Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient’s consent and without making provisions for transferring care to another medical professional with skills and training necessary to meet the needs of the patient.

A

Abandonment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion and excretion. It is located below the diaphragm and above the pelvis

A

Abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A rapidly fatal condition in which the walls of the aorta in the abdomen weaken and blood leaks into the layers of the vessel, causing it to bulge

A

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm also known as (AAA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Airway, Breathing and Circulation

A

ABC’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of the pain or injury: RUQ right upper quadrant, LUQ left upper quadrant, RLQ right lower quadrant, LLQ left lower quadrant.

A

Abdominal quadrants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Spontaneous (miscarriage) or induced termination of pregnancy

A

Abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface; a scratch or scrape

A

Abrasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The preferred method to dislodge a severe airway obstruction in adults and children; also called the Heimlich maneuver.

A

Abdominal-thrust maneuver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Motion of a limb away from the midline.

A

Abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A condition in which the placenta separates from the Uterine wall; a cause of pre-birth bleeding

A

Abruptio Placentae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The process by which medications or poisons pass through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gaining access to an enclosed area and reaching a patient

A

Access

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The secondary muscles of respiration. This may include the neck muscles, chest muscles and the abdominal muscles.

A

Accessory Muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint

A

Acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A pathologic condition that results from the accumulation of acids in the blood and body tissues

A

Acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder

A

Acromioclavicular Joint (AC Joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body

A

Action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

An oral medication that binds and absorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses

A

Activated Charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A technique that involves compressing the chest and then actively pulling it back up to its neutral position or beyond (decompression)

A

CPR- Active compression-decompression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Application of an external heat source to rewarm the body of a hypothermic patient

A

Active rewarming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A condition of sudden onset of pain within the abdomen, usually indicating peritonitis.

A

Acute abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A blanket term used to represent any symptoms related to the, lack of Oxygen, (ischemia) in the heart muscle also called cardiac compromise

A

Acute Coronary syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A heart attack; death of heart muscle following obstruction to it; in this context the attack is new or happening right now

A

Acute Myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A firm prominence of cartilage that forms the upper part of the larynx. It is more prominent in men than women. It is also called the Thyroid cartilage

A

Adam’s apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue to use a substance.

A

Addiction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Motion of a limb “toward” the midline

A

Adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store energy

A

Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Children between the ages of 13 to 18 years

A

Adolescents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Endocrine glands located at the top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system

A

Adrenal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline; also pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine

A

Adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The process of binding or sticking to a surface

A

Adsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Root word for Heart?

A

CARDI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Root word for Liver?

A

Hepat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Root word for Kidney?

A

Nephr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Root word for nerves?

A

Neur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Root word for Mind?

A

Psych

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Root word for chest?

A

Thorac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What does the prefix “Hyper” stand for?

A

Over, excessive, high example- Hyperventilation fast respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What does the prefix “Hypo” stand for?

A

under, below normal example Hypothermia- low temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What does the prefix “Tachy” stand for?

A

rapid, fast example Tachycardia- fast heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What does the prefix “Brady” stand for?

A

slow example Bradypnea- slow breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What does the prefix “PRE” stand for?

A

before example prenatal before birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What does the prefix “Post” stand for?

A

after, behind example postsurgical- after surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “al”?

A

pertaining to example- syncopal- pertaining to the loss of conciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “algia”?

A

pertaining to pain- example- Myalgia- muscle pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “ectomy”?

A

surgical removal of- example appendectomy- surgical removal of appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “ic”?

A

pertaining to - example- Diaphoretic- pertaining to sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “itis”

A

inflammation- example- epiglottitis- inflammation of the epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “logy”?

A

study of- example- cardiology study of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “logist”?

A

specialist- example pulmonologist, specialist in diseases of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “megally”?

A

enlargement- example cardiomegaly, enlargement of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “Meter”?

A

measuring instrument- example sphygmomanometer, instrument to measure blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “oma”?

A

tumor (usually referring to cancer)- example Lymphoma, cancer of the lymphatic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What is the meaning of the suffix “pathy”?

A

disease- example- nephropathy, disease of the kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “semi”?

A

Half or partial- example semiconscious, partially concious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “Hemi”?

A

Half, one sided- example- Hemiplegia, paralysis of one side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “Ambi”?

A

Both- example- Ambidextrous, able to use either hand equally well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “Pan”?

A

All, entire- example- Pandemic, an epidemic over a wide area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What does the root word “cyan’ describe?

A

Blue- example- Cyanosis, blue discoloration of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What does the root word “leuk/o” describe?

A

White- example- Leukocyte, white blood cells that fight infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What does the root word “erythr/o describe?

A

Red- example- erythrocyte, red blood cells that carry hemoglobin to carry oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What does the root word “cirrh/o describe?

A

yellow-orange- example- cirrhosis, inflammation of the liver causing yellow orange pigmentation of the skin/eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What does the root word “melan/o?

A

Black- example- Melana, black tarry stool typically caused by upper GI bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What does the root word “alb”?

A

White- example- Albino, a person lacking skin pigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “ab”?

A

away, from- example abduction, away from the point of reference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “ad”?

A

to, toward- example- adduction, toward the center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “de”?

A

down from, away- example- decay, to waste away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “circum”?

A

around, about- example- circumferential burn, a burn around the entire area (arm, chest, abdomen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “peri”?

A

around- example- pericardium, the sac around the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “trans”?

A

across- example- Transverse colon, the middle part of the large intestine, passing across the abdomen from right to left below the stomach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “EPI”?

A

Above, upon, on- example- Epigatsric, above or over the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “supra”?

A

above, over- example- supraventricular tachycardia, An abnormally fast heart rhythm arising from improper electrical activity in the upper part of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “retro”?

