vocabulary Flashcards
1
Q
fettling knife
A
is a special knife-like tool with a fairly flexible blade for cutting into moist and leather-hard clay.
2
Q
ceramic
A
having to do with clay or glass or the mixing of objects from clay or glass
3
Q
a soft finish with little or no shine.
A
matte
4
Q
peep holes
A
(vent holes): Small holes in the side of the kiln used for viewing shelf cones and ventilating the kiln during the firing process.
5
Q
a term used to describe unfired clay objects in general.
A
greenware
6
Q
method used in hand building to connect two pieces of clay together
A
slip/score tehnique
7
Q
the base or the part of the piece of ceramic on which it rests
A
foot
8
Q
a low-fire clay body which is fired to maturity at approx. 2000 of
A
earthenware
9
Q
pinch pots
A
starting with a ball of clay the potter opens a hole into the ball and forms a bowl shape through a combination of stroking and pinching the clay. Many coil-built pieces are constructed on top of a pinched bottom.
10
Q
a blaster disk or slab from clay work.
A
bat
11
Q
(glaze or under-glaze): Is a thin coat of color that will soak into the green-ware or bisque ware.
A
conditioning coat
12
Q
casting slip
A
is liquid clay used in the process of forming objects with molds. Also referred to as “slip”
13
Q
is a decoration technique, created by carving lines into the clay or carving small areas out of the clay but not perforating it.
A
incising
14
Q
(T): clear base colors which are free from cloudiness or distortion.
A
transparent
15
Q
bisque ware
A
clay objects that have been fired for the first time and without any glaze applied to them.
16
Q
a satin-like surface which has a slight sheen to it.
A
semi-matte
17
Q
a shiny, glass-like finish.
A
gloss
18
Q
incising
A
is a decoration technique, created by carving lines into the clay or carving small areas out of the clay but not perforating it.
19
Q
slip
A
clay that has been watered down; acts as glue in slip/score technique. slip a fine,liquid form of clay applied to the surface of a vessel prior to firing. slip fills in pores and give uniform color
20
Q
a color which is usually applied to green-ware and in most cases is covered with a glaze.
A
underglaze
21
Q
kiln
A
a furnace designed specifically for heating clay to the temperatures necessary to make it permanently hard and stone like. Kilns can be electric, natural gas, wood, coal, fuel oil or propane. Materials used to heat the kiln can affect the work: wood ash can build up on the surfaces of a piece and form a glaze at high temperatures. some potters introduce chemicals into the kiln to influence the effects of the firing. Famed ceramics Beatrice Wood achieved a luster effect by throwing moth balls into the kiln
22
Q
color which does not allow other colors to show through.
A
opaque
23
Q
usually refers to a natural sponge used for cleaning and decorating green-ware. there are also synthetic sponges available for ceramics
A
sponge
24
Q
sponge
A
usually refers to a natural sponge used for cleaning and decorating green-ware. there are also synthetic sponges available for ceramics
25
wedging
is the process kneading the clay so as to remove air pockets and create uniform consistency of clay
26
earthenware
a low-fire clay body which is fired to maturity at approx. 2000 of
27
vent holes
small holes made by puncturing the green-ware with a needle tool when two pieces of ware have been attached. These small holes allow the air and gases to escape during firing. Also refers to the peep holes in the side of the kiln.
28
element
the heating coils of a electric kiln. (tired of burned out elements refer to elements which carry too little or no electrical current for producing heat).
29
loop tool
a special tool with a wooden handle and a wire loop at one or both ends, used for carving and hollowing out clay forms.
30
a special tool with a wooden handle and a wire loop at one or both ends, used for carving and hollowing out clay forms.
loop tool
31
is a special knife-like tool with a fairly flexible blade for cutting into moist and leather-hard clay.
fettling knife
32
casting
a clay form made from a mold. may also be referred to "plaster castings"
33
cone plaque
is a small clay cone holder used when cones are placed on the shelf of the kiln to stand.
34
(SO): colors which generally allow only dark colors to show through.
semi-opaque
35
a term used to describe the technique of adding small clay forms as decoration on the surface of pottery forms; also called applied decoration.
sprigging-on
36
bisque ware that has been glazed then fired.
glaze ware
37
the heating coils of a electric kiln. (tired of burned out elements refer to elements which carry too little or no electrical current for producing heat).
element
38
semi-matte
a satin-like surface which has a slight sheen to it.
