associated with hearing

Question 29

association areas

Answer 29

not involved in primary motor; learning, remembering, thinking, speaking

Question 30

aphasia

Answer 30

impairment of language

Question 31

Broca’s area

Answer 31

controls language expression

Question 32

Wernicke’s area

Answer 32

controls language reception

Question 33

plasticity

Answer 33

brain’s capacity for modification

Question 34

corpus callosum

Answer 34

connecting the two brain hemispheres/carrying messages between them

Question 35

split brain

Answer 35

two hemispheres of brain are isolated