A

behind- example- retroperitoneal, the area behind the peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “sub”?

A

under, beneath- example, subcutaneous, the lowest level of skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “infra”?

A

below, under- example- infraclavicular, situated or occurring below the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “para”?

A

near, beside, beyond, apart from- example paraplegia, involving impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “contra”?

A

against, opposite- example- contraindicated, something that is not indicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “ecto”?

A

out, outside- example- ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “endo”?

A

within- example- endoscopy, examining inside someone’s body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “extra”?

A

outside, in addition- example- extraneous, outside the organism and not belonging to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “intra”?

A

Inside, within- example- intraosseous infusion, injecting directly into the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “ipsi”?

A

same- example ipsilateral, on or affecting the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

The Nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store energy?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Children between the ages of 12 and 18 years of age

A

Adolescents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Endocrine glands located at the top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

A

Adrenal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline; also pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine.

A

Adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

To bind or stick to a surface

A

AdsorptionReasoning example: many medications bind with activated charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Written documentation that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient should the patient become unable to make decisions; also called a living will or health care directive

A

Advance Directive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

An individual who has trained in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as IV therapy, and the administration of certain emergency medications

A

Advanced EMT (AEMT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Advanced life saving procedures, including cardiac monitoring, administration of IV fluids and medications and the use of advanced airway adjuncts

A

Advanced Life Support (ALS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Abnormal breath sounds such as wheezing, stridor, rhonchi, and crackles

A

Adventitious breath sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.

A

Aerobic metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

The force or resistance against which the heart pumps

A

Afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped; seen in dying patients

A

Agonal respirations (GASPS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors

A

Agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

The presence of air bubbles in the veins, which can lead to cardiac arrest if they enter the heart

A

Air Embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust

A

Airborne transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

The buildup of excess base (lack of acids) in the body fluids

A

Alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

A type of energy that is emitted from a strong radiological source; it is the least harmful penetrating type of radiation and cannot travel more than a few inches or penetrate most objects

A

Alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause constriction of the blood vessels

A

Alpha-adrenergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Any deviation from alert and oriented to person, place, time and event, or any deviation from the patients normal baseline mental status, may signal disease in the central nervous system or elsewhere in the body.

A

Altered Mental status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place

A

Alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

The temperature of the surrounding environment

A

Ambient temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

The fluid filled baglike membrane in which the fetus develops

A

Amniotic sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed

A

Amputation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main product of lactic acid

A

Anaerobic metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction

A

Anaphylactic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

An extreme life, threatening system, allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure

A

Anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

The position of reference in which the patient stands facing forward, arms at the side, with the palms of the hands forward

A

Anatomic position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

Describes a condition in which the patient has too few red blood cells, resulting in a decreased ability to transport oxygen throughout the body via the bloodstream

A

Anemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

An abnormal enlargement of the wall of a blood vessel that results from the weakening of the vessel wall

A

Aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

Transient (short lived) chest discomfort caused by partial or temporary blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle

A

Angina pectoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

Localized areas of swelling beneath the skin, often around the eyes and lips, but can also involve other areas as well

A

Angioedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

Naturally occurring uneven pupil size

A

Anisocoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications

A

Antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

The front surface of the body; the side facing you in the standard anatomic position

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

A serum that counteracts the effect of venom from an animal or insect

A

Antivenin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

The main artery leaving the left side of the heart, which receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body

A

Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

A weakness in the wall of the aorta that makes it susceptible to rupture

A

Aortic aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

The one way valve that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta and keeps blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after the left ventricle ejects its blood into the aorta; one of four heart valves

A

Aortic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

A scoring system for assessing the status of a newborn that assigns a number value to each of 5 areas

A

Apgar score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

the inability to understand or produce speech

A

Aphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

Absence of spontaneous breathing- (Respiratory arrest)

A

Apnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

Inflammation or infection of the appendix

A

Appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

a small tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of the cecum in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen

A

Appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

The manner in which principles of ethics are incorporated into professional conduct

A

Applied ethics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

The smallest branches of the arteries leading to a vast network of capillaries

A

Arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

A disease that causes the arteries to thicken, harden and calcify

A

Arteriosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

A blood vessel, consisting of 3 layers of tissue and smooth muscle, that carries blood away from the heart

A

Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

Fluid in the abdomen

A

Ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

A tracing on the ECG that is a result of interference such as patient movement

A

Artifact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

A technique that help ensure pathogens are not introduced anywhere in the procedure, achieved by sterilization of equipment, or use of antiseptics or disinfectants; often used for fast, invasive procedures such as starting an IV line

A

Aseptic technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

In the context of airway, the introduction of vomitus or other foreign material in the lungs

A

Aspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory ( reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping)

A

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

Unlawfully placing a patient in fear of bodily harm

A

Assault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

An acute spasm of the smaller air passages, called bronchioles, associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucus lining of the respiratory passages

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

The complete absence of heart electrical activity

A

Asystole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

Irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern

A

Ataxic respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

Collapse of the alveolar air spaces in the lungs

A

Atelectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, eventually leading to a partial or complete blockage of blood flow

A

Atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

One of two (right and left) upper chambers of the heart. The right ___ receives blood from the vena cava and delivers it to the right ventricle. The left ___ receives blood from pulmonary veins and delivers it to the left ventricle

A

Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

A sensation experienced before a seizure; serves as a warning sign that a seizure is about to occur

A

Aura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

To listen to sounds within an organ with a stethoscope

A

Auscultate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

A device that detects life threatening cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia) and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient

A

Automated external defibrillator (AED)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract without stimulation from the nervous system

A

Automaticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food

A

Autonomic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

A method of assessing the level of consciousness by determining whether the patient is awake and alert, responsive to verbal stimuli or pain, or unresponsive

