Vocabulary Flashcards
Jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules and in some cells organelles
Cytoplasm
Theory that states that all organisms are made of cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is most basic unit of life
Cell theory
Membrane-bound structure that is specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell
Organelle
Cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane- bound organelle
Prokaryotic cell
Network of proteins such as microtubules and micro filaments, inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell
Cytoskeleton
Organelle composed of a double membrane that acts as the storehouse for most of a cell’s DNA
Nucleus
Interconnected network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process, and distribute proteins
Enfolds in reticulum
Organelle that links amino acids together to form proteins
Ribosome
Stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins
Golgi apparatus
Small organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm
Vesicle
Bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA
Mitochondria
Organelle that is used to store materials, such as water, food, or enzymes that are needed by the cell
Vacuole
Organelle that contains enzymes
Lysosome
Small cylinder-shaped organelle made of protein tubes arranged in a circle, aids mitosis
Centriole
Rigid structures that gives protection, supports, and shape to cells in plants,algae, fungi, and bacteria
Cell wall
Organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy, that contains chlorophyll
Chloroplast
Double-layer of phospholipids that forms a boundary between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell
Cell membrane
Molecule that forms a double-layered cell membrane, consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids
Phospholipids
Model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane
Fluid mosaic model
Condition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane
Selective permeability
Protein that detects a signal molecule and performs and action
Receptor
Movement of molecules across the cell membranes without energy input from the cell
Passive transport
Movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Diffusion
Difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another
Concentration gradient
