VOCABULARY FROM CHAT Flashcards
define the four terms:
A Decision table
B Program flowchart
C Pseudo code
D System flowchart
Certainly, here are definitions for each of the four terms:
A) Decision Table:
A decision table is a systematic and structured way of representing complex decision logic in a tabular format. It is often used in software engineering and business analysis to document and analyze various conditions and their corresponding actions or outcomes. Decision tables help in simplifying decision-making processes and are particularly useful for situations with multiple possible combinations of conditions and outcomes.
B) Program Flowchart:
A program flowchart is a graphical representation of the logic and flow of a computer program or algorithm. It uses symbols, shapes, and arrows to depict the sequence of program instructions, decision points, loops, and the flow of data within the program. Flowcharts are valuable for visualizing and understanding the program’s structure, making it easier to design, analyze, and debug software.
C) Pseudo Code:
Pseudo code is a high-level, human-readable description of a computer program or algorithm. It is not a formal programming language but rather a way to express the logic and steps of a program using natural language and simple code-like constructs. Pseudo code is used during the design and planning stages of software development to outline the program’s functionality before actual coding begins.
D) System Flowchart:
A system flowchart is a visual representation of the processes, data flows, and interactions within a system or a complex process. It illustrates how data and information move through various components of a system, including inputs, processes, outputs, and storage. System flowcharts are helpful for documenting and analyzing the operation of systems, including business processes, software systems, and organizational workflows.
Define and describe a data-flow diagram.
A Data-Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation used for the visualization of data processing within a system. It is a popular tool used in systems analysis to depict the flow of information within a system. DFDs help in understanding the system, identifying flaws, bottlenecks, and other aspects of the processes within a system. Key elements and characteristics of a Data-Flow Diagram include:
Processes: Represented by circles or rounded rectangles, these are the activities or operations that transform data from one form to another. They are the active elements where some action is taken on the data.
Data Flows: Depicted as arrows, data flows show the route that the data takes through the system. They indicate how data moves from one part of the system to another and can represent both electronic and physical flow of information.
Data Stores: Represented by open-ended rectangles or parallel lines, these are places where data is stored within the system. This can include databases, physical files, or any other form of storage.
External Entities: Shown as squares or rectangles, external entities are sources or destinations of data outside the system. They can be people, organizations, or other systems that interact with the system being diagrammed.
Do they need to have a system flowchart?
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Data-Flow Diagrams (DFDs) and System Flowcharts serve different, albeit related, purposes in systems analysis and design. Whether a project needs a System Flowchart in addition to a Data-Flow Diagram depends on the specific requirements and goals of the project. Here’s a breakdown of their functions and when each might be needed:
Data-Flow Diagrams (DFDs):
Focus: DFDs primarily focus on the flow of data within a system. They show how data enters, is processed, and exits a system, and how it is stored within the system.
Detail: DFDs do not usually provide details about the timing of processes, the physical implementation of data, or the control flow (like decision-making or looping).
Use: Ideal for understanding and analyzing the logical flow of data and how information is handled within the system.
System Flowcharts:
Focus: System Flowcharts provide a more comprehensive view, showing not only the data flow but also the control flow within a system. This includes decision points, looping, and the sequencing of processes.
Detail: They often depict more operational details like the physical aspects of a system (e.g., hardware components), sequence of operations, and how tasks are actually carried out.
Use: Useful for understanding the operational procedures, control logic, and physical components of a system.
What is the difference between a purchase order and a bill of lading?
While both purchase orders (POs) and bills of lading (BOLs) are important documents in the purchase and delivery of goods, they serve different purposes and have distinct characteristics. Here’s a breakdown of their key differences:
Function:
Purchase order (PO): This is an official document issued by a buyer to a seller, outlining the intended purchase of specific goods or services. It specifies details like:
Description of goods or services
Quantity
Price
Delivery date
Payment terms
Authorized personnel for both parties
Essentially, it’s a legal contract or agreement between the buyer and seller, confirming the order details.
Bill of lading (BOL): This is a document issued by the carrier (e.g., shipping company) that acknowledges the receipt of goods for transportation from the seller to the buyer. It specifies details like:
Description of goods
Quantity
Condition of goods
Shipper and consignee (receiver) information
Origin and destination
Date of shipment
It acts as a receipt and proof of ownership of the goods during transit, serving as a transfer of responsibility from the seller to the carrier.
Key differences:
Issued by: PO is issued by the buyer, while BOL is issued by the carrier.
Purpose: PO defines the agreement for purchase, while BOL documents the actual shipment of goods.
Parties involved: PO involves the buyer and seller, while BOL involves the carrier, buyer, and seller (and sometimes other parties like insurers).
Focus: PO focuses on order details and terms, while BOL focuses on shipment details and condition of goods.
Timing: PO is issued before the goods are shipped, while BOL is issued after the goods are received by the carrier.
Relationship:
These documents often work together in the purchase and delivery process.
The PO forms the basis for the BOL, ensuring the carrier receives accurate information about the goods.
The BOL serves as confirmation that the goods ordered in the PO have been shipped and are in transit.
What are the roles and responsiblities of the following workers?
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Certainly! Please provide the list of workers whose roles and responsibilities you would like to know about.
User
Computer operators
B System analysts
C System programmers
D Application programmers
Here’s a breakdown of the roles and responsibilities for each of these positions in the IT sector:
Computer Operators:
Monitoring Systems: They monitor the operation of computer hardware systems, ensuring they are functioning correctly.
Performing Routine Tasks: This includes running scheduled jobs, backups, and other automated tasks.
Troubleshooting: They diagnose and resolve basic hardware and software errors.
Maintaining Logs: Keeping accurate logs of computer operations and system performance.
Data Management: Handling data processing tasks and managing batch processing.
User Assistance: Providing basic support to users, especially for common technical issues.
System Analysts:
Requirement Analysis: Identifying the requirements of the business and mapping them to technical solutions.
System Design: Designing IT solutions to meet business needs, including creating specifications for new systems or changes to existing systems.
Liaison: Acting as a bridge between business stakeholders and the IT team.
Project Management: Overseeing projects, from development to implementation.
Quality Assurance and Testing: Ensuring that systems meet quality standards and user requirements.
User Training and Support: Providing training to users and ongoing support for implemented systems.
System Programmers:
Developing System Software: Writing and maintaining software that runs the computer systems, such as operating systems, network software, etc.
Customizing System Software: Tailoring system software to meet the specific needs of an organization.
Performance Optimization: Enhancing the efficiency and stability of system software.
Troubleshooting and Debugging: Identifying and fixing issues within the system software.
Collaborating with Hardware Engineers: Working closely with hardware teams to ensure compatibility and optimal performance.
Security Management: Implementing and maintaining security protocols within system software.
Application Programmers:
Developing Applications: Writing, testing, and maintaining software applications that fulfill specific functions for users.
User Requirement Analysis: Understanding user needs to develop appropriate application solutions.
Code Testing and Debugging: Ensuring applications are free of bugs and meet quality standards.
Software Updates and Maintenance: Regularly updating and maintaining applications for optimal performance.
Documentation: Creating documentation for developed applications for both users and for internal use.
Collaboration: Working with other programmers, UI/UX designers, and business analysts to develop user-centric applications.