A

AVPU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap

A

Avulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

Injuries in which load is applied along the vertical or longitudinal axis of the spine, which results in load being transmitted along the entire length of the vertebral column; for example, falling from a height and landing on the feet in an upright position

A

Axial loading injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

The part of the skeleton comprising the skull, spinal column and rib cage

A

Axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

B-NICE

A

A memory device to recall the types of weapons of mass destruction: Biological, nuclear, incendiary, chemical and explosive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

A device with a one way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen, it delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen

A

Bag-valve-mask (BVM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

A joint that allows internal and external rotation as well as bending

A

Ball-and-socket joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

A branch of medicine concerned with the management of obesity and allied diseases

A

Bariatrics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

Injury caused by pressure to enclosed body surfaces, for example. from too much pressure in the lungs

A

Barotrauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

A protective item, such as a pocket mask with a valve that limits exposure to a patients body fluids

A

Barrier device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

Noninvasive emergency lifesaving care that is used to treat medical conditions; including airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest

A

Basic Life support (BLS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

usually occur following diffuse impact to the head (such as falls, MVC); generally result from the linear fracture to the base of the skull. a fracture of the base of the skull, typically involving the temporal bone, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, and/or ethmoid bone.

A

Basilar Skull FractureSigns/Symptoms: Battle’s sign, Raccoon eyes, CSF cerebrospinal fluid from nose and ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

Unlawfully touching a patient or providing emergency care without consent

A

Battery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

Bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a skull fracture

A

Battle sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

How a person functions or acts in response to his/her environment

A

Behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

The point at which a person’s reactions to events interfere with activities of daily living; this becomes a psychiatric emergency when it causes a major life interruption, such as attempted suicide

A

Behavioral crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

A painful condition seen in divers who ascend too quickly, in which gas, especially nitrogen, forms bubbles in the blood vessels and other tissues; also called decompression sickness

A

Bends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

A type of energy that is emitted from a strong radiological source; is slightly more penetrating than alpha and requires a layer of clothing to stop it.

A

Beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause an increase in the force of the contraction of the heart, an increased heart rate, and bronchial dilation

A

Beta-adrenergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

The large muscle that covers the front of the humorous

A

Bicep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

A body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline

A

Bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

The ducts that convey bile between the liver and the intestine

A

Bile ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

Shipping papers used for transport of chemicals over roads and highways; also referred to as freight bolls

A

Bills of Lading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

The study of ethics related to issues that arise in health care

A

Bioethics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

What do the vagina and cervix form

A

Birth canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

To turn white

A

Blanche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

The pressure that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them

A

Blood Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A

Blood borne pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

A small amount of blood in the vagina that appears at the beginning of labor and may include a plug of pink tinged mucus that is discharged when the cervix begins to dilate

A

Bloody Show

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

A fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit

A

Blow-out fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
177
Q

An impact on the body by objects that cause injury without penetrating soft tissues or internal organs and cavities

A

Blunt trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
178
Q

The major vessel in the upper extremities that supplies blood to the arm

A

Brachial Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
179
Q

A slow heart rate less than 60 beats/per minute

A

Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
180
Q

Slow respiratory rate; in a child is an ominous sign that indicates impending respiratory arrest

A

Bradypnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
181
Q

The area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum, surrounded by the cerebellum; controls functions that are necessary for life such as respiration

A

Brain Stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
182
Q

Disclosure of information without proper authorization

A

Breach of confidentiality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
183
Q

An indication of air movement in the lungs, usually assessed with a stethoscope

A

Breath sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
184
Q

A delivery in which the buttocks or limb come out first

A

Breech presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
185
Q

Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli

A

Bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
186
Q

Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occur in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus

A

Bronchiolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
187
Q

An acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage lung tissue; usually associated with cough and production of sputum and, depending on its cause, sometimes fever

A

Bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
188
Q

Injuries in which soft tissue damage occurs as a result of thermal heat, friction heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation.

A

Burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
189
Q

The heel bone

A

Calcaneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
190
Q

The small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules; various substances pass through the capillary walls, into and out of interstitial fluid, and then on to the cells

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
191
Q

A test that evaluates distal circulatory system function by squeezing (blanching) blood from an area such as a nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure.

A

Capillary refill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
192
Q

A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patients ventilatory status, circulation and metabolism; efficiently measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time

A

Capnography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
193
Q

A waste product exhaled during respiration by the respiratory system

A

Carbon Dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
194
Q

When the heart fails to generate effective and detectable blood flow; pulses are not palpable

A

Cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
195
Q

A measure of the volume of blood circulated by the heart in 1 minute; calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate

A

Cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
196
Q

Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

A

Cardiac Tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
197
Q

A state to which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. Sometimes caused by damage to the heart by an acute MI

A

Cardiogenic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
198
Q

Point of which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right mainstem bronchi

A

Carina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
199
Q

The major vessel in the neck that supplies blood to the head and brain

A

Carotid Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
200
Q

The smooth connective tissue that forms the support structure of the skeletal system and provides cushioning between bones

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
201
Q

Clouding of the lens of the eye or its surrounding transparent membranes

A

Cataracts

202
Q

A phenomenon in which speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullets path

A

Cavitation

203
Q

The first part of the large intestine, into which the ileum opens

A

Cecum

204
Q

Composed of the brain and spinal cord

A

Central nervous system

205
Q

Pulses that are closest to the core part of the body where the vital organs are located; includes the carotid and femoral

A

Central pulses

206
Q

One of the three main subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the little brain; coordinates the various activities of the brain particularly fine body movements

A

Cerebellum

207
Q

Swelling of the brain

A

Cerebral Edema

208
Q

Fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges

A

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

209
Q

A interruption of the blood flow to the brain that results in the loss of brain function; also called a stroke

A

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

210
Q

The largest part of the three subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the gray matter, made up of several lobes that control movement, hearing, balance, speech, visual perception, emotions and personality

A

Cerebrum

211
Q

The portion of the spinal column containing the first seven vertebrae that lie in the neck

A

Cervical spine

212
Q

The lower third or neck of the uterus it is the narrowest portion of the uterus and opens into the vagina

A

Cervix

213
Q

They monitor the levels of O2, CO2 and the PH of the Cerebrospinal fluid and then provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body’s needs at a given time

A

Chemoreceptors

214
Q

The reason a patient called for help, also the patient’s response to the question “What’s wrong?

