vocabulary (base) Flashcards
1
Q
001
during
A
間
during
She talked to her friends during lunch.
2
Q
002
weather
A
天気
weather
The weather during spring is wonderful.
3
Q
003
machine
(machines)
A
機械
machine (machines)
They use machines to make the cars.
4
Q
004
electricity
A
電気
electricity
The TV needs electricity.
5
Q
005
large
A
大きい
large
He wants a large pizza for dinner.
6
Q
006
to circle
(cirled / circled)
A
円に囲む
to circle (cirled / circled)
He circled the picture of the present he wanted.
7
Q
007
to indicate
(indicated / indicated)
A
表示する
to indicate (indicated / indicated)
A red circle indicates a wrong answer on the test.
8
Q
008
wrong
A
誤った
wrong
He wrote the wrong anwer on the test.
9
Q
009
to organize
(organized / organized)
A
整理する
to organize
His mother wants him to organize his books.
10
Q
010
hours
A
時間
hours
She spent five hours writing the report.
11
Q
011
above
A
の上
above
The yellow ballon is above John.
12
Q
012
cursor
A
カーソル
cursor
Move the cursor to in front of the word you want to delete.
13
Q
013
street
(streets)
A
道
street (streets)
She found a large bug in the street.
14
Q
014
purse
(purses)
A
ハンドバッグ
purse (purses)
She left her purse at the restaurant.
15
Q
015
cause
(causes)
A
原因
cause (causes)
Do they know the cause of the fire?
16
Q
016
effect
(effects)
A
結果
effect (effects)
What was the effect of losing the game?
17
Q
017
accident
(accidents)
A
事故
accident (accidents)
He got in an accident when riding his bicyle.
18
Q
018
caterpillar
(caterpillars)
A
けむし
caterpillar (caterpillars)
They found three caterpillars on the plant.
19
Q
019
liquid
(liquids)
A
液体
liquid (liquids)
You cannot bring liquid onto a plane.
20
Q
020
against
A
対して, に逆らって; に反抗[反対]して.
against
Are you against the plan?
21
Q
021
to compare
(compared / compared)
A
比較する
to compare (compared / compared)
I compared the U.S. and Japan in the report.
22
Q
022
harsh
A
きびしい
harsh
The teacher is harsh with the students.
23
Q
023
stranger
(strangers)
A
知らぬ人
stranger (strangers)
The teacher called the police when she saw a stranger in the school yard.
24
Q
024
to contrast
(contrasted / contrasted)
A
(相違をはっきりさせるために)
対照する, 対比する
to contrast (contrasted / contrasted)
She contrasted her new teacher with her teacher last year.
25
# 025
to retell
(retold / retold)
再び語る
| to retell (retold / retold)
## Footnote
Jane often retells the story about her trip to Disneyland.
26
# 026
tough
難しい、硬い
| tough
## Footnote
Although the test was tought, he got a good grade.
27
# 027
invitation
招待, 誘い
| invitation
## Footnote
Sarah received an invitation to her friend's party.
28
# 028
various
いろいろ
| various
## Footnote
She has various maps of the world.
29
# 029
opinion
(opinions)
意見
| opinion (opinions)
## Footnote
What is your opinion of the movie?
30
# 030
author
(authors)
作家
| author (authors)
## Footnote
Jane wants to become an author when she grows up.
31
# 031
healthy
健康
| healthy
## Footnote
It is very healthy to eat fruit
32
# 032
might
かもしらない
| might
## Footnote
We might go skiing next year.
33
# 033
to receive
(received / received)
もらう
| to receive (received / received)
## Footnote
Megan received a new computer for Christmas.
34
# 034
to enter
(entered / entered)
入る
| to enter (entered / entered)
## Footnote
They entered school at the same time.
35
# 035
president
(presidents)
大統領
| president (presidents)
## Footnote
The U.S. President will visit Japan next month.
36
# 036
piece
(pieces)
一部
| piece (pieces)
## Footnote
He ate one piece of the pizza for lunch.
37
# 037
structure
(structures)
構造
| structure (structures)
## Footnote
He wants to study the structure of the city
38
# 038
sequence
(sequences)
順序, 順, 次第
| sequence (sequences)
## Footnote
You must be careful about the sequence of steps in the recipe.
