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History Finals Fall 2019 > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Secular

A

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

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2
Q

Perspective

A

an artistic technique that creates the appearance of three dimensions on a flat surface

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3
Q

Theocracy

A

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god

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4
Q

Predestination

A

the doctrine that God has decided all the things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved

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5
Q

Humanism

A

Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements

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6
Q

Indulgence

A

a grant by the Pope of remission of the temporal punishment in purgatory still due for sin after absolution

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7
Q

Denomination

A

a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian church

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8
Q

Excommunication

A

the action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian church

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9
Q

Philip II

A

King of Spain, Portugal, and Sicily and jure uxoris King of England and Duke of Milan

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10
Q

Absolute Monarch

A

a form of monarchy in which the monarch holds supreme autocratic authority, principally not being restricted by written laws, legislature, or customs

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11
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

granted Calvinist Protestants of France substantial rights

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12
Q

Cardinal Richelieu

A

French clergyman and statesman

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13
Q

Louis XIV

A

was the King of France

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14
Q

War of the Spanish Succession

A

a European conflict of the early 18th century

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15
Q

Thirty Years War

A

a war fought in central Europe from 1618 to 1648

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16
Q

Seven Years War

A

global war fought between 1756 to 1763

17
Q

Ivan the Terrible

A

was the grand prince of Russia from 1533 to 1547

18
Q

Peter the Great

A

ruled the tsardom of Russia

19
Q

English Civil War

A

series of civil war between the Parliamentarians and Royalists

20
Q

Habeas Corpus

A

a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person’s release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention

21
Q

Glorious Revolution

A

when William of Orange took the English throne from James II

22
Q

Constitutional Monarchy

A

a form of government in which a non-elected monarch functions as head of states withing the limits of a constitution

23
Q

Palace of Versailles

A

was the principal royal residence of France

24
Q

Mercantilism

A

belief in the benefits of profitable trading

25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

trading networks where slaves and other goods were exchanged between countries

26
Q

Colony

A

land controlled by another nation

27
Q

Middle Passage

A

voyage that brought captured Africans to the west indies and later to the Americas to be sold as slaves

28
Q

Conquistador

A

the Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters part of the quest of the Americas in the 16th century

29
Q

Guerilla

A

a member of the loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacks on enemy troops occupying his or her country

30
Q

Social Contract

A

the agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government

31
Q

Blockade

A

the use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering or leaving a city or region

32
Q

Philosopher

A

one of a group of social thinkers in France during the Enlightenment

33
Q

Salon

A

a social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in homes of wealthy women in Paris and other European cities during the Enlightenment

34
Q

Guillotine

A

a machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution

35
Q

Coup d’ etat

A

overthrow/takeover

History Finals Fall 2019 (9 decks)

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