A

Chief complaint

215
Q

Inflammation of the gall bladder

A

Cholecystitis

216
Q

A slow process of dilation and disruption of the airways and alveoli caused by chronic bronchial obstruction

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

217
Q

The substance that leaves the stomach. It is a combination of all of the eaten foods with added stomach acids

A

Chyme

218
Q

The complex arrangement of connected tubes, including the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins that moves blood, oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and cellular waste throughout the body

A

Circulatory system

219
Q

Also known as the collar bone; it is lateral to the sternum and anterior to the scapula

A

Clavicle

220
Q

An injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken, usually caused by blunt trauma

A

Closed chest injury

221
Q

Questions that can be answered with yes or no answers

A

Close-ended questions

222
Q

The formation of a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel and stop bleeding

A

Coagulation

223
Q

The last 3 or 4 vertebrae of the spine; the tail bone

A

Coccyx

224
Q

A safe area in a haz-mat incident for the agencies involved in the incident; The incident commander, command post EMS providers and other support functions are located in this zone.

A

Cold Zone (green zone) (clean zone)

225
Q

A surgical procedure to create an opening between the colon and the surface of the bod

A

Colostomy

226
Q

A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of the persons heartbeat

A

Commotio Cordis

227
Q

The early stage of shock when the body continues to stabilize during blood loss

A

Compensated Shock

228
Q

A temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brains abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain

A

Concussion

229
Q

A disorder in which the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in a backup of fluid into the lungs

A

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

230
Q

The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye

A

Conjunctiva

231
Q

In the context of EMS, permission to render care

A

Consent

232
Q

An infectious disease that spreads from one human to another; communicable

A

Contagious

233
Q

A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress

A

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

234
Q

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm the patient

A

Contraindication

235
Q

A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin

A

Contusion

236
Q

The transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and iris of the eye

A

Cornea

237
Q

A brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and energy transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of the original impact

A

Coup- contrecoup brain injuryCoup injury is on the impact sideContrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of the impact

238
Q

Rattling breath sounds signaling fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; formerly called rales

A

Crackles

239
Q

A grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together; also air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly feeling

A

Crepitus

240
Q

An inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by a barking cough; usually seen in children

A

Croup

241
Q

The appearance of the fetus’s head at the vaginal opening during labor

A

Crowning

242
Q

When one person imposes his/her beliefs, values, and practices on another

A

Cultural imposition

243
Q

A blue-gray skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

A

Cyanosis

244
Q

The mnemonic for assessment in which each area of the body is evaluated for an injury

A

DCAP-BTLS Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations and Swelling

245
Q

The late stage of shock when the blood pressure is dropping

A

Decompensated shock

246
Q

Sores caused by the pressure of skin against a surface for long periods; can range from a pink discoloration of the skin to a deep wound that may invade into bone or organs

A

Decubitus UlcersAKA: Bed Sores

247
Q

The formation of a blood clot within the larger vessels of an extremity, typically following a period of prolonged immobilization

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

248
Q

The communication of false information about a person that is damaging to that persons reputation or standing in the community

A

Defamation

249
Q

A sudden change in mental status that is generally acute and reversible, characterized by disorientation, inability to focus, inattention, inability to think logically, striking changes in personality and affect, hallucinations or decreased level of consciousness

A

Delirium

250
Q

A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol

A

Delirium Tremens (DT’s)Characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation and seizures can be fatal if untreated

251
Q

The slow onset of progressive disorientation, shortened attention span, and loss of cognitive function

A

DementiaThis condition is generally chronic and irreversible

252
Q

Swelling in the part of the body closest to the ground, caused by collection of fluid in the tissues; a possible sign of congestive heart failure

A

Dependent edema

253
Q

Blood settling to the lowest point of the body, causing discoloration of the skin; a definitive sign of death

A

Dependent Lividity

254
Q

The inner layer of skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels

A

Dermis

255
Q

A metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize carbohydrates (sugar) is impaired

A

Diabetes Mellitus

256
Q

A form of hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

257
Q

Characterized by light or profuse sweating

A

Diaphoretic

258
Q

A muscular dome that forms the undersurface of the thorax, separating the chest from the abdomen

A

DiaphragmContraction of this (and the chest wall muscles) brings air into the lungs. Relaxation allows air to be expelled from the lungs

259
Q

The relaxation, or period of relaxation, of the heart, especially in the ventricles

A

Diastole

260
Q

The pressure that remains in the arteries during the relaxation phase of the hearts cycle

A

Diastolic pressureThis occurs when the ventricles are at rest

261
Q

A process in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

Diffusion

262
Q

Widening of a tubular or circular structure

A

DilationFor example the pupil or artery

263
Q

Disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact

A

Dislocation

264
Q

A condition in which the layers of an artery such as the aorta, become separated, allowing blood (at high pressure) to flow between the layers

A

Dissecting aneurism

265
Q

Further from the trunk of the body or nearer to the free end of an extremity

A

Distal

266
Q

An injury that prevents the patient from noticing other injuries he or she may have, even severe injuries

A

Distracting injury

267
Q

Shock in which there is a marked decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and consequent hypotension.