39
a furnace designed specifically for heating clay to the temperatures necessary to make it permanently hard and stone like. Kilns can be electric, natural gas, wood, coal, fuel oil or propane. Materials used to heat the kiln can affect the work: wood ash can build up on the surfaces of a piece and form a glaze at high temperatures. some potters introduce chemicals into the kiln to influence the effects of the firing. Famed ceramics Beatrice Wood achieved a luster effect by throwing moth balls into the kiln
kiln
40
the bottom of a piece that rests upon a surface(may be wheel thrown or hand-built). there are two kinds:raise and flush.
footing
41
stoneware
high-fire clay. stoneware is waterproof even without glaze; the resulting ware is sturdier than earthenware.
42
a clay form made from a mold. may also be referred to "plaster castings"
casting
43
(kiln): articles made of refractory material which support kiln shelves during firing.
posts
44
clay that has been watered down; acts as glue in slip/score technique. slip a fine,liquid form of clay applied to the surface of a vessel prior to firing. slip fills in pores and give uniform color
slip
45
pin holes
tiny holes in the final surface finish of a glaze or Under-glaze.
46
greenware that is allowed to become firm but still retains its wet look.
leather-hard
47
starting with a ball of clay the potter opens a hole into the ball and forms a bowl shape through a combination of stroking and pinching the clay. Many coil-built pieces are constructed on top of a pinched bottom.
pinch pots
48
is liquid clay used in the process of forming objects with molds. Also referred to as "slip"
casting slip
49
firing
clay is hardened by heating it to a high temperature, fusing the clay particles. primitive pottery is usually fired on the ground or in pits with whatever flammable material is available. Kilns allow a more efficient use of materials and more control over the atmosphere during a firing. Firing has two basic atmospheres. Oxidation and reduction, these two atmospheres will affect the color of the final piece.
50
is a small clay cone holder used when cones are placed on the shelf of the kiln to stand.
cone plaque
51
kiln wash
the refractory coating applied to the top of the kiln shelves to protect them from glaze drops.
52
a brownish-orange earthenware clay body commonly used for ceramic sculpture.
Terra cotta
53
refers to the ability of clay to be formed into a shape and retain it.
plasticity
54
(ST): slightly colored and/or speckled colors which allow most colors to show through with only slight distortions.
semi-transparent
55
semi-opaque
(SO): colors which generally allow only dark colors to show through.
56
is the mixture or time and temperature at which the cone will bend to show the kilns temperature on the shelf.
cone temperature
57
slip clay
clay in liquid form.
58
opaque
color which does not allow other colors to show through.
59
underglaze
a color which is usually applied to green-ware and in most cases is covered with a glaze.
60
semi-transparent
(ST): slightly colored and/or speckled colors which allow most colors to show through with only slight distortions.
61
shelf cone temperature
the cone temperature that is fired on the shelf of a kiln. the amount of heating the ware actually receives.
62
posts
(kiln): articles made of refractory material which support kiln shelves during firing.
63
leather-hard
greenware that is allowed to become firm but still retains its wet look.
64
score
to draw or make lines into clay
65
footing
the bottom of a piece that rests upon a surface(may be wheel thrown or hand-built). there are two kinds:raise and flush.
66
bat
a blaster disk or slab from clay work.
67
high-fire clay. stoneware is waterproof even without glaze; the resulting ware is sturdier than earthenware.
stoneware
68
conditioning coat
(glaze or under-glaze): Is a thin coat of color that will soak into the green-ware or bisque ware.
69
bone dry
clay that is completely dried but not yet fired.
70
coil method
one of the oldest ways of forming pottery. long strands of clay which are laid on top of each other and joined through blending coil to coil. coil pieces can be almost any shape and any size
71
matte
a soft finish with little or no shine.
