Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry Final > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

What is Analytical Chemistry?

A

it is the art and science of determining what matter is and how much of it exists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Applied Chemistry?

A

understanding basic chemical properties of materials and for producing new materials with well-controlled functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Biochemistry?

A

the branch of science concerned with the chemical processes that occur within living organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Biotechnology?

A

the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Chemistry?

A

the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an Experiment?

A

a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a Hypothesis?

A

a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Inorganic Chemistry?

A

the branch of chemistry that deals with inorganic compounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does Macroscopic mean?

A

visible to the naked eye; not microscopic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Matter?

A

that which occupies space and possesses rest mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Manipulated Variable?

A

a variable in an experiment that you can change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an Observation?

A

the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Organic Chemistry?

A

the chemistry of carbon compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Physical Chemistry?

A

chemistry concerned with the application of the techniques and theories of physics to the study of chemical systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Pollutant?

A

a substance that pollutes something, especially water or the atmosphere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Pure Chemistry?

A

facts and theories of chemistry in their purely scientific relations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a Responding Variable?

A

This is the variable that changes as a result of the changes in the manipulated variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a Scientific Law?

A

a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspects of the universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a Scientific Theory?

A

A well described explanation that has repeatedly been tested and confirmed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the Scientific Method?

A

observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Technology?

A

the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a Chemical Change?

A

is any change that results in the formation of new chemical substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a Chemical Property?

A

any quality that can be established only by changing a substance’s chemical identity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a Chemical Reaction?