39
# 039
delivery
配達
| delivery
## Footnote
The delivery person put the box on the front porch.
40
# 040
volcano
(volcanos)
火山
| volcano (volcanos)
## Footnote
I do not want to live on this island because there are many volcanos.
41
# 041
thief
(thieves)
泥ぼ
| thief (thieves)
## Footnote
A thief stole my wallet from the hotel room.
42
# 042
garbage
ゴミ
| garbage
## Footnote
We spent Sunday picking up garbage at the beach.
43
# 043
problem
(problems)
問題
| problem (problems)
## Footnote
There are many problems with their plan.
44
# 044
diagram
(diagrams)
図形, 図
| diagram (diagrams)
## Footnote
Mark drew a diagram for his report.
45
# 045
underground
地下の
| underground
## Footnote
Many animals live underground.
46
# 046
muscle
(muscles)
筋肉
| muscle (muscles)
## Footnote
After playing tennis for three hours, her muscles hurt for several days.
47
# 047
fabric
(fabrics)
織物, 生地
| fabric, (fabrics)
## Footnote
She does not like this fabric because it is very rough.
48
# 048
passage
(passages)
一節
| passage (passages)
## Footnote
We read the passage several times.
49
# 049
to rescue
(rescued / rescured)
救助する
| to rescue (rescued / rescured)
## Footnote
Manny rescued the dog from the pool.
50
# 050
fence
(fences)
柵
| fence (fences)
## Footnote
There is a fence around the pool so children do not fall in the pool.
51
# 051
nephew
(nephews)
甥
| nephew (nephews)
## Footnote
When Sam's sister was sick, he would pick up his nephew from school.
52
# 052
backyard
(backyards)
裏庭
| backyard (backyards)
## Footnote
The children played in the backyard all day.
53
# 053
to pay
(paid / paid)
払う
| to pay (paid / paid)
## Footnote
Sarash paid fifty dollars for the sweater.
54
# 054
to laugh
(laughed / laughed)
笑う
| to laugh (laughed / laughed)
## Footnote
The children laughed when the teacher fell in the pool.
55
# 055
shovel
(shovels)
ショベル
| shovel (shovels)
## Footnote
We used a shovel to dig the hole.
56
# 056
curve
(curves)
曲線
| curve (curves)
## Footnote
She drew a curve that connects two points.
57
# 057
instead
代わりに
| instead
## Footnote
Instead of John, Beth wrote the report.
58
# 055
rude
無作法な, 行儀の悪い
| rude
## Footnote
The rude students talked to each other during the movie.
59
# 059
to retell
(retold / retold)
再び語る
| to retell (retold / retold)
## Footnote
Omar retold the story to his friends who were not at the party.
60
# 060
loud
音が大きい
| loud
## Footnote
The sound is very loud.
61
# 061
pond
(ponds)
池
| pond (ponds)
## Footnote
He feel in the water when they were playing near the pond.
62
# 062
slippery
つるつるの
| slippery
## Footnote
He could not hold the rock because it was slippery.
63
# 063
habitat
(habitats)
生息地
| habitat (habitats)
## Footnote
I like to see animals in their natural habitat.
64
# 064
to curl up with
(curled / curled)
sthを抱えて丸くなる
| to curl up with (curled / curled)
## Footnote
He curled up with his pillow and watched TV.
65
# 065
couch
(couches)
ソファー
| couch (couches)
## Footnote
She sat on the couch and read a book.
66
# 063
lonely
さびしい
| lonely
## Footnote
The little girl was lonely because her friends were not there.
67
# 064
shape
(shapes)
形
| shape (shapes)
## Footnote
He drew many different shapes on the paper.
68
# 068
tear
(tears)
涙
| tear (tears)
## Footnote
I saw tears in her eyes when I told her the dog died.
69
# 069
to smile
(smiled / smiled)
笑顔を見せる
| to smile (smiled / smiled)
## Footnote
The policemen smiled at the little girl.
70
# 070
empty
空
| empty
## Footnote
Belle put her books in the empty box.
71
# 071
to shout
(shouted / shouted)
叫ぶ
| to shout (shouted / shouted)
## Footnote
The children shouted when they saw Santa Claus.
72
# 069
bored
退屈する
| bored
## Footnote
She was bored watching the movie since she has watched it three times.
73
# 070
busy
忙しい
| busy
## Footnote
Megan could not play because she was busy studying.
