Vocabulary - Part Two Flashcards

0
Q

Blanket Primary

A

Elections to select party nominees in which voters are presented with a list of candidates from all parties.

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1
Q

Affirmative Action

A

A policy designed to give special attention to, or compensatory treatment of, members of some previously disadvantaged group.

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2
Q

Civil Rights

A

Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals.

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3
Q

Closed Primary

A

Elections to select party nominees in which only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote for that party’s candidate.

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4
Q

Critical Election

A

An electoral “earthquake” where new issues emerge, new coalitions replace old ones, and the majority party is often replaced by the minority party.

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5
Q

Divided Government

A

When one party controls the presidency while another controls Congress.

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6
Q

Free Riders

A

People who benefit from an interest group without making any contributions.

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7
Q

Horse-race Journalism

A

The tendency of the media to cover campaigns by emphasizing how candidates stand in the polls instead of where they stand on the issues.

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8
Q

Interest Group

A

The organization of people with shared policy goals entering the policy process at several points to achieve those goals.

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9
Q

Mass Media

A

Television, newspapers, magazines, the internet, and means of popular communication.

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10
Q

Open Primary

A

Elections to select party nominees in which voters can decide on Election Day whether they want to participate in the Democratic or Republican contests.

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11
Q

Party Era

A

Historical period in which a majority of voters cling to the party in power, which tends to win the majority of elections.

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12
Q

Party Realignment

A

The displacement of the majority party by the minority party, usually during a critical election period.

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13
Q

Plurality Election

A

The winning candidate is the person who receives more votes than anyone else, but less than half of the total.

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14
Q

Political Action Committee (PAC)

A

A group of people whose members share views on specific policies and attempt to influence public policy to their benefit.

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15
Q

Political Culture

A

An overall set of values widely shared within a society.

16
Q

Political Efficacy

A

The belief that one’s political participation really matters - that one’s vote can actually make a difference.

17
Q

Political Ideology

A

A coherent set of beliefs about politics, public policy, and public purpose.

18
Q

Political Party

A

A group of citizens who organize to win elections, hold public office, operate governments, and determine public policy.

19
Q

Political Socialization

A

The process by which political values are formed and passed from one generation to the next.

20
Q

Public Opinion

A

The distribution of the population’s beliefs about politics and policy issues.

21
Q

Single-member district

A

An area from which one person is chosen by the voters for each elected office.

22
Q

Split-ticket Voting

A

Voting with one party for one office and with another party for other offices.

23
Q

Strict Scrutiny

A

Supreme Court rule that classification by race and ethnic background is inherently suspect and must be justified by a “compelling” public interest.