A

Distributive ShockExamples are septic shock, neurogenic shock, and anaphylactic shock.

268
Q

The posterior surface of the body including the back of the hand

A

Dorsal

269
Q

The artery on the anterior surface of the foot between the first and second metatarsals

A

Dorsalis pedis artery

270
Q

A type of advanced directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his/her behalf, in the event that the person making the appointment loses decision making capability

A

Durable power of attorney healthcare

271
Q

Slurred speech

A

Dysarthria

272
Q

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

273
Q

An irregular or abnormal heart rhythm

A

Dysrhythmia

274
Q

A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as the result of an injury

A

EcchymosisAlso known as a contusion or bruise

275
Q

Severe Hypertension in a pregnant woman, resulting in seizures (convulsions)

A

Eclampsia

276
Q

A pregnancy that develops outside the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube

A

Ectopic pregnancy

277
Q

The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluids between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area

A

Edema

278
Q

A person who is under the legal age in a given state but, because of other circumstances, is legally considered an adult

A

Emancipated minor

279
Q

A blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel where it causes a blockage

A

Embolus

280
Q

The early stage of development after the fertilization of the egg

A

Embryo

281
Q

Vomit

A

Emesis

282
Q

A disease of the lungs in which there is extreme dilation and eventual destruction of the pulmonary alveoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

EmphysemaIt is one form of COPD

283
Q

Glands that secrete or release chemicals that are used inside the body

A

Endocrine glands

284
Q

The complex message and control system that integrates many body functions, including the release of hormones; also regulates metabolism and maintains homeostasis

A

Endocrine system

285
Q

The lining of the inside of the uterus

A

Endometrium

286
Q

The amount of carbon dioxide present at the end of an exhaled breath

A

End-tidal CO2

287
Q

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system

A

Enteral

288
Q

The outer layer of the skin, which is made up of cells that are sealed together to form a protective watertight covering of the body

A

Epidermis

289
Q

An accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura mater

A

Epidural hematoma

290
Q

A thin leaf shaped valve that allows air to pass into the trachea but prevents food and liquid from entering

A

Epiglottis

291
Q

A disease of the upper airway which causes airway obstruction. S/S include fever, neck pain, stridor and drooling

A

Epiglottitis

292
Q

A disorder in which abnormal electrical discharges occur in the brain, causing seizure and possible loss of consciousness

A

Epilepsy

293
Q

a hormone produced by the body that has a vital role in the function of the sympathetic nervous systemIt stimulates alpha, beta 1 and beta 2 and used in cardiac arrest

A

Epinephrine (adrenaline)Alpha- constrict blood vesselsBeta 1- increase heart rateBeta 2- Increase the diameter of the bronchioles of the lungs

294
Q

A nosebleed

A

Epistaxis

295
Q

A collapsible tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach

A

Esophagus

296
Q

The philosophy of right and wrong, of moral duties, and of a professional behavior

A

Ethics

297
Q

The displacement of organs outside the body

A

Evisceration

298
Q

A type of consent in which the patient gives authorization for provision of care or transport

A

Expressed Consent

299
Q

The tubes that extend from the uterus to the region of the ovary and through which the ovum passes from the ovary to the uterus

A

fallopian tubes

300
Q

The confinement of a person without legal authority or the persons consent

A

False imprisonment

301
Q

Seizures that result from sudden high fevers

A

Febrile seizures-Occurs in children aged 6 months to 5 years

302
Q

The federal agency that has jurisdiction over interstate and international telephone and telegraph and satellite communications

A

Federal Communication commission (FCC)

303
Q

The major artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery

A

Femoral Artery

304
Q

The longest and strongest bone of the body proximal to the knee

A

Femur

305
Q

The smaller bone distal and lateral to the knee

A

Fibula

306
Q

A condition in which 3 or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or in association with a fracture of the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage

A

Flail Chest

307
Q

The region below the rib cage and above the hip

A

Flank

308
Q

A one way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but not return; formed by taping three sides of the occlusive dressing to the chest wall leaving the fourth side open as a valve

A

Flutter valve

309
Q

Area where the neonate’s or infants skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age

A

Fontanells

310
Q

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord

A

Foramen magnum

311
Q

An inclined position in which the head of the bed is raised

A

Fowler position

312
Q

A break in the continuity of the bone

A

Fracture

313
Q

Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, white, dark brown or charred

A

Full thickness burns (3rd degree)

314
Q

The dome shaped top of the uterus

A

Fundus

315
Q

A sac that collects bile from the liver and discharges it into the duodenum through the common bile duct

A

Gallbladder

316
Q

A type of energy that is emitted from a strong radiological source. These rays penetrate through the human body and require lead or several inches of concrete to prevent penetration

A

Gamma (X-Ray)

317
Q

The overall initial impression that determines the priority for patient care.

A

General Impression

318
Q

A seizure that features rhythmic back and forth motion of an extremity and body stiffness, or extreme twitching of all the body muscles formerly known as a grand mal seizure

A

generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure

319
Q

The assessment and treatment of disease in someone who is 65 years or older

A

Geriatrics

320
Q

The deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are formed

A

Germinal layer

321
Q

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who do not have diabetes before pregnancy

A

Gestational diabetes

322
Q

An evaluation tool used to determine level of consciousness, which evaluates and assigns point scores for eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, which are then totaled; effective in helping predict patient outcomes

A

Glasgow Coma scale (GCS)

323
Q

Another name for the eyeball

A

Globe

324
Q

The space between the vocal cords that is the narrowest portion of the adults airway.