74
# 074
barn (barns)
納屋
| barn (barns)
## Footnote
He parked the tractor in the barn.
75
# 75
to repeat
(repeated / repeated)
(1) 繰り返して言う
(2) 反復する
| to repeat (repeated / repeated)
## Footnote
The teacher repeated her explanation because the students did not hear it
76
# 076
just
～したばかり
| just
## Footnote
Daniel does not want to talk because he just woke up.
77
# 077
hard work
勤勉
| hard work
## Footnote
It takes hard work to become good at an instrument
78
# 078
hairy
手深い
| hairy
## Footnote
Cindy saw a very hairy person at the pool.
79
# 079
sharp
鋭い
| sharp
## Footnote
John needed a sharp knife to cut the apple
80
# 080
to damage sth
sthに損害を与える
| to damage sth
## Footnote
He damaged his bicycle when he hit the wall.
81
# 081
frostbite
しもやけ, 凍傷
| frostbite
## Footnote
You need to wear gloves to prevent frostbite
82
# 082
rescue (rescues)
救助
| rescue (rescues)
## Footnote
He read about the rescue of bears from the fire.
83
# 083
sound (sounds)
音
| sound (sounds)
## Footnote
We heard a strange sound outside.
84
# 080
search (searches)
捜索
| search (searches)
## Footnote
They helped with the search for the tiger.
85
# 085
log (logs)
丸太
| log (logs)
## Footnote
The house is made from logs.
86
# 086
to get rid of (got / gotten)
駆除する
| to get rid of (got / gotten)
## Footnote
We need to get rid of the bees in the garden.
87
# 085
pest (pests)
害虫
| pest (pests)
## Footnote
She does not want to sleep in the room because she saw many pests in it.
88
# 088
to paint (painted / painted)
ペンキを塗る
| to paint (painted / painted)
## Footnote
She painted her room purple.
89
# 089
art
美術
| art
## Footnote
His favorite class at school is art.
90
# 090
to get an idea (got / got)
思い付く
| to get an idea (got / got)
## Footnote
He got an idea of how to learn French.
91
# 091
to pay (paid / paid)
払う
| to pay (paid / paid)
## Footnote
Daniel paid twenty dollars for the meal.
92
# 092
rude
行儀の悪い
| rude
## Footnote
In the U.S., it is rude to talk with food in your mouth.
93
# 093
beginning
初めの部分
| beginning
## Footnote
He read the beginning of the story three times.
94
# 094
hard work
勤勉
| hard work
## Footnote
It takes hard work to learn a new language.
95
# 095
slippery
つるつるの
| slippery
## Footnote
He could not hold the rock because it was slippery.
96
# 096
especially
特に
| especially
## Footnote
Victor often studies but studies especially hard before a test.
97
# 098
oxygen
酸素
| oxygen
## Footnote
People need oxygen to live
98
# 097
setback
挫折, 敗北
| setback
## Footnote
Liam had many setbacks before he found a good job.
99
# 099
hydrogen
水素
| hydrogen
## Footnote
Some cars use hydrogen.
100
# 100
burrow
(borrows)
(ウサギ･キツネ･モグラなどの掘った)穴
| burrow (borrows)
## Footnote
The little boy found a rabbit burrow in the field.
101
# 101
paw
(paws)
{犬･猫などの}かぎづめのある足,
{広く}動物の足
| paw (paws)
## Footnote
The dog’s paw was hurt in the fire.
102
# 102
to treat
(treated / treated)
扱う
| to treat (treated / treated)
## Footnote
Sophia treats her nephew like her own son.
103
# 103
to share
(shared / shared)
分ける、共用する
| to share (shared / shared)
## Footnote
Megan forgot her lunch at home, but her friend shared her lunch with Megan.
104
# 104
disaster
(diasters)
(1) 災害
(2) 大失敗
| disaster (diasters)
## Footnote
His trip was a disaster, but he learned a lot.
105
# 105
favorite
気に入りの
| favorite
## Footnote
Her favorite movie is Star Wars.
106
# 106
precious
貴重
| precious
## Footnote
The watch Jack received from his father is his most precious possession.
107
# 107
prediction
(predictions)
予言, 予測, 予想
| prediction (predictions)
## Footnote
She made a prediction about who would win the game.
