Vocabulary

Question 1

Solution

Answer 1

A mixture that contains at least one solvent and one solute.

Question 2

Solute

Answer 2

The substance that is dissolved by the solvent

Question 3

Solvent

Answer 3

The part of the solution that is usually present in the largest amount and dissolves a solute.

Question 4

Mixture

Answer 4

Two or more substances together in the same place but not chemically bonded.

Question 5

Homogeneous

Answer 5

You can’t see the different parts and not is easily separated.

Question 6

Heterogeneous

Answer 6

It is not difficult to see the different parts and is not difficult to seperate.

Question 7

Solubility

Answer 7

A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solute at a given temperature.

Question 8

Saturated

Answer 8

When you add so much solute that no more can dissolve.

Question 9

Unsaturated

Answer 9

When you continue to add more solute to a saturated solution

Question 10

Super-Saturated

Answer 10

If a heated saturated solution cools slowly the extra solute may remain dissolved to form a supersaturated solution.

Question 11

Concentrated Solution

Answer 11

A mixture that has a lot a solute dissolved in it.

Question 12

Dilute Solution

Answer 12

A mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in it.

Question 13

Chemical Bond

Answer 13

The force of attraction that holds two atoms together.

Question 14

Covalent Bond

Answer 14

A chemical bond that is formed when two atoms share electrons.

Question 15

Ionic Bond

Answer 15

The attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 16

Valence Electrons

Answer 16

The electrons that are in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical bonding.

Question 17

Ionic Compound

Answer 17

A compound that consists of positive and negative ions.

Question 18

Molecular Compound

Answer 18

A compound composed of molecules.

Question 19

Compound

Answer 19

A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio or proportion.

Question 20

Molecule

Answer 20

A nuetral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

Question 21

Atoms

Answer 21

The basic particle from which all elements are made; the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.

Question 22

Isotopes

Answer 22

An atom with the same number of protons and a different number of nuetrons from other atoms of the same element.

Question 23

Atomic Mass

Answer 23

The average mass of all the isotopes in an element.

Question 24

Mass Number

Answer 24

The sum of protons and nuetrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 25

Negative Ion

Answer 25

The element that gains elements to get a complete shell is a negative ion.

Question 26

Ion

Answer 26

An atom or group of atoms that has become electronically charged.

Question 27

Anion

Answer 27

Cation

Question 28

Chemical reactions

Answer 28

A process in which substances change into new substances with different properties

Question 29

Endothermic

Answer 29

An reaction that absorbs energy.

Question 30

Exothermic Reaction

Answer 30

Reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat.

Question 31

Activation energy

Answer 31

The minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Question 32

Types of reactions

Answer 32

There are four types of reactions.

Question 33

Synthesis

Answer 33

A chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a new more complex substance.

Question 34

Decomposition

Answer 34

A chemical reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler products.

Question 35

Single replacement

Answer 35

When one element switches with another

Question 36

Double replacement

Answer 36

When two elements switch places with each other.

Question 37

Combustion

Answer 37

The products would be water and carbon dioxide.

Question 38

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 38

The principle that the amount of matter is neither created nor destroyed during any chemical or physical change

Question 39

Inhibitor

Answer 39

A material that decreases the rate of a reaction.

Question 40

Chemical formulas

Answer 40

Symbols that show the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms

Question 41

Subscripts

Answer 41

A number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound

Question 42

Coefficients

Answer 42

A number in front of a chemical formula and equation that indicates how many molecules or atoms each reaction and product are involved in an action

Question 43

Reactants

Answer 43

A substance that enters into a chemical reaction.

Question 44

Products

Answer 44

A substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

Question 45

Acid

Answer 45

A substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus red.

Question 46

Bases

Answer 46

A substance that taste bitter, feels slippery, and turns red that turns red litmus paper blue

Question 47

Indicator

Answer 47

A compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base.

Question 48

Hydrogen ion

Answer 48

A positively charged ion formed of a hydrogen ion that has lost its electrons.

Question 49

Hydroxide ion

Answer 49

A negatively charged ion made of oxygen and hydrogen.

Question 50

pH scale

Answer 50

A range of values that is used to indicate how acidic or basic a substance is; Expresses the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.