Vocabulary Flashcards
Highest official of monarch
Chancellor
Realistic politics based on needs of state (power > principles)
Realpolitik
To take control of
Annexed
Emperor
Kaiser
Empire (heir to Holy Roman Empire)
Reich
“Battle for civilization” (1871-1878)
Goal: loyalty to state before church
State has the power to supervise catholic education and approve appointment of priests
Couples must be married by civil authority
Jesuits expelled form Prussia
Kulturkampf
Became kaiser 1808, confident, asked Bismarck to resign, resist democratic
William II
Programs for helping certain people
Social welfare
Form Prussia’s junker class (conservative landowning nobles) became chancellor, used blood + iron policy to unite Germany, success from strong will, master of realpolitik
Otto Von Bismarck
A shrewd ruthless politian
Camille Cavour
Nationalist + ally of Mazzini, wanted Italian republic, Cavour helped helped him win Sicily and go to Naples, turned Naples and Sicily to Victor Emmanuel
Giuseppe Garibaldi
People who want to abolish all gov, turn to sabotage and violence
Anarchists
People who move away from their homeland
Emigration
18 yrs, inherited Hapsburg Throne, made a new constitution with legislature dominated by German speaking Austrians, didn’t satisfy other national groups
Francis Joseph
Moderate Hungarian leader- created new political power, Dual Monarchy of Austria- Hungary
Ferene Deák
Austria and Hungary are separate states- have own constitution and parliament, both ruled by Francis Joseph, shared ministries of defense, finance + foreign affairs
Dual Monarchy
Came to the Russian throne in 1855, during Crimean War, issued a decree that required emancipation, set up a system of gov- zemstvos were responsible for road repair, schools + agriculture, encouraged industry, reforms failed to satisfy Russians, assassinated by terrorists
Alexander II
Broken out after Russian tried to seize Ottoman lands along Danube River, Britian+France+Ottoman Turks vs. Russia (Russia lost)
Crimean War
Freeing the serfs
Emancipation
Elected assemblies
Zemstvos
Violent mob attacks on Jews
Pogroms
People who flee their homeland to seek safety elsewhere
Refugees
Elected national legislature
Duma
Prime minister of Russia, strengthened zemstvos, improved education, too limited to satisfy people, assassinated
Peter Stolypin