108
# 108
to cool
(cooled / cooled)
冷やす
| to cool (cooled / cooled)
## Footnote
He put ice into his drink to cool it.
109
# 109
hollow
空洞の
| hollow
## Footnote
This rock is extremely light because it is hollow.
110
# 110
valuable
有価の; 高価な; 貴重な
| valuable
## Footnote
Jack was very upset because he lost his valuable watch.
111
# 111
to create
(created / created)
創り出す
| to create (created / created)
## Footnote
Mary often likes to create new things with clay.
112
# 112
to measure
(measured / measured)
測る
| to measure (measured / measured)
## Footnote
Before making cookies, he will carefully measure the ingredients.
113
# 113
crowd
群集; 人込み
| crowd
## Footnote
There is a large crowd in front of the theater because the movies is very popular.
114
# 114
the country
田舎
| the country
## Footnote
He prefers to live in the country because it is very quiet.
115
# 115
employee
(employees)
社員, 雇人, 従業員.
| employee (employees)
## Footnote
The company has only twenty employees.
116
# 116
to divorce
(divorced / divorced)
離婚する
| divorce (divorced / divorced)
## Footnote
Martha did not know that her parents divorced.
117
# 111
to ruin
(ruined / ruined)
台無しにする
| to ruin (ruined / ruined)
## Footnote
They planned to go shopping but the rain ruined their plans.
118
# 118
possession
(possessions)
所有物
| possession (possessions)
## Footnote
All his possessions were destroyed in the fire.
119
# 119
distracted
心を取り乱した
| distracted
## Footnote
He was too distracted to study for the test.
120
# 120
scared
こわい
| scared
## Footnote
Eva is scared of her new teacher.
121
# 121
to save the day
(saved / saved)
窮地・困難から救う
| to save the day (saved / saved)
## Footnote
Mary forgot her homework, but her dad saved the day by bringing her homework to school.
122
# 122
hideout
(hideouts)
隠れ家
| hideout (hideouts)
## Footnote
The robbers found a new hideout.
123
# 123
to stop working
(stopped / stopped)
動くなくなる
| to stop working (stopped / stopped)
## Footnote
The refrigerator stopped working during the storm.
124
# 124
to spray
(sprayed / sprayed)
吹きかける
| to spray (sprayed / sprayed)
## Footnote
On hot days, Kate sprays water on the plants early in the morning.
125
# 125
directions
指示
| directions
## Footnote
You must follow the directions when doing the experiment.
126
# 126
current
現在の, 今の
| current
## Footnote
I met the current president when I went to the museu.
127
# 127
decision
(decisions)
決意, 決断
| decision (decisions)
## Footnote
The will make a decision in the near future.
128
# 128
to shake
(shook / shaken)
揺さぶる
| to shake (shook / shaken)
## Footnote
Mary was scared when her friends shook the tree she was in.
129
# 129
head
(heads)
頭
| head (heads)
## Footnote
Tom hit his head against the wall.
130
# 130
hardly
ほとんど～ない
| hardly
## Footnote
During summer, he hardly watches TV because he is always playing with his friends.
131
# 131
just
～したばかり
| just
## Footnote
Daniel does not want to talk because he just woke up.
132
# 132
sharp
鋭い
| sharp
## Footnote
John needed a sharp knife to cut the apple.
133
# 123
scared
こわい
| scared
## Footnote
She does not like going jogging at night because she is scared of the dark.
134
# 134
proud
自慢にする
| proud
## Footnote
She was proud because she did well on the test.
135
# 135
carefully
慎重に, 丁寧に
| carefully
## Footnote
She does not like going jogging at night because she is scared of the dark.
136
# 136
setting
(settings)
情景
| setting (settings)
## Footnote
The setting of the story is a high school in a large city.
137
# 137
building
(buildings)
建物
| building (buildings)
## Footnote
Our office is in the new building near the station.
138
# 138
to sweep
(swept / swept)
ほうきで掃く
| to sweep (swept / swept)
## Footnote
Keith will sweep the front porch this afternoon.
139
# 137
curb
(curbs)
縁石
| curb (curbs)
## Footnote
He parked the car near the curb.
140
# 140
cloud
(clouds)
雲
| cloud (clouds)
## Footnote
Sadie likes to lie on the grass and watch the clouds float by.