A

a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as opposed to a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a Chemical Symbol?
abbreviation of a chemical element
26
What is a Compound?
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture
27
What is Distillation?
the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling
28
What is an Element?
a substance that can neither be created or destroyed
29
What is an Extensive Property?
a property that changes when the size of the sample changes
30
What is Filtration?
the action or process of filtering something
31
What is a Gas?
an airlike fluid substance which expands freely to fill any space available
32
What is a Heterogeneous Mixture?
a mixture that composes of components that aren't uniform (or you can see the different parts)
33
What is a Homogeneous Mixture?
A mixture which has uniform composition and properties throughout (can't see the different parts)
34
What is an Intensive Property?
doesn't change when you take away some of the sample
35
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations
36
What is a Liquid?
a substance with consistency that flows freely but with a constant volume
37
What is Mass?
large body of matter with no definite shape
38
What is a Mixture?
a substance made by mixing other substances together
39
What is a Phase?
a distinct period or stage in a process of change or forming part of something's development
40
What is a Physical Change?
changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition
41
What is a Physical Property?
can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter
42
What is Precipitate?
the cause of a substance to be deposited in solid form from a solution
43
What is a Product?
substance that is formed when two or more chemicals react
44
What is a Reactant?
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction
45
What is a Solid?
fixed shape and volume; not liquid or gas
46
What is a Solution?
a liquid mixture in which the minor component is uniform throughout
47
What is a Substance?
matter with uniform properties
48
What is Vapor?
a substance diffused or suspended in the air, especially one normally liquid or solid
49
What is Volume?
the amount of space something takes up
50
What is Absolute Zero?
the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible, at which the motion of particles that constitutes heat would be minimal. It is zero on the Kelvin scale, equivalent to –273.15°C or –459.67°F
51
What is an Accepted Value?
value of a substance accepted by almost all scientists
52
What is Accuracy?
how close a result comes to the true value
53
What is the Celsius Scale?
the scale of temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100° under standard conditions
54
What is a Conversion Factor?
an arithmetical multiplier for converting a quantity expressed in one set of units into an equivalent expressed in another
55
What is Density?
mass/volume
56
What is a Dimensional Analysis?
physical quantities added to or equated with each other must be expressed in terms of the same fundamental quantities
57
What is an Error?
difference between a measured value and the true one
58
What is a Gram?
standard unit of mass
59
What is the International System of Units (SI)?
a system of physical units ( SI Units ) based on the meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole, together with a set of prefixes to indicate multiplication or division by a power of ten
60
What is a Joule?
SI unit of energy
61
What is the Kelvin Scale?
a scale of temperature with absolute zero as zero, and the triple point of water as exactly 273.16 degrees
62
What is a Kilogram?
SI unit of mass
63
What is a Liter?
metric unit of capacity (1 kg or 1,000cm3)
64
What is a Measurement?
the size, length, or amount of something
65
What is a Meter?
SI unit of length
66
What is a Percent Error?
calculation used to express the difference between a measured value and the true one
67
What is Precision?
closeness of two or more measurements to each other
68
What is Scientific Notation?
way that scientists easily handle very large numbers or very small numbers (Goes by 10)
69
What are Significant Figures?
each of the digits of a number that are used to express it to the required degree of accuracy
70
What is the Sig Fig Rules?
Non-zero digits are always significant. Any zeros between two significant digits are significant. A final zero or trailing zeros in the decimal portion ONLY are significant
71
What is Temperature?
measures energy and heat
72
What is Weight?
body's relative mass or quantity of matter
73
What is an Atom?
smallest unit of matter that has the properties of an element
74
What is Atomic Mass?
the number of protons and neutrons in the atom
75
What is the Atomic Mass Unit?
one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
76
What is the Atomic Number?
amount of protons in the nucleus
77
What is a Cathode Ray?
a beam of electrons emitted from the cathode of a high-vacuum tube
78
What is Dalton's Atomic Theory?
1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. 2) All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties 3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms. 4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
79
What is an Electron?
sub-atomic particle found in atoms, has a negative charge
80
What are Isotopes?
two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons
81
What is a Mass Number?
the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus
82
What is a Neutron?
subatomic particle with no charge
83
What is a Nucleus?
central and most important part of an object
84
What is a Period?
horizontal row on the periodic table
85
What is the Periodic Table?
a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number
86
What is a Proton?
subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom with a positive charge
87
What is Amplitude?
the displacement of a wave from zero
88
What is Amplitude?
the displacement of a wave from zero
89
What is an Atomic Emission Spectrum?
spectra of light emitted by an element when electricity is run through it or when it is viewed through a prism
90
What is an Atomic Orbital?
wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom
91
What is the Aufbau Principle?
electrons orbiting one or more atoms fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels
92
What is Electromagnetic Radiation?
radiation including visible light, radio waves, gamma rays, and X-rays, in which electric and magnetic fields vary simultaneously
93
What is Electron Configuration?
distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals
94
What are Energy Levels?
the fixed amount of energy that a system described by quantum mechanics
95
What is a Frequency?
Number of events in a given unit of time
96
What is the Ground State?
the lowest energy state of an atom or other particle
97
What is Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
is any of a variety of mathematical inequalities asserting a fundamental limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties of a particle, known as complementary variables
98
What is a Hertz?
SI unit of frequency
99
What is Hund's Rule?
every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin
100
What is Pauli's Exclusion Principle?
no two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantum numbers
101
What are Photons?
particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. A photon carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has zero rest mass
102
What are Photons?
particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. A photon carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has zero rest mass
103
What is Quantum?
quantity of energy proportional in magnitude to the frequency of the radiation it represents
104
What is a Spectrum?
a band of colors, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength
105
What is a Wavelength?
a property of a wave that is the distance between identical points between two successive waves
106
What are Alkali Metals?
a group (column) in the periodic table consisting of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). ... Caesium. Very reactive, electropositive, monovalent metals forming strongly alkaline hydroxides (any element in group A1)
107
What are Alkaline Earth Metals?
any element in group A2
108
What are Cations?
positively charged ion
109
What is Electronegativity?
tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons
110
What are Halogens?
any element in group 7A
111
What are Inner Transition Metals?
They are normally shown in two rows below all the other elements. They include elements 57-71 (lanthanides) and 89-103 (actinides)
112
What is an Ion?
an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons
113
What is Ionization Energy?
the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron, the valence electron, of an isolated gaseous atom to form a cation
114
What are Metalloids?
properties that can change between being a metal or a non metal
115
What are Metals?
a solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity
116
What are Noble Gases?
any element in group 8A
117
What are Nonmetals?
an element or substance that is not a metal
118
What is the Periodic Law?
the statement that the chemical and physical properties of the elements recur periodically when the elements are arranged in the order of their atomic weights
119
What are Representative Elements?
All group A elements, important
120
What are Transition Metals?
any elements in group B

Chemistry Final (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions