Vocabulary Section 2

Question 1

Arthur Zimmerman

Answer 1

German under secretary for foreign affairs. Sent the Zimmerman Telegram.

Question 2

Great Migration

Answer 2

Large scale movement of African Americans from the South to the North during and after World War I where jobs were more plentiful.

Question 3

Carrie Chapman Catt

Answer 3

Women’s rights campaigner for women’s right to vote. Headed the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA).

Question 4

League of Nations

Answer 4

Organization created after WWI to promote global peace and cooperation.

Question 5

Marcus Garvey

Answer 5

Leader of “Pan-Africanism”. A Jamaican immigrant. Leader of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).

Question 6

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Answer 6

the Pact of Paris, an agreement signed by 62 nations that agreed not to use war as an instrument of national policy. Pact was initiated by the U.S. and France.

Question 7

Scopes Trial

Answer 7

Highly publicized 1925 trial of Tennessee high school science teacher John Scopes, who was found guilty of teaching the theory of evolution in violation of state law.

Question 8

Claude McKay

Answer 8

a Jamaican-American writer and poet, who was a seminal figure in the Harlem Renaissance.

Question 9

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 9

An African American cultural and arts movement of the 1920s centers in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City.

Question 10

Nicola Sacco/Bartolomeo Vanzetti

Answer 10

Two Italian immigrants with anarchist sympathies. Sentenced to death for killing two payroll clerks. Many thought the trial was unfair and the judge was biased because of their anarchist sympathies.

Question 11

Teapot Dome Scandal

Answer 11

Bribery scandal, uncovered in 1924, implicating Secretary of the Interior Fall, a member of President Harding’s cabinet who took bribes in return for lucrative leases to drill for oil on government-owned land.

Question 12

Agricultural Adjustment Administration

Answer 12

U.S. government agency created by the Agricultural Adjustment Act to provide credit, loans, and other subsidies to farmers.

Question 13

Glass-Steagall Banking Act

Answer 13

Congressional act that established strict guidelines for banking operations and expanded the power of the Federal Reserve System. The act also founded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Some regulations associated with the original act were repealed in 1999, leading to mismanagement and scandals in the banking and finance industries, and the recession beginning around 2009.

Question 14

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Answer 14

Congressional act that created the Securities and Exchange Commission to regulate stock markets and activities by brokers.

Question 15

Frances Townsend

Answer 15

was an American physician who was best known for his revolving old-age pension proposal during the Great Depression. Known as the “Townsend Plan”, this proposal influenced the establishment of the Roosevelt administration’s Social Security system.

Question 16

Emergency Banking Relief Act

Answer 16

Congressional act that followed the market crash of 1929; it reopened banks and restored bank solvency under Treasury Department supervision. The act also removed U.S. currency from the gold standard.

Question 17

Huey Long

Answer 17

Democratic senator who created the “Share Our Wealth Society.” He blamed the depression on conspiracy by the rich. He wanted to expand Townsend’s plan to all poor people, tax the rich and give to the poor.

Question 18

Tennessee Valley Authority

Answer 18

Federal agency created in 1933 to construct a network of dams and hydroelectric projects to control floods, generate power, and promote growth in a chronically poor area of the South.

Question 19

Atlantic Charter

Answer 19

A joint policy statement issued by the United States and Great Britain that defined the goals and objectives of their alliance at the beginning of World War II. The charter called for disarming defeated aggressors and establishing a permanent system of general security.

Question 20

Anti-Comintern Pact

Answer 20

an anti-communist pact concluded between Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan (later to be joined by other, mainly fascist, governments) on November 25, 1936 and was directed against the Third (Communist) International.

Question 21

Manhattan Project

Answer 21

Secret U.S. scientific and military program during World War II dedicated to the development of an atomic bomb. The project was led by J. Robert Oppenheimer and employed 150,000 workers at numerous secret sites, including Los Alamos, New Mexico.

Question 22

United Nations Organization

Answer 22

An organization open to all nations, established in 1945, for maintaining world peace. It is headquartered in New York.

Question 23

Battle of Midway

Answer 23

A naval and air battle fought in World War II in which planes from American aircraft carriers blunted the Japanese naval threat in the Pacific Ocean after Pearl Harbor.