141
# 141
to crawl
(crawled / crawled)
はう, 腹ばって行く
| to crawl (crawled / crawled)
## Footnote
The baby crawled to the cat and started playing with it.
142
# 142
hardworking
勤勉な, 働き者の
| hardworking
## Footnote
The hardworking scientist conducts experiments even on weekends.
143
# 143
to breathe
(breathed / breathed)
呼吸する; 息を吐く
| to breathe (breathed / breathed)
## Footnote
When you are excited, you should breathe deeply to calm down.
144
# 144
ocean
(oceans)
海
| ocean (oceans)
## Footnote
Emily lives near the ocean because she likes to surf.
145
# 145
cell
(cells)
細胞
| cell (cells)
## Footnote
There are many cells in the body.
146
# 146
tiny
小さい
| tiny
## Footnote
They live in a tiny house near the park.
147
# 147
heavy
重い
| heavy
## Footnote
Ben could not carry the heavy box up the stairs.
148
# 148
safety
安全
| safety
## Footnote
Safety is important at factories.
149
# 149
to steer
(steered / steered)
操縦する
| to steer (steered / steered)
## Footnote
They tried to steer the boat to the rocks near the bridge.
150
# 150
vent
(vents)
抜け口
| vent (vents)
## Footnote
There are two vents in the room so air can get out.
151
# 151
to chase
(chased / chase)
追う
| to chase (chased / chase)
## Footnote
The policeman chased the thief into the store.
152
# 152
human
(humans)
人間
| human (humans)
## Footnote
Humans have never visited Mars.
153
# 153
to contain
(contained / contained)
含む
| to contain (contained / contained)
## Footnote
You should not drink too much of this because it contains a lot of sugar.
154
# 154
grain
(grains)
穀物
| grain (grains)
## Footnote
They sent the grain to the city.
155
# 155
cabin
(cabins)
小屋
| cabin (cabins)
## Footnote
We stayed at the cabin in the woods during summer vacation.
156
# 156
snowflake
(snowflakes)
雪片
| snowflake (snowflakes)
## Footnote
She likes to let snowflakes fall on her tongue and then eat them.
157
# 157
capital city
(capital cities)
首都
| capital city (capital cities)
## Footnote
Tokyo is the capital city of Japan.
158
# 158
tropical
熱帯(地方)の
| tropical
## Footnote
Kevin has many tropical plants in his house.
159
# 159
rainforest
(rainforests)
雨林
| rainforest (rainforests)
## Footnote
He is studying the animals that live in the rainforest.
160
# 160
layer
(layers)
層
| layer (layers)
## Footnote
He likes this cake because it has three layers.
161
# 161
strange
妙な, 不思議な, 予想外の
| strange
## Footnote
The watched a strange movie last night.
162
# 162
pollen
花粉
| pollen
## Footnote
Bees are important because they carry pollen to flowers.
163
# 163
numerous
非常に多くの
| numerous
## Footnote
Numerous hotel guests left the hotel because of the fire.
164
# 164
whole
全体の, すべての, 全…
| whole
## Footnote
Lydia ate the whole pie before her family got home.
165
# 165
patio
(patios)
テラス
| patio (patios)
## Footnote
Jane’s family likes to have a barbecue on the patio during summer.
166
# 166
to chomp
(chomped / chomped)
ものをかむ
| to chomp (chomped / chomped)
## Footnote
She chomped her hamburger.
167
# 167
Mars
火星
| Mars
## Footnote
With a good telescope, you can see Mars in the evening.
168
# 168
diagonal
斜めの
| diagonal
## Footnote
The diagonal line connects the red dot and blue dot.
169
# 169
to erase
(erased / erased)
消す
| to erase (erased / erased)
## Footnote
Cindy erased the wrong answer on her test.
170
# 170
to heal
(healed / healed)
治る
| to heal (healed / healed)
## Footnote
It took one week for the cut to heal.
171
# 171
body
(bodies)
体
| body (bodies)
## Footnote
Mary is very good at drawing bodies.
172
# 172
environment
環境
| environment
## Footnote
It is everyone's responsibility to protect the environment.
173
# 173
to throw away
(threw, thrown)
捨てる, 処分する
| throw away (threw, thrown)
## Footnote
Jack's mother has happy to see that he threw away the games he does not play.
