Vocabulary List 14:

Question 1

According to Max Weber, a hierarchical authority structure that uses task specialization, operates on the merit principle, and behaves with impersonality

Answer 1

bureaucracy

Question 2

A system in which jobs and promotions are awarded for political reasons rather than for merit or competence.

Answer 2

patronage

Question 3

Passed in 1883, an act that created a federal civil service so that hiring and promotion would be based on merit
rather than patronage.

Answer 3

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Question 4

A system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create a nonpartisan government service.

Answer 4

civil service

Question 5

The idea that hiring should be based on entrance exams and promotion ratings to produce administration by people with talent and skill.

Answer 5

merit principle

Question 6

A federal law prohibiting government employees from active participation in partisan politics while on duty or for employees in sensitive positions at any time.

Answer 6

Hatch Act

Question 7

The office in charge of hiring for most agencies of the federal government, using elaborate rules in the process.

Answer 7

Office of Personnel
Management

Question 8

A schedule for federal employees, ranging from GS 1 to GS 18, by which salaries can be keyed to rating and experience.

Answer 8

GS (General Schedule) rating

Question 9

An elite cadre of about 9,000 federal government managers at the top of
the civil service system.

Answer 9

Senior Executive Service

Question 10

A government agency with responsibility for making and enforcing rules to protect the public interest in some sector of the economy and for judging disputes over these rules.

Answer 10

independent regulatory
commission

Question 11

A government organization that, like business corporations, provides a
service that could be delivered by the private sector and typically charges for
its services.

Answer 11

government corporation

Question 12

The government agencies not
accounted for by cabinet departments, independent regulatory commissions, and government corporations.

Answer 12

independent executive agency

Question 13

Better known as SOPs, these procedures for everyday decision making enable bureaucrats to bring efficiency and uniformity to the running of complex organizations.

Answer 13

standard operating procedures

Question 14

The authority of administrative actors
to select among various responses to a given problem.

Answer 14

administrative discretion

Question 15

A phrase coined by Michael Lipsky, referring to those bureaucrats who are in constant contact with the public and have considerable administrative discretion.

Answer 15

street-level bureaucrats

Question 16

The use of governmental authority to control or change some practice in the private sector.

Answer 16

regulation

Question 17

The lifting of government restrictions on business, industry, and professional
activities.

Answer 17

deregulation

Question 18

The typical system of regulation whereby the government tells business
how to reach certain goals, checks that these commands are followed, and punishes offenders.

Answer 18

command-and-control policy

Question 19

An alternative to command-and-control, with marketlike strategies such as rewards used to manage public
policy.

Answer 19

incentive system

Question 20

Regulations originating with the executive branch.

Answer 20

executive orders

Question 21

Also known as subgovernments, a mutually dependent, mutually advantageous relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees.

Answer 21

iron triangles

Question 22

The stage of policymaking between the establishment of a policy and the consequences of the policy for the people affected.

Answer 22

policy implementation