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ESL Supplemental > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Homographs

P.4

A

Same spelling or pronunciation but different meanings

Stalk (plant part)/ Stalk (follow)

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2
Q

Homophones

P.4

A

Same pronunciation but have different meanings and spellings

Would/wood, cite/site/sight

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3
Q

Heteronyms

P.4

A

Same spelling but different pronunciation AND meaning

Polish/polish

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4
Q

Phoneme

P.2

A

Smallest unit of sound that affects meaning

English is not phonetic

44 speech sounds, 26 letters

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5
Q

Morphology

P.4

A

Process of how words are formed to create meaningful messages

Breaking down words to find base/prefix/suffix

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6
Q

Morpheme

P.4

A

Smallest unit of language that has meaning. Root word, prefix,suffix

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7
Q

Syntax

P.6

A

Order of words

Subject-Verb-Object

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8
Q

Semantics

P.7

A

Meaning of individual words and combinations of words

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9
Q

Lexicon

P.7

A

Stored meaning and contextual meaning

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10
Q

Spoken discourse

P8

A

Conversations, arguments, speeches

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11
Q

Vocal discourse

P.8

A

Practice in pairs using q&a format-gives opportunity to learn structures of discourse and info about the other’s culture. Increases vocabulary and language skills

Short skits that repeat a limited number of words

Allowing time for informal conversations using suggested topics-reinforces speech patterns

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12
Q

Polite discourse

P.8

A

Empty language/perfunctory speech

“How are you?” “Fine”

Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)-must acquire to function in social situations

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13
Q

Language proficiency requires…

P.9

A

Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)

Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP)

And

Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP)

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14
Q

Pragmatics

P.10

A

How context impacts interpretation of message

Body language, gestures, distance between speakers, seating arrangements, formality of speech, tone, volume, etc

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15
Q

Language register

P.11

A

How language is used in a particular setting or for a particular purpose

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16
Q

Code Switching

P.12

A

Using a Spanish term when speaking English

17
Q

BICS can be acquired in…years
CALP can take…years

P.12

A

BICS:2-5 years
CALP: 4-7 years

18
Q

Subject

P.16

A

What or whom the sentence is about

Noun+Modifiers

Noun=Simple subject

19
Q

Predicate

P.16

A

Makes a statement about what the subject is or does

Verb+Modifiers

Verb=simple predicate

20
Q

4 sentence purposes:

P.17

A

Declarative (statement)
Interrogative (question)
Imperative (command)
Sense of urgency (exclamatory)

21
Q

Simple sentence

A

Independent clause

Single subject and predicate

22
Q

Compound sentence

A

Two independent clauses joined by a CONJUNCTION (and,or, but, for, to, yet, so)

23
Q

Complex sentence

A

Dependent clause (can’t stand alone-not a complete thought) joined with an independent clause using a SUBORDINATOR (although, after, because, when, since, while)

24
Q

Phrase

P.17

A

Does not have a subject and a predicate. Cannot stand alone

Prepositional (in the room)
Participial (walking down the street)
Infinitive (to run)

25
Q

Pronoun

P.18

A

Takes place of a noun

  1. Personal pronouns (I you he she it we him her us)
  2. Possessive pronouns-show ownership(my mine your yours)
  3. Indefinite pronouns -refer to nouns in general (any, each, both, most, something)
26
Q

Adjective

P.18

A

Modifies a noun or pronoun

Answers the question What kind? How many? Which?

27
Q

Adverb

P.19

A

Modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb

Answers the questions How? When? Where? How often? and To what extent?

28
Q

Preposition

P.19

A

Occurs with a noun or pronoun-shows relationship between that and another word in the sentence

Describes or shows location, direction or time

Under, behind, up, after, before, down

29
Q

Conjunction

P.19

A

Word that joins phrases, clauses, and sentences

Coordinating-and, but, for, yet, etc.
Subordinating-after, because, so that, while
Correlative-both…and, either…or
Conjunctive-therefore, thus, moreover

ESL Supplemental (3 decks)

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