A

Glottis

325
Q

Statutory provisions enacted by many states to protect citizens from liability for errors and omissions in giving good faith emergency medical care, unless there is wanton, gross or willful negligence

A

Good Samaritan Laws

326
Q

A bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of the thigh, just below the hip joint

A

Greater Trochanter

327
Q

Conduct that constitutes a willful or reckless disregard for a duty or standard of care

A

Gross Negligence

328
Q

An “UH” sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child’s attempt to keep the alveoli open; a sign of increased work of breathing

A

Grunting

329
Q

Involuntary muscle contractions (spasm) of the abdominal wall to minimize the pain of movement and protect the inflamed abdomen.

A

Guarding

330
Q

A combination of two movements to open the airway by tilting the forehead back and lifting the chin; not used for trauma patients

A

Head tilt-chin lift maneuver

331
Q

A written document that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient, should he/she become unable to make decisions.

A

Health care directiveAlso known as an advance directive or living will

332
Q

Federal legislation passed in 1996. Its main effect in EMS is in limiting availability of the patient’s health care information and penalizing violations of patients privacy

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability ACT (HIPAA)

333
Q

Painful muscle spasms usually associated with vigorous activity in a hot environment

A

Heat Cramps

334
Q

A heat emergency in which a significant amount of fluid and electrolyte loss occurs because of heavy sweating

A

Heat Exhaustion

335
Q

A life threatening condition of severe hyperthermia caused by exposure to excessive natural or artificial heat; marked by warm, dry skin; severely altered mental status

A

Heat Stroke

336
Q

Vomited blood

A

Hematemesis

337
Q

A mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity

A

Hematoma

338
Q

Blood in the urine

A

Hematuria

339
Q

Weakness on one side of the body

A

Hemiparesis

340
Q

A hereditary condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the blood’s normal clotting factors, which results in uncontrollable bleeding

A

Hemophilia

341
Q

The accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest

A

Hemopneumothorax

342
Q

The coughing up of blood

A

Hemoptysis

343
Q

Bleeding

A

Hemorrhage

344
Q

A type of stroke that occurs as a result of bleeding inside the brain

A

Hemorrhagic stroke

345
Q

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

A

Hemothorax

346
Q

inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function

A

Hepatitis

347
Q

The protrusion of an organ or tissue through an abnormal body opening

A

Hernia

348
Q

Chemical substances released by the immune system in allergic reactions that are responsible for many of the symptoms of anaphylaxis, such as vasodilation

A

Histamines

349
Q

Structures through which materials pass, such as stomach, small intestine, large intestine, ureters, and urinary bladder

A

Hollow Organs

350
Q

A balance of all the systems of the body

A

Homeostasis

351
Q

A chemical substance produced by a gland that regulates the activity of organs and tissues; regulates many body functions, including metabolism, growth, and body temperature

A

Hormone

352
Q

The area immediately surrounding a hazardous material spill or incident site that endangers life and health. All responders working in this zone must wear appropriate protective clothing and equipment.

A

Hot Zone

353
Q

The supporting bone of the upper arm

A

Humerous

354
Q

A family of insects that include bees, ants, and yellow jackets.

A

Hymenoptera

355
Q

Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream

A

Hypercarbia

356
Q

An abnormally high blood glucose

A

Hyperglycemia

357
Q

A life threatening condition resulting from high blood glucose that typically occurs in older adults, and which causes altered mental status, dehydration, and organ damage

A

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)

358
Q

Blood pressure that is higher than the normal range

A

Hypertension

359
Q

A condition in which the body core temperature rises to 101 degrees Fahrenheit or more

A

Hyperthermia

360
Q

Rapid or deep breathing that lowers the carbon dioxide level below normal; may lead to increased intrathoracic pressure, decreased venous return.

A

Hyperventilation

361
Q

An abnormally low blood glucose level

A

Hypoglycemia

362
Q

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called shock

A

Hypoperfusion

363
Q

Blood pressure that is lower than the normal range

A

Hypotension

364
Q

A condition in which the internal or core temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit

A

Hypothermia

365
Q

A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion

A

Hypovolemic shock

366
Q

A dangerous condition in which the body’s tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen

A

Hypoxia

367
Q

Type of consent in which a patient who is unable to give consent is given treatment under the legal assumption that he/she would want treatment

A

Implied Consent

368
Q

Refers to the legal responsibility of a person or organization to take on some of the functions and responsibilities of a parent

A

In loco parentis

369
Q

Loss of bowel and/or bladder control; may be a result of a generalized seizure

A

Incontinence

370
Q

Awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries may exist when determining the mechanism of injury

A

Index of suspicion

371
Q

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication

A

Indications

372
Q

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object

A

Indirect contact

373
Q

A young child age 1 month to 1 year

A

Infant

374
Q

Death of a body tissue, usually caused by the interruption of its blood supply

A

Infarction

375
Q

Below a body part or nearer to the feet

A

Inferior

376
Q

One of the two largest veins in the body; carries blood from the lower extremities and the pelvic and the abdominal organs to the heart

A

Inferior vena cava

377
Q

Permission for treatment given by a competent patient after the potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment have been explained

A

Informed consent

378
Q

A hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans that enables glucose in the blood to enter cells

A

Insulin

379
Q

The space in between the cells

A

Interstitial space

380
Q

The pressure within the cranial vault

A

Intracranial pressure

381
Q

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route

A

Intramuscular (IM) injection

382
Q

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris

A

Intranasal (IN)

383
Q

An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route

A

Intraosseous (IO) injection

384
Q

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route

A

Intravenous (IV) injection

385
Q

The muscle over which a person has no conscious control. It is found in many automatic systems of the body

A

Involuntary muscle

386
Q

The muscle and surrounding tissue behind the cornea that dilate and constrict the pupil, regulating the amount of light that enters the eye; pigment in this tissue gives the eye its color

A

Iris

387
Q

A lack of oxygen that deprives tissues of necessary nutrients, resulting from partial or complete blockage of blood flow; potentially reversible because permanent injury has not occurred

