Vocabulary Flashcards
What are 1000 calories; sometimes written as calorie or kcal
Kilocalorie
The measurement of the basal metabolic rate extrapolated to 24 hours
Basal energy expenditure
The increase in energy expenditure associated with the processes of digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food
Thermic effect of food
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 ml of water at 15° C by 1° C
Calorie
The measurement of energy in terms of mechanical work
Joule
The ratio of moles of carbon dioxide produced per moles of oxygen consumed
Respiratory quotient
A portion of the thermic effect of food; “excess” energy expended in addition to obligatory thermogenesis
Facultative thermogenesis
The energy expended for the maintenance of normal body functions and homeostasis; 10% to 20% higher than basal metabolic rate
Resting metabolic rate
The sum of the basal energy expenditure, activity thermogenesis, and the thermic effect of food; daily total energy expended in 24 hours
Total energy expenditure
The average dietary energy intake that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined age, gender, weight, height, and level of physical activity
Estimated energy requirement
A measurement of the resting metabolic rate extrapolated to 24 hours
Resting energy expenditure
The energy expended during active exercise such as fitness and sports exercise and the energy expended during activities of daily living
Activity thermogenesis (AT)
The measure of caloric expenditure by the amount of oxygen consumed per minute per kilogram of body weight
Metabolic equivalents (METs)
The energy required to digest, absorb, and metabolize nutrients; a portion of the thermic effect of food
Obligatory thermogenesis
The energy needed to sustain the metabolic activities of cells and tissues and to maintain circulatory, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and renal processes
Basal metabolic rate