174
# 174
to bury
(buried / buried)
埋める
| to bury (buried / buried)
## Footnote
The family buried the dead bird in the backyard.
175
# 175
to produce
(produced / produced)
生産する
| to produce (produced / produced)
## Footnote
Japan produces many cars and exports them to other countries.
176
# 176
product
(products)
製品
| product (products)
## Footnote
The company sells many products in China.
177
# 177
novel
(novels)
小説
| novel (novels)
## Footnote
Mohammad read two novels last month.
178
# 178
Earth
地球
| Earth
## Footnote
Earth is the third planet from the sun.
179
# 179
to drive away
(drove / driven)
追い払う
| to drive away (drove / driven)
## Footnote
The manager drove away the children standing in front of the store.
180
# 176
broken
こわれた
| broken
## Footnote
He took the broken TV to the store to get repaired.
181
# 181
to startle
(startled / startled)
びっくりさせる,
ぎょっとさせる
| to startle (startled / startled)
## Footnote
I was startled by the news.
182
# 182
to caution
(cautioned / cautioned)
警告する, 注意する
| to caution (cautioned / cautioned)
## Footnote
The policemen cautioned people not to go outside because a bear was seen.
183
# 176
immediately
直ぐ
| immediately
## Footnote
When John woke up, he immediately looked outside to see if it was snowing.
184
# 184
without
なし
| without
## Footnote
He went to the school without his backpack.
185
# 176
to howl
(howled / howled)
わめく
| to howl (howled / howled)
## Footnote
He howled when he heard that he failed the test.
186
# 186
shape (shapes)
形
| shape (shapes)
## Footnote
He drew many different shapes on the paper.
187
# 187
warm
暖かい
| warm
## Footnote
She likes to play tennis on warm days.
188
# 188
tear (tears)
涙
| tear (tears)
## Footnote
I saw tears in her eyes when I told her the dog died.
189
# 189
to be sure (was / been)
確かだ
| to be sure (was / been)
## Footnote
He is sure Mary took his drink.
190
# 190
cause (causes)
原因
| cause (causes)
## Footnote
The firefighters are looking for the cause of the fire.
191
# 191
effect (effects)
結果
| effect (effects)
## Footnote
The accident had a large effect on the students.
192
# 192
busy
忙しい
| busy
## Footnote
Megan could not play because she was busy studying.
193
# 193
hose
(hoses)
ホース
| hose (hoses)
## Footnote
Leo used a hose to wash the car.
194
# 194
paper scraps
紙くず
| paper scraps
## Footnote
After everyone opened their presents, Beth had to clean up the paper scraps.
195
# 195
smoke
けむり
| smoke
## Footnote
We called the fire department when we saw smoke come out of the neighbor’s house.
196
# 196
already
もう、すでに
| already
## Footnote
When John got home, his sister had ready eaten dinner.
197
# 197
to leave behind
(left / left)
残す
| to leave behind (left / left)
## Footnote
He left the newspaper behind at the cafe.
198
# 198
to orbit
(orbited / orbited)
軌道に乗っている
| to orbit (orbited /orbited)
## Footnote
The moon orbits the Earth.
199
# 199
to approach sth
(approached / approached)
近づく
| to approach sth (approached / approached)
## Footnote
As the people approached the concert hall, they started to yell the name of the bank.
200
# 200
to purr
(purred / purred)
{猫などが} ゴロゴロとのどを鳴らす
| to purr (purred / purred)
## Footnote
When the cat found a warm spot, he lay down and purred.
201
# 201
to spring to life
(sprang, sprung)
急に活気を見せる
| to spring to life (sprang, sprung)
## Footnote
Martha sprang to life when her mother entered the room.
202
# 202
restless
落ち着かない, そわそわした, せかせかした
| restless
## Footnote
The restless little girl could not sit down for only five minutes.
203
# 203
to nuzzle
(nuzzled / nuzzled)
鼻をすりつける[押しつける]
| to nuzzle (nuzzled / nuzzled)
## Footnote
The pup nuzzled up close to the boy.
204
# 204
to trot
(trotted / trotted)
速足で行く
| to trot (trotted / trotted)
## Footnote
He trotted over to the counter to buy the tickets.
205
# 205
scent
(scents)
匂い; 香り
| scent (scents)
## Footnote
Alex loves the scent of roses in the morning.
