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Aircraft Structures and Design 1Aero > Vocabulary Design > Flashcards

Vocabulary Design Flashcards

1
Q

a point(about one quarter of the distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge of an airfoil section)about which the resultant pitching moment of all aerodynamic forces is constant within the working range of angle of attack.

A

Aerodynamic centre

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2
Q

is a chord length in the plane of symmetry along the zero lift line of the wing. It is used as a datum length for calculating pitching moments and moment coefficient.

A

Aerodynamic mean chord MAC

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3
Q

a surface, or combination of high drag surfaces, put out
into the airflow to slow down

A

Airbrake

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4
Q

the angle between the datum line of the aircraftfrom nose to tail, and the chord line of an aerofoil section

A

Angle of incidence

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5
Q

total pressure = static + dynamic pressure, p + q = C

A

Bernoulli’s Law

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6
Q

Shaking and thumping of the aircraft caused by turbulentlumps of agitated air left behind in the wake.

A

Buffet

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7
Q

Motion of the air or water along a curved path. Circulation produces lift.

A

Circulation

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8
Q

the tendency of the air or water to follow a curved surface is called after t

A

Coanda Effect

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9
Q

a term describing the geometry of an airplane, when various elements(flaps, landing gear) making up its shape have been rearranged for subsequent fligt

A

Configuration

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10
Q

the angle subtended between the chord lines of biplane wings, and between wings and stabiliser

A

Decalage

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11
Q

the condition of the relative airflow remote from the aircraft and so not influenced by its presence.

A

Free stream

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12
Q

the vertical distance between the wings of a biplane

A

Gap

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13
Q

the magnitude of the aerodynamic twisting effect exerted at the hinge of a control or flap surface.

A

Hinge moment

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14
Q

tips of the surfaces are raked by cutting them at an angle of the line of flight, making the leading and the trailing edges of different
lengths.

A

Rake

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15
Q

the amount by which one wing of a biplane is set ahead of the other

A

Stagger

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16
Q

twisting of the wing along the span to
decrease the incidence at the tip relative to the root, or to increase the incidence outboard.

A

Wash in and wash out

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17
Q

a measure of work that would be needed to impart kinetic energy of rotation to a body about an axis.

A

Moment of Inertia

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18
Q

a given mixture of air and fuel in the cylinders of a piston can be caused to explode prematurely by a combination of
compression pressure and charge temperature

A

Anti detonants

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19
Q

causes loss of power and mechanical shocks that can cause engine failure.

A

Detonation

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20
Q

is the percentage of iso octane in a blend of is octane and normal heptane which has the same knock characteristics as the fuel being rated.

A

Octane rating

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21
Q

strictly the increase of engine manifold pressure by supercharging

A

Boost Pressure

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22
Q

supply the cylinders with fuel air
mixture

A

Carburetter and Fuel injector

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23
Q
A
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24
Q

a fan or propeller driven by the engine and
working within a duct to reduce tip losses and noise, thus increasing propulsive efficiency.

A

Ducted fan or propeller

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25
Q

the engine, failure of which gives the most adverse effect on the flying characteristics of the aeroplane relative to the
case immediately under consideration

A

Critical Engine

26
Q

Setting the blades of a stopped propeller at zero angle of attack, so as to reduce drag to the minimum by preventing windmilling

A

Feathering

27
Q

a lever or knob which the pilot controls the ratio fuel/air for any given throttle setting.

A

Mixture Control

28
Q

the airflow caused by the propeller alone

A

Propwash

29
Q

the relative airflow past an aircraft

A

Slipstream

30
Q

a form of pump which compresses the air supplied to the cylinders, to be mixed with fuel so as to maintain power to higher altitudes.

A

Supercharger and Turbo(super)charger

31
Q

Free play in the cockpit control i.e., any motion of a control which does not immediately deflect a control surface

A

Backlash

32
Q

the force a pilot must apply to move a control from a given position.

A

Breakout Force

33
Q

the tendency of a control surface to move with the
changes in the relative wind.

A

Float or trail

34
Q

the relationship between control surface movement and
the movement of the control in the cockpit

A

Gearing

35
Q

Control horn balances are fitted to aileron, elevator and
rudder surfaces, as required, so as to reduce the control surfaces felt
by the pilot.

A

Horn

36
Q

Oscillation of a control surface about its trimmed position

A

Hunting

37
Q

when a control surface moves to full deflection and it is
difficult to centralise it using normal effort

A

Locking

38
Q

a control is overbalanced when a force must be applied
to prevent further deflection.

A

Overbalance

39
Q

if the deflection of a control produces the
required response, then the control is effective.

A

Control Effectiveness

40
Q

the subjective impression of the pilot to the response of the
aircraft to control.

A

Feel

41
Q

Controls are said to be well harmonised when forces
and deflections, and the response of the aircraft to them, are such
that the pilot is not aware of having to use too much or too little
effort.

A

Harmonisation

42
Q

responsiveness depends upon rotational inertia about an
axis, aerodynamic damping and stability.

A

Response

43
Q

when it feels as if it is connected to a spring, which must be
compressed or extended before the control surface begins to move.

A

Spongy

44
Q

a regular short period oscillation in yaw and roll

A

Dutch Roll

45
Q

a high frequency oscillation usually caused by the inter
action of aerodynamic forces and the natural frequencies of control
surfaces and structure.

A

Flutter

46
Q

Fairly regular pitching oscillations of low frequency

A

Porpoising

47
Q

flight with a component of airflow from the side

A

Sideslip

48
Q

a marked increase in rate of descent with the aeroplane
maintaining a more or less constant attitude, increasing the angle of
atack

A

Sinking

49
Q

a lateral and directional oscillation, predominantly in yaw

A

Snaking

50
Q

the condition in a turn or a pull out such that a push
force is needed on the stick to hold constant ‘g’.

A

Tightening

51
Q

calibrated airspeed is the indicated of the aeroplane , corrected
for position and instrument error.

A

CAS

52
Q

CAS expressed in knots

A

KCAS

53
Q

outside air temp. is the free air static (ambient) temp.

A

OAT

54
Q

Actual atmospheric pressure at field elevation.

A

Station Pressure

55
Q

maximum power permissible for take off

A

TOP

56
Q

the distance needed to accelerate an
aeroplane to a specified speed and , assuming failure of an engine at
the instant that speed is attained, to bring the aircraft to a stop.

A

Accelerate stop distance

57
Q

Airloads on the skin distort the airframe, but the
structure is said to be aero elastic if it absorbs loads with out
breakage and returns to its original shape when they are removed.

A

Aero elasticity

58
Q

a technique used mainly to reduce the aero elastic
bending of wings.

A

Bending relief

59
Q

aircraft prepared for service weight: a fully equipped
operational airplane, empty for example without crew, fuel or
payload

A

APS weight

60
Q

standard empty weight plus optional equipment.

A

Basic empty weight

61
Q

weight of a standard aeroplane including
unusable fuel, full operating fluids and full oil.

A

Standard empty weight

Aircraft Structures and Design 1Aero (10 decks)

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