Vocabulary

Question 1

Ottoman Empire

Answer 1

the Turkish empire, established in northern Anatolia by Osman I at the end of the 13th century and expanded by his successors to include all of Asia Minor and much of southeastern Europe. After setbacks caused by the invasion of the Mongol ruler Tamerlane in 1402, the Ottomans captured Constantinople in 1453, and the empire reached its zenith under Suleiman in the mid 16th century. It had greatly declined by the 19th century and collapsed after World War I.

Question 2

Jarisarries

Answer 2

a member of the Turkish infantry forming the Sultan’s guard between the 14th and 19th centuries.

Question 3

Sultan

Answer 3

a Muslim sovereign

Question 4

Sultanate

Answer 4

noun form of sultan

Question 5

Harem

Answer 5

the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.

Question 6

Auragzeb

Answer 6

Mogul emperor of Hindustan 1658–1707, who increased the Mogul empire to its greatest extent.

Question 7

Shah

Answer 7

a title of the former monarch of Iran.

Question 8

Maratha Kingdom

Answer 8

The Maratha Empire (also transliterated, Mahratta), or the Maratha Confederacy, was a Hindu state located in present-day India. It existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire’s territories covered 250 million acres (1 million km²) or one-third of South Asia. The state was ruled by a series of Prime Ministers who were advised by a Council of eight. As the British expanded their presence in India, the Marathas represented a major threat to their territorial ambitions.

Question 9

Timur the Lame

Answer 9

Tamerlane Definition from Language, Idioms & Slang Dictionaries & Glossaries. Timur ( Timur, Chagatai: , ; died 18 February 1405), historically known as Tamerlane ( Timur(-e) Lang, “Timur the Lame”), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror and the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia.

Question 10

Mehmed the Conqueror

Answer 10

Mehmed II, best known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was an Ottoman sultan who ruled first for a short time from August 1444 to September 1446, and later from February 1451 to May 1481. At the age of 21, he conquered Constantinople and brought an end to the Eastern Roman Empire.

Question 11

Emperor Akbar

Answer 11

Mughal emperor of India (1556-1605) who conquered most of northern India and exercised religious tolerance.

Question 12

NurJahan

Answer 12

Nur Jahan born Mehr-un-Nissa, was the twentieth but most beloved, and therefore most important consort of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Born the daughter of a Grand Vizier who served under Akbar, Nur Jahan was married at a young age to Sher Afgan, governor of Bihar, an important Mughal province.

Question 13

Delhi

Answer 13

a walled city on the River Jumna in north central India, which was made the capital of the Mogul empire in 1638 by Shah Jahan (1592–1666). See also New Delhi.

Question 14

Sufism

Answer 14

the mystical system of the Sufis.

Question 15

Sikis

Answer 15

Turkish

Question 16

Taj Mahal

Answer 16

Definition: The Taj Mahal is a white marble mausoleum in the city of Agra, India. The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan to honor Mumtaz Mahal, his beloved third wife. She died while bearing their fourteenth child, and Shah Jahan never really recovered from the loss.

Question 17

Safavid

Answer 17

a member of a dynasty that ruled Persia 1502–1736 and installed Shia rather than Sunni Islam as the state religion.

Question 18

Ismail Abbas

Answer 18

An Arabic dynasty (750-1258) that expanded the Muslim empire. It was named for al-Abbas (566?-652), paternal uncle of the prophet Muhammad.

Question 19

Sufis

Answer 19

a Muslim ascetic and mystic.

Question 20

Suleyman

Answer 20

1495?–1566, sultan of the Ottoman Empire 1520–66.

Question 21

Esmail

Answer 21

glassy substance, usually opaque, applied by fusion to the surface of metal, pottery, etc., as an ornament or for protection.

Question 22

Safidon

Answer 22

Safidon is a city and a municipal committee in Jind district in the Indian state of Haryana.
Safidon is located at 29°25′N 76°40′E / 29.42°N 76.67°E. It has an average elevation of 221 m (725 feet). Safidon is the center of Panipat and Jind. The town is the headquarters of the tehsil of the same name. It is situated on the bank of the Hansi branch of the Western Yamuna canal, 35 hm northeast of Jind. The Safidon Sub-Division comprises Safidon tehsil and sub-tehsil Pillukhera. There are 71 villages under Safidon Tehsil. Safidon is the constituency no. 50 of Haryana Vidhan Sabha. It is located on the Panipat-Jind railway line.

Question 23

Kizilbash

Answer 23

Qizilbash or Kizilbash (sometimes also Qezelbash or Qazilbash) is the label given to a wide variety of Shi’i militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia and Kurdistan from the late 13th century onwards, some of which contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty of Iran.

Question 24

Rajputs

Answer 24

Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and current eastern Pakistan. They seem to have risen to prominence from the late 6th century CE and governed the majority of princely states in Rajasthan and Surashtra during the period of the British Raj.

Question 25

Sikh faith

Answer 25

Sikhism, or Sikhi, is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of South Asia (subcontinental India) during the 15th century.