Vocabulary & Key Concepts Flashcards
1
Q
Isolated
A
Staying away from others and alone.
2
Q
Ainu
A
The ethnic group located in the northern island of Japan called Hokkaido.
3
Q
Tsunami
A
A big and dangerous sea wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption.
4
Q
Stoic
A
Someone who can feel pain or hardship without emotion.
5
Q
Arable
A
Land that can have plants grown on.
6
Q
Monsoon
A
A seasonal wind that causes lots of rain.
7
Q
Gohan
A
Cooked rice or a meal.
8
Q
Homogenous
A
Things that are made with things that look the same or are the same.
9
Q
Assimilation
A
An ethnic group that loses distinctiveness and gets absorbed into a majority group.
10
Q
Kamikaze
A
A divine wind that is believed to be a gift from the gods.
11
Q
Amaterasu
A
A Japanese goddess.
12
Q
Kanji
A
Chinese writing that is adopted by the Japanese.
13
Q
kana
A
Japanese writing adapted by the Chinese.
14
Q
Ritual
A
A religious ceremony or action.
15
Q
Kamuy
A
An Ainu word that means spiritual or divine being.
16
Q
Kami
A
Spirits that are believed to be the original ancestors of an early Japanese clan.
17
Q
Shinto
A
A Japanese religion dating back to the 8th century.
18
Q
Archipelago
A
A group of many islands in a body of water.
19
Q
Matsuri
A
A Japanese festival.
20
Q
Major Island names?
A
- Hokkaido
- Honshu
- Kyushu
- Shikoku
21
Q
Close countries?
A
- N. Korea and S. Korea
- China
- Russia
22
Q
Main waters?
A
Pacific Ocean
23
Q
Mountains?
A
Close to 18,000 mountains and the main one is called Mt. Fuji
24
Q
Farmland?
A
- not a lot of land
- rice is grown a lot
- volcanic eruption make the soil good for growing stuff.
25
Food staples?
Rice, seafood, miso soup.
26
Climate?
- 4 main seasons
- has warm and wet summers
- mild winters are found in Japan
27
natural resources?
Wood: homes and paper.
| they lack in resources and depend on seafood and rice and have many things imported.
28
Ainu?
An ethnic group that lived in the cold Hokkaido region.
| They were wiped out by thousands by a small pox epidemic from the others.
29
Shinto?
The 6th century Shinto was created in the Japanese land to distinguish it from Buddhism and Confucianism.
30
Rice?
Rice cultivation was a labour-intensive task and it is so important that Gohan meaning rice is also called meal meaning rice is a daily meal of the country.
31
Emperor
A ruler who has great power and rank and rules an empire.
32
Daimyo
a leader in feudal Japan who controlled a small province.
33
Shogun
A shogun was a military leader who dictated his rule before Edo and after they were warriors/
34
koku
A Chinese based Japanese unit of volume.
35
Bakufu
It was the higher and more organized government.
36
Samurai
They were the warriors from Japan and were from the nobility.
37
Farmers
The person who grows plants and cultivates the land for it. It was usually used for rice.
38
Artisan
Making things by his own hands and then selling it or trading.
39
Merchants
A person who is involved in trade especially with other countries.
40
Eta (outcasts)
They were the outcast group in Japan and were discriminated against a lot.
41
Hinin
They were the outcast group and plotted against the emperor.
42
Honbyakusho
They were a type of peasant in Edo.
43
Hyakusho
The peasants or villagers in pre-modern Japan.
44
Ronin
They were masterless samurai.
45
Shogunate.
it was the hereditary military dictatorship in Edo.
46
Bakuhan
Tokugawa rulers were called that.
47
Hereditary
Passing on traits from one generation to another.
48
Seppuku
Ritual suicide done as something honourable for something they did was disgraceful.
49
Confucius
He was a Chinese philosopher and politician and he believed everybody was fundamentally good.
50
Goningumi
five household groups who were responsible for lawful behaviour.
51
Tokugawa
It was the feudal military during the Edo period of Japan.
52
Social Controls
The way rules, laws, structures control human behaviour.
53
Bushido
It is the code of honour and morals for the samurai.
54
filial piety
The virtue of respect for parents, ancestors, and elders.
55
Story of 47 Ronin?
Lord Asano was a feudal lord and he came to Edo to entertain the royal family. He was unfamiliar with the court etiquette so Lord Kira was assigned to train him. Lord Kira would always insult him and this caused him to make an attempt to kill him and he failed and committed hara-kiri. His samurai were now masterless and plotted to kill him which they did and they respectively committed hara-kiri after that.
56
Shogun's responsibility for unifying Japan?
The shogun were rulers and they ruled to keep order in japan.
57
Effective measures that were put by Iyeaysu's successors?
1. Alternate attendance
2. sharing power
3. strict laws.
58
Increasing shogun power and decreasing Daimyo power?
Tokugawa himself was a daimyo and became a shogun and he controlled all of Japan roughly all of the 250 provinces.
59
Japanese government control?
the daimyo control a small piece of land called a province and there were roughly 250 of them. They relied on peasants to farm the land.
60
feudal triangle?
```
emperor
shogun
daimyo
samurai
ronin
peasants
artisans
merchants
outcasts
```
61
Role of women?
They entertained people with plays and puppets and worked their household chores.
62
teachings of Confucius?
He taught people humanity, morality, loyalty and consideration. He was a big philosopher and educator.
63
5 BAsic relationships?
```
Father-child
ruler-subject
husband-wife
elder brother-younger brother
friend-friend
```
64
Entourages
A group of people who surround an important person.
65
Metropolis
The main or capital cities of a country.
66
Pop Culture
The members of a society who like things from specific sections such as practices, beliefs, and objects.
67
ethical codes
A guide of principles made to help people conduct business honestly.
68
Edict
An official order issued to a person in authority.
69
Bunraku
Puppet theatre.
70
Entourages
A group of people who surround an important person.
71
floating worlds
Places were noh and kabuki accoured.
72
Geishas
A Japanese hostess trained to entertain men with a conversation.
73
kabuki.
A classical Japanese drama with a storyline.
74
Southern barbarians
The Portuguese people who visited Japan.
75
Southern barbarians?
they sold many things with Japan and they tried to convert them to Christianity.
76
Christianity?
Many countries tried to convert the Japanese to Christianity but they both had the same idea of good and bad.
77
Dutch scholars?
They gave the Japanese knowledge especially in the medicine section.
78
farms?
The farms produced Rice and they still worked at farms.
79
Merchant class?
merchants had a rise in society and they afforded education and luxury, and they broke the social barriers.
80
population?
The population increased during the Edo period and they had roughly 30 million inhabitants by 1720.
81
Edo?
There were channels all over the city.
It was the centre of the shogun military government.
land behind the castle was for the upper class and low land was for the working classes.
By the end of the 18th century, there were 1,000,000 people.
They had to learn how to provide police, and fire protection services to the large population.
82
Kyoto
The city was surrounded by mountains that protected them from attacks.
summers were very hot
the mountain slopes were good for making tea and feeding mulberry leaves to silkworms.
the city had lots of luxury items.
Was the centre of printing and was known for woodblock printing.
83
Osaka?
developed around the protective harbour.
there were hundreds of warehouses.
was called the kitchen of Japan for all the food there.