72
clay that is completely dried but not yet fired.
bone dry
73
slab
a flattened out piece of clay; you may use a rolling pin or slab roller to achieve a slab of clay. Clay are cut to shape and join together using scoring and wet clay called slip. Slabs can be draped over or into forms, rolled around cylinders or built-up into geometric forms. Large forms are difficult because of stresses on the seams and because the slab naturally sags. Some potters get around this by working fibers into the caly body. The fibers burn out during the firing, leaving a network of tiny holes
74
a term which usually refers to the bone china of England, but also is associated with vitreous white wares and porcelain.
china
75
the cone temperature that is fired on the shelf of a kiln. the amount of heating the ware actually receives.
shelf cone temperature
76
small holes made by puncturing the green-ware with a needle tool when two pieces of ware have been attached. These small holes allow the air and gases to escape during firing. Also refers to the peep holes in the side of the kiln.
vent holes
77
a flattened out piece of clay; you may use a rolling pin or slab roller to achieve a slab of clay. Clay are cut to shape and join together using scoring and wet clay called slip. Slabs can be draped over or into forms, rolled around cylinders or built-up into geometric forms. Large forms are difficult because of stresses on the seams and because the slab naturally sags. Some potters get around this by working fibers into the caly body. The fibers burn out during the firing, leaving a network of tiny holes
slab
78
having to do with clay or glass or the mixing of objects from clay or glass
ceramic
79
clay in liquid form.
slip clay
80
is the process kneading the clay so as to remove air pockets and create uniform consistency of clay
wedging
81
plasticity
refers to the ability of clay to be formed into a shape and retain it.
82
slip/score tehnique
method used in hand building to connect two pieces of clay together
83
cone temperature
is the mixture or time and temperature at which the cone will bend to show the kilns temperature on the shelf.
84
Terra cotta
a brownish-orange earthenware clay body commonly used for ceramic sculpture.
85
tiny holes in the final surface finish of a glaze or Under-glaze.
pin holes
86
greenware
a term used to describe unfired clay objects in general.
87
one of the oldest ways of forming pottery. long strands of clay which are laid on top of each other and joined through blending coil to coil. coil pieces can be almost any shape and any size
coil method
88
transparent
(T): clear base colors which are free from cloudiness or distortion.
89
gloss
a shiny, glass-like finish.
90
china
a term which usually refers to the bone china of England, but also is associated with vitreous white wares and porcelain.
91
clay objects that have been fired for the first time and without any glaze applied to them.
bisque ware
92
a product that has been tested and determined to be safe for use on surfaces which come in contact with food or drink.
food-safe
93
sprigging-on
a term used to describe the technique of adding small clay forms as decoration on the surface of pottery forms; also called applied decoration.
94
food-safe
a product that has been tested and determined to be safe for use on surfaces which come in contact with food or drink.
95
glaze ware
bisque ware that has been glazed then fired.
96
glass-forming chemicals, usually with colorants added, that applied in liquid form to bisque ware and fired in a kiln, form a pleasing, usually glossy coating to the surface of the clay. Glaze can be colored, opaque, translucent or matte.
glaze
97
the refractory coating applied to the top of the kiln shelves to protect them from glaze drops.
kiln wash
98
foot
the base or the part of the piece of ceramic on which it rests
99
glaze
glass-forming chemicals, usually with colorants added, that applied in liquid form to bisque ware and fired in a kiln, form a pleasing, usually glossy coating to the surface of the clay. Glaze can be colored, opaque, translucent or matte.
100
(pyrometric cone): A mixture of ceramic materials that is designed to soften and bend when the proper mixture of time and temperature is reached in the interior of the kiln.
cone
101
cone
(pyrometric cone): A mixture of ceramic materials that is designed to soften and bend when the proper mixture of time and temperature is reached in the interior of the kiln.
102
the term throw comes from old english meaning spin. a piece of clay is placed on a potters wheel head which spins. the clay is shaped by compression while it is in motion. often the potter will use several thrown shapes together to form one piece (a teapot can be constructed from three or four thrown forms).
wheel thrown
103
to draw or make lines into clay
score
104
(vent holes): Small holes in the side of the kiln used for viewing shelf cones and ventilating the kiln during the firing process.
peep holes
105
clay is hardened by heating it to a high temperature, fusing the clay particles. primitive pottery is usually fired on the ground or in pits with whatever flammable material is available. Kilns allow a more efficient use of materials and more control over the atmosphere during a firing. Firing has two basic atmospheres. Oxidation and reduction, these two atmospheres will affect the color of the final piece.
firing
106
wheel thrown
the term throw comes from old english meaning spin. a piece of clay is placed on a potters wheel head which spins. the clay is shaped by compression while it is in motion. often the potter will use several thrown shapes together to form one piece (a teapot can be constructed from three or four thrown forms).
