Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

imagery

A

language that appeals to the senses; in strong poetry, imagery serves to both excite the senses and deepen meaning

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2
Q

poetry

A

creative writing that uses compression, figures of speech, imagery and other techniques to express strong thoughts and feelings; one of the most important and powerful means of human expression

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3
Q

unity

A

when a work possesses an internal logic; when all of its various components work together so that if one were taken away or added, the reader would see that the work has suffered in quality; considered a sign of excellence

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4
Q

paradox

A

a comparison that seems to make no sense but really does (oxymoron)

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5
Q

allusion

A

in literature or speech, when the writer or speaker references or mentions another work or historical event

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6
Q

linguistics

A

the study of language

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7
Q

pidgin

A

a hybrid language that evolves from different languages

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8
Q

creole

A

a pidgin that is passed on to the next generation

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9
Q

grapheme

A

the smallest free-standing symbol in a language (letter)

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10
Q

morpheme

A

the smallest possible unit of linguistic meaning (syllable)

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11
Q

old english
middle english
modern english

A

449 AD-1100
1100-1500
1500-

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12
Q

phoneme

A

the smallest possible sound unit in language

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13
Q

roman a clef

A

a novel based on true life characters with different names

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14
Q

bildungsroman

A

a novel about a young person growing up and the challenges of youth and change

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15
Q

atman

A

the presence, in all creatures, of divinity

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16
Q

namaste

A

“I bow to the divinity in you”, greeting

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17
Q

baboo

A

father

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18
Q

bodhisattva

A

a possible reincarnated Buddha; an extraordinarily good person

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19
Q

dharma

A

duty, destiny, what a creature was born to do

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20
Q

guru

A

a religious teacher in Hinduism

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21
Q

mahatma

A

“great soul”

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22
Q

mantra

A

a short repeated chant in Hinduism and Buddhism

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23
Q

shanti

A

peace

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24
Q

sanskrit

A

the ancient (dead) language of Hindu scripture

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25
Q

Buddha

A

“the awakened one”

26
Q

karma

A

the sum of a person’s actions in this and previous states of existence

27
Q

ahimsa

A

“do no harm” (to living creatures) in Hinduism and Buddhism

28
Q

brahma

A

the god known as “the creator”

29
Q

shiva

A

the god known as “the destroyer”

30
Q

vishnu

A

the god known as “the preserver”

31
Q

brahman

A

the unchanging perfect reality beyond and within the universe

32
Q

maya

A

the reality that we think is real (this world, us)

33
Q

samsara

A

the cycle of life, death, and rebirth

34
Q

moksha

A

release from the cycle of samsara into brahman

35
Q

nirvana

A

hinduism- union with brahman

buddhism- point that devout buddhist reaches when they let go of earthly desires

36
Q

om

A

the most sacred word in hinduism and buddhism; often chanted; believed to be the sound of the universe

37
Q

tanka

A
japanese poem
31 syllables total 
5 lines 
first 3 lines- 7 syllables each 
last 2 lines- 5 syllables each
38
Q

haiku

A

japanese poem
17 syllables total
3 lines
5-7-5

39
Q

shahadah (first pillar)

A

islamic declaration “there is no god but God, and muhammad is his one true messenger”

40
Q

salat (second pillar)

A

praying 5 times a day facing Mecca

41
Q

zakat (third pillar)

A

families should give 2.5% of income/ acts of kindness to the poor

42
Q

sawm (fourth pillar)

A

fasting and prayer of Ramadan

43
Q

hajj (fifth pillar)

A

if one is able, make pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime

44
Q

salam

A

peace, nonreligious greeting

45
Q

allahu akbar

A

God is great

46
Q

bismillah

A

in the name of Allah

47
Q

inshallah

A

Allah willing

48
Q

rahimakallah

A

may Allah bless you

49
Q

assalamu alaikom

A

peace be unto you

50
Q

adhan

A

the call to prayer

51
Q

ihram

A

two part body cloth worn by men during hajj

52
Q

Islam

A

to surrender to God

53
Q

jihad

A

holy war, war against sin

54
Q

kaaba

A

square building in the middle of Mecca

55
Q

Quran

A

recitation, the very word of God as received by Muhammad the prophet

56
Q

minaret

A

tower of a mosque

57
Q

Muslim

A

one who submits or surrenders

58
Q

muezzin

A

singer of the adhan

59
Q

caliph

A

successor to the prophet

60
Q

criticism

A

literary criticism is devoted to the comparison, analysis, evaluation and interpretation of literary works; subjective and debatable; can be positive or negative; literary criticism can enhance the enjoyment of both reading and thinking about literature