A

Ischemia

388
Q

Yellow skin or sclera that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction

A

Jaundice

389
Q

Technique to open the airway by placing the fingers behind the angle of the jaw and bringing the jaw forward

A

Jaw-thrust maneuverUsed for patients who may have a cervical spine injury

390
Q

A visual bulging of the jugular veins in the neck caused by fluid overload, pressure in the chest, cardiac tamponade, or tension pneumothorax

A

Jugular vein distention

391
Q

A sorting system for pediatric patients younger than 8 years or weighing less than 100 pounds

A

Jumpstart triageThere is a minor adaptation for infants because they cannot ambulate on their own

392
Q

To walk or move about freely

A

Ambulate

393
Q

Two retroperitoneal organs that excrete the end products of metabolism as urine and regulate the body’s salt and water content

A

Kidneys

394
Q

The energy of a moving object

A

kinetic energy

395
Q

Deep rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body

A

Kussmaul respirations

396
Q

A forward curling of the back caused by an abnormal increase in the curvature of the spine

A

Kyphosis

397
Q

Breathing that requires greater than normal effort; may be slower or faster than normal and characterized by grunting, stridor, and the use of accessory muscles

A

Labored breathing

398
Q

A deep jagged cut in the skin

A

Laceration

399
Q

The glands that produce fluids to keep the eye moist; also called tear glands

A

Lacrimal glands

400
Q

A metabolic byproduct of the breakdown of glucose that accumulates when metabolism proceeds in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic metabolism)

A

Lactic acid

401
Q

The portion of the digestive tube that encircles the abdomen consisting of the cecum, the colon, and the rectum.

A

Large intestineIt also regulates water balance and eliminates solid waste

402
Q

A complex structure where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins; also called the voice box

A

Larynx

403
Q

Parts of the body that lie farther from the midline

A

Lateral

404
Q

The standard measure of the dose amount of an agent or substance that will kill 50% of the population who are exposed to this level

A

LD50

405
Q

A length based tape to estimate an infant or child’s weight on the basis of length; appropriate drug doses and equipment sizes are listed on the tape

A

Length based resuscitation tapeAlso called Broslow tape

406
Q

The transparent part of the eye through which images are focused on the retina

A

Lens

407
Q

In the incident command, the person who relays information, concerns, and requests among responding agencies

A

Liaison officer

408
Q

False or damaging information about a person that is communicated in writing

A

Libel

409
Q

A band of fibrous tissue that connects bones to bones. It supports and strengthens a joint

A

Ligament

410
Q

A delivery in which the presenting part is a single arm or leg

A

Limb presentation

411
Q

A large, solid organ that lies in the right upper quadrant immediately below the diaphragm; it produces bile, stores glucose for immediate use by the body

A

Liver

412
Q

In incident command, the position that helps procure and stockpile equipment and supplies during the incident

A

Logistics

413
Q

The lower part of the back, formed by the lowest five nonfused vertebrae

A

Lumbar spine

414
Q

A thin, straw colored fluid that carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the cells and carries waste products of metabolism away from the cells and back into the capillaries so that they may be excreted

A

Lymph

415
Q

A passive circulatory system in the body that transports a plasma like liquid called lymph

A

Lymphatic system

416
Q

The bone of the lower jaw

A

Mandible

417
Q

The upper quarter of the sternum

A

Manubrium

418
Q

An emergency situation involving three or more patients or that can place great demand on the equipment or personnel of the EMS system or has the potential to produce multiple casualties

A

Mass casualty incident

419
Q

The prominent bony mass at the base of the skull about 1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear

A

Mastoid process

420
Q

The upper jawbones that assist in the formation of the orbit, the nasal cavity, and the palate and hold the upper teeth

A

Maxillae

421
Q

The forces, or energy transmission, applied to the body that cause injury

A

Mechanism of injury (MOI)

422
Q

Fetal stool. When appearing as a dark green material in the amniotic fluid, it can indicate distress or disease in the newborn

A

Meconium

423
Q

Parts of the body closer to the midline

A

Medial

424
Q

Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus; located between the two lungs

A

Mediastinum

425
Q

the most caudal subdivision of the brainstem, immediately continuous with the spinal cord,

A

Medulla OblongataCoordinates heart rate, blood vessel diameter, breathing, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, and sneezing

426
Q

Black, foul smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood

A

Melena

427
Q

Three distinctive layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord within the skull and spinal canal

A

Meninges

428
Q

An inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; it is usually cause by a virus or bacterium

A

Meningitis

429
Q

The biochemical processes that result in production of energy from nutrients within cells

A

Metabolism

430
Q

Excessively constricted pupil; often bilateral

A

Miosis

431
Q

The spontaneous passage of the fetus and placenta before 20 weeks; also called spontaneous abortion

A

Miscarriage

432
Q

An infant reflex in which, when an infant is caught off guard, the infant opens his or her arms wide, spread the fingers, and seems to grab at things

A

Moro reflex

433
Q

A device that is used to change a liquid into a spray and push it into a nostril

A

Mucosal atomizer device (MAD)

434
Q

The linings of body cavities and passages that are in direct or indirect contact with the outside environment

A

Mucous Membranes

435
Q

A woman who has had previous pregnancies

A

Multigravida

436
Q

A substance that mutates, damages, and changes the structures of the DNA in the body’s cells

A

Mutagen

437
Q

Bruising of the heart muscle

A

Myocardial contusion

438
Q

The heart muscle

A

Myocardium

439
Q

A drug that produces sleep or altered level of consciousness

A

Narcotic

440
Q

The external openings of the nostrils

A

NaresA single nostril opening is called a naris

441
Q

An oxygen delivery device in which oxygen flows through two small tube-like prongs that fit into a patients nostrils

