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8th Grade History > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

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0
Q

What is authority

A

Power with the right to control power

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1
Q

What is power

A

The ability to control someone or something

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2
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Landed in Bahamas and sailed ocean blue on 1492

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3
Q

John Cabot

A

An English sailer trying to find northwest passage to china

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4
Q

Stamp act

A

The 1765 British decree taxing all legal papers issued in the colonies

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5
Q

King George the third

A

He created the proclamation line he enforced many tax laws on colonists

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6
Q

King George

A

He created the proclamation line and enforced many tax laws

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7
Q

Articles of confederation

A

The plan ratified by the states in 1771

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8
Q

King George

A

He created the proclamation line and enforced many tax laws

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9
Q

Articles of confederation

A

The plan ratified by the states in 1771

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10
Q

Legislative branch

A

Concerning the branch of government (congress)that makes laws

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11
Q

Parliament

A

The assembly of representatives who make laws in England

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12
Q

What is boycott

A

A refusal to buy

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13
Q

American revolution

A

An 8 year war between the 13 colonies

And England

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14
Q

Acqult

A

To declare innocent of a crime or wrong doing

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15
Q

Boston tea party

A

The 1773 protest against British trade policies

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16
Q

Executive branch

A

Concerning the branch of government (president and Vice President) that enforces laws.

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17
Q

Judicial branch

A

Concerning the branch of government (Supreme Court federal court)

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18
Q

Frontier line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness

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19
Q

Amendment

A

A change or a addition to a legal document. This is why the constitution is called “Living Document”. Constitution has 27 amendments

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20
Q

Amendment 5

A

Prohibits trial for a crime except on indictment of a Grand Jury and double jeopardy.

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21
Q

Amendment 6

A

Right to a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury

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22
Q

Amendment 7

A

Right to trial by a jury in civil cases.

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23
Q

Amendment 8

A

Prohibits imposing cruel, unusual punishments and fines, prohibits granting excessive bails.

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24
Q

Amendment 9

A

Assures the recognition of those rights that people may have but are not listed here.

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25
Q

Amendment 10

A

Provides that the powers that are not given to the United States nor prohibited by the constitution are reserved to the states respectively or to the people.

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26
Q

Constitutional convention

A

The meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 that resulted in the writing of the Constitution.

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27
Q

New Jersey plan

A

a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state.

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28
Q

Virginia plan

A

a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a legislature of two houses with proportional representation in each house and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature.

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29
Q

Federalist

A

A person who favored the plan of government created by the Constitution.

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30
Q

Anti-Federalist

A

A person who opposed ratification of the Constitution.

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31
Q

Frontier Line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness.

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32
Q

Northwest Territory

A

The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states.

33
Q

Surveyed

A

To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships

34
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

44)Northwest Ordinance- The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.

35
Q

Republicanism

A

For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.

36
Q

Louisiana purchase

A

The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.

37
Q

Lewis and Clark expedition

A

The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.

38
Q

Pioneer

A

They lived in permanent homes on farms and brought civilization to the frontier. Last to enter frontier region.

39
Q

Rendezvous

A

A meeting or get together agreed on in advance with mountain men in the early 1800’s to support the fur trade.

40
Q

Assimilate

A

To adopt the dominate culture. (i.e. dress, language & heritage.)

41
Q

South Pass

A

A low lying area through the Rocky Mountains in that is now Wyoming. Many trails west used this pass to get through the Rocky Mtns. (i.e. Mormon and Oregon Trail)

42
Q

Frontier Line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness.

43
Q

Northwest Territory

A

The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states.

44
Q

Surveyed

A

To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships

45
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

44)Northwest Ordinance- The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.

46
Q

Republicanism

A

For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.

47
Q

Louisiana purchase

A

The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.

48
Q

Lewis and Clark expedition

A

The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.

49
Q

Pioneer

A

They lived in permanent homes on farms and brought civilization to the frontier. Last to enter frontier region.

50
Q

Rendezvous

A

A meeting or get together agreed on in advance with mountain men in the early 1800’s to support the fur trade.

51
Q

Assimilate

A

To adopt the dominate culture. (i.e. dress, language & heritage.)

52
Q

South Pass

A

A low lying area through the Rocky Mountains in that is now Wyoming. Many trails west used this pass to get through the Rocky Mtns. (i.e. Mormon and Oregon Trail)

53
Q

Frontier Line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness.

54
Q

Northwest Territory

A

The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states.

55
Q

Surveyed

A

To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships

56
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

44)Northwest Ordinance- The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.

57
Q

Republicanism

A

For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.

58
Q

Louisiana purchase

A

The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.

59
Q

Lewis and Clark expedition

A

The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.

60
Q

Pioneer

A

They lived in permanent homes on farms and brought civilization to the frontier. Last to enter frontier region.

61
Q

Rendezvous

A

A meeting or get together agreed on in advance with mountain men in the early 1800’s to support the fur trade.

62
Q

Assimilate

A

To adopt the dominate culture. (i.e. dress, language & heritage.)

63
Q

South Pass

A

A low lying area through the Rocky Mountains in that is now Wyoming. Many trails west used this pass to get through the Rocky Mtns. (i.e. Mormon and Oregon Trail)

64
Q

Slave codes

A

Laws controlling treatment of slaves. Specific rules on what slaves could and couldn’t do on the plantation.

65
Q

Middle Passage

A

The journey lasting 3 months of slave ships crossing the Atlantic from Africa.

66
Q

Economy

A

The way people use resources to make a living.

67
Q

Three – Fifths Compromise

A

Fifths Compromise- Created with the Constitution in 1778 to count FIVE slaves as THREE people for the census in the House of Reps. (CONGRESS) = House of Reps and Senate to create laws in the U.S.

68
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

The 1854 law creating the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and allowing settlers there to decide whether to permit slavery. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY. Both pro and anti slavery forces used violence to control people’s votes.

69
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

The pre civil war policy of allowing the voters in a territory to decide whether or not to allow slavery

70
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

Compromise of 1820- Act in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and forbidding slavery north of the 36 30’ line.

71
Q

Sectionalism

A

Loyalty to local interests. One of the issues that divided people was the issue of slavery.

72
Q

Soil Exhaustion

A

The overuse of fertile soil. Plantations went west as cotton used up the nutrients of the soil.

73
Q

Cotton Gin

A

A machine designed to separate seeds from cotton fiber created by Eli Whitney. The machine increased the demand for slaves in the south.

74
Q

Mill

A

A machine that processes materials such as grain. Used water power and were in the north.

75
Q

Conestoga Wagon

A

A horse pulled covered wagon with wide wheels, curved wagon bed, and an arched canvas top.

76
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious movement in the 13 colonies around 1740. Descibed the agonies of Hell & urged people to go to church and repent their sins. Start of anti-slavery in the north.

77
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

Trials in 1692 in the COLONY of Salem, Massachusetts that led to 20 peoples’ death after young girls charged people with practicing witchcraft.

78
Q

Abolitionist

A

A person who worked in the movement to do away with slavery. Feelings started in the First Great Awakening in the north.

79
Q

Mexican War

A

The 1846- 1848 war. Known as Polk’s War. It completed Manifest Destiny.

80
Q

Annex

A

Add to existing country or area.

81
Q

Battle of San Jacinto

A

1836 battle in which Texan force under Santa Anna were defeated by, Sam Houston and lost independence to Texas.

8th Grade History (1 decks)

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