A

Nasal CannulaDelivers 24% to 44% supplemental oxygen

442
Q

Widening of the nostrils, indicating that there is an airway obstruction

A

Nasal Flaring

443
Q

An airway adjunct inserted into the nostril of an unresponsive patient or a patient with an altered level of consciousness who is unable to maintain airway patency independently

A

Nasopharyngeal (nasal) airway

444
Q

The nasal cavity, or part of the pharynx that lies above the level of the roof of the mouth

A

Nasopharynx

445
Q

Refusal or failure on the part of the parent or caregiver to provide life necessities

A

Neglect

446
Q

Failure to provide the same care that a person with similar training would provide

A

Negligence

447
Q

A newborn age birth to 1 month

A

Neonate

448
Q

The basic filtering units in the kidneys

A

Nephrons

449
Q

Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation

A

Neurogenic shock

450
Q

A group of conditions in which the nerves leaving the spinal cord are damaged, resulting in distortion of signal to or from the brain

A

Neuropathy

451
Q

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate

A

Nitroglycerin

452
Q

A combination mask and reservoir bag system that is the preferred way to give oxygen in the prehospital setting

A

Nonrebreathing maskDelivers up to 90% inspired oxygen and prevents inhaling the exhaled gases

453
Q

A neurotransmitter and drug sometimes used in the treatment of shock

A

NorepinephrineProduces vasoconstriction through its alpha simulator properties

454
Q

An umbilical cord that is wrapped around a fetus’s neck

A

Nuchal cord

455
Q

A complex condition in which a person has an excessive amount of body fat

A

Obesity

456
Q

The most posterior portion of the cranium

A

Occiput

457
Q

A blockage, usually of a tubular structure such as a blood vessel

A

Occlusion

458
Q

An airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria; a commercial vented version allows air to escape from the chest, while an unvented dressing made of petroleum dressing gauze, aluminum foil or plastic

A

Occlusive dressing

459
Q

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

460
Q

The pressure of water to move, typically into the capillary, as the result of the presence of plasma proteins

A

Oncotic pressure

461
Q

Any break in the bone in which the underlying skin has been broken

A

Open Fracture

462
Q

A mnemonic used in evaluating a patient’s pain: Onset, Provocation, Quality, Region/radiation, Severity and Timing

A

OPQRST

463
Q

The eye socket, made up of the maxilla and zygoma

A

Orbit

464
Q

Airway adjunct inserted into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and to facilitate suctioning the airway, if necessary

A

Oropharygeal Airway (OPA) also known as an oral airway

465
Q

A tubular structure that extends vertically from the back of the mouth to the esophagus and trachea

A

Oropharynx

466
Q

Severe dyspnea experienced by lying down and relieved by sitting up

A

Orthopnea

467
Q

A generalized bone disease, commonly associated with post menopausal women, in which there is a reduction in the amount of bone mass leading to fractures after minimal trauma in either sex

A

Osteoporosis

468
Q

The primary female productive organs that produce sex hormones and an ovum, or egg, that if fertilized, will develop into a fetus

A

Ovaries

469
Q

A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain especially, cannot function without it

A

Oxygen

470
Q

The forward facing part of the hand in the anatomic position

A

Palmar

471
Q

To examine or touch

A

Palpate

472
Q

A flat solid organ that lies below the liver and the stomach; its a major source of the digestive enzymes and produces the hormone insulin

A

Pancreas

473
Q

An outbreak that occurs on a global scale

A

Outbreak

474
Q

The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the motion-in during inhalation, out during exhalation- is exactly opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing

A

Paradoxical motion

475
Q

An individual who has extensive training in advanced life support, including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills

A

Paramedic

476
Q

A subdivision of the autonomic nervous system, involved in control of involuntary functions such as digestion of food and relaxation, mediated largely by the vagus nerve through the chemical acetylcholine

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

477
Q

Severe shortness of breath, especially at night after several hours of reclining; the person is forced to sit up to breath

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

478
Q

A seizure affecting a limited portion of the brain

A

Partial (focal) seizure

479
Q

Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist and mottled

A

Partial-thickness (second degree) burns

480
Q

The knee cap; a specialized bone that lies within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle

A

Patella

481
Q

Open, and clear of obstruction

A

Patent

482
Q

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

A

Pathogen

483
Q

When an EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her medications

A

Patient-assisted medication

484
Q

A structured assessment tool used to form a general impression of the infant or child without touching him or her; consists of assessing appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to the skin

A

Pediatric assessment triangle (PAT)

485
Q

A device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain

A

Pelvic binder

486
Q

An infection of the fallopian tubes and the surrounding tissues of the pelvis

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

487
Q

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral

A

Per os (PO)

488
Q

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route

A

Per rectum (PR)

489
Q

The circulation of oxygenated blood through body tissues and vessels; the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet current needs of the cells

A

Perfusion

490
Q

The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart

A

Pericardium

491
Q

In a female the area between the vagina and the anus

A

Perineum

492
Q

The wavelike contraction of smooth muscle by which the ureters or other tubular organs propel their contents

A

Peristalsis

493
Q

The abdominal cavity

A

Peritoneal cavity

494
Q

The membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal; organs

A

Peritoneum

495
Q

Negative findings that warrant no care or intervention

A

Pertinent negatives

496
Q

An airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger that 6 years, in which the patient is feverish and exhibits a “whoop” sound on inspiration after a coughing attack; highly contagious through droplet infection

A

Pertussis (whooping cough)

497
Q

Nerve that innervates the diaphragm; necessary for adequate breathing to occur

A

Phrenic nerve

498
Q

The tissue attached to the uterine wall that nourishes the fetus through the umbilical cord.

A

Placenta

499
Q

A condition in which the placenta develops over and covers the cervix

A

Placenta Previa

500
Q

The bottom surface of the foot

A

Plantar