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Biology > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

0
Q

What are ideas that have been supported over time called?

A

Theory

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1
Q

What is the proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations? (Usually written in an IF…then format)

A

Hypothesis

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2
Q

What is the observed factor that may change in response to the other variable?

A

Dependent variable

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3
Q

What is the factor that is purposely changed in an experiment?

A

Independent Variable

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4
Q

A test in which only one variable is changed while other variables remain the same is called a ________

A

Controlled Experiment

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5
Q

What is the smallest unit of an organisms that can be considered to be alive?

A

Cell

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6
Q

What is the process by which organisms keep their internal body conditions fairly constant to survive?

A

Homeostasis

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7
Q

What is a change in a kind of organism over time called?

A

Evolution

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8
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

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9
Q

The center of an atom is called ______?

A

Nucleus

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10
Q

A/an means?

A

Negative, not or without

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11
Q

Ase- means ______?

A

Enzyme

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12
Q

The prefix/suffix auto- means

A

Self

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13
Q

The prefix bio means____?

A

Life/live

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14
Q

Centi- means….

A

One hundred

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15
Q

Chlor- means ______?

A

Green

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16
Q

The prefix/suffix deca- means?

A

Ten

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17
Q

The prefix/suffix Di- means….

A

Two or second

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18
Q

Eu- means?

A

Real or true

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19
Q

Glyc- means….

A

Sugar

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20
Q

The prefix hetero- means?

A

Different/other

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21
Q

Homo- means?

A

Similar or alike

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22
Q

Hydro- is the prefix that means ______?

A

Water

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23
Q

Hyper- means?

A

Over or beyond

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24
Q

The prefix hypo- means?

A

Under or less than

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25
Q

The prefix inter- means?

A

Among or between

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26
Q

Kilo- is the prefix that means….

A

One thousand

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27
Q

Ology- is the suffix that means….

A

Science or the study of

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28
Q

Micro- means _____?

A

Small

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29
Q

The prefix milli- means….

A

One-thousandth

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30
Q

Photo- means….

A

Light

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31
Q

The prefix poly- means ____?

A

Many

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32
Q

The suffix scope means….

A

To look

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33
Q

The prefix sym- means ____?

A

Together

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34
Q

Troph- means _____?

A

Food

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35
Q

The positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom

A

Proton

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35
Q

The particle with no charge found in the nucleus of an atom

A

Neutron

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36
Q

The negatively charged particle found outside of the nucleus of an atom

A

Electron

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37
Q

The negatively charged particle found outside of the nucleus

A

Electron

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38
Q

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

A

Isotope

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39
Q

The process by which large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together

A

Macromolecules

40
Q

A positively or negatively charged atom

A

Ion

41
Q

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

A

Ionic bond

42
Q

Formed when electrons are shared between atoms

A

Covalent bond

43
Q

Monomer of nucleic acid

A

Nucleotide

44
Q

The nucleic acid that contains all genetic information for a cell

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

45
Q

A monomer of carbohydrates (sugar).

A

Glucose

46
Q

The monomer of protein

A

Amino acid

47
Q

The substance that is dissolved in a solution

A

Solute

48
Q

The substance un which the solute dissolves in a solution

A

Solvent

49
Q

The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment

A

Ecology

50
Q

Is a portion of the planet in which all life exist

A

Biosphere

51
Q

A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring

A

Species

52
Q

A group of individuals that belong to the same species and Iive in the same area

A

Population

53
Q

Two or more different populations that live in a defined area

A

Community

54
Q

A collection of all organisms that live in a particular place, together with their non-living environment

A

Ecosystem

55
Q

A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities

A

Biome

56
Q

(Producer) an organism that can make it’s own food internally

A

Autotrophs

57
Q

(Consumer) an organism that relies on other organisms for energy and food supply

A

Heterotrophs

58
Q

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating or being eaten

A

Food chain

59
Q

Links all the food chains together in an ecosystem

A

Food web

60
Q

A process in which elements, chemical compounds and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another

A

Biogeochemical Cycle

61
Q

The evaporation of water from the leaves of plants

A

Transpiration

62
Q

The conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia by bacteria to another

A

Nitrogen Fixation

63
Q

Any relationship in which two species live together

A

Symbiosis

64
Q

A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit

A

Mutualism

65
Q

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside another organism and causes no harm

A

Commensalism

66
Q

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it

A

Parasitism

67
Q

A cell that contains a nucleus

A

Eukaryotic

68
Q

A cell that does not contain a nucleus

A

Prokaryotic

69
Q

A cell organelle that makes protein

A

Ribosomes

70
Q

Cell organelle that converts food into energy

A

Mitochondria

71
Q

Controls what enters and leaves the cell and also provides protection and support

A

Cell Membrane

72
Q

Found outside the cell membrane in plants, algae, fungi and some bacteria that provides support and protection

A

Cell wall

73
Q

The movement of particles more from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

A

Diffusion

74
Q

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

75
Q

The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

A

Cell division

76
Q

Mitosis

A

The process by which the nucleus is divided into two identical nuclei

77
Q

Generics

A

The scientific study of heredity

78
Q

Gene

A

The chemical factor that determines a trait

79
Q

Punnett Square

A

Tool used to predict outcomes in genetics

80
Q

Homozygous

A

An organism with two identical alleles for a particular trait

81
Q

Heterozygous

A

An organism with two different alleles for a particular trait

82
Q

Meiosis

A

The process that makes the sex cells

83
Q

Fertilization

A

The joining of male and female reproductive cells to produce a new cell

84
Q

Gamete

A

The term for sex cell, egg or sperm

85
Q

Protein Synthesis

A

The process of making proteins

86
Q

Mutation

A

Change in DNA (genetic material)

87
Q

Behavioral Adaptations

A

A type of adaption that affects the behavior of an animal (migration)

88
Q

Physiological Adaptions

A

A type of adaptions that affect the function of an organism (blood clotting)

89
Q

Morphological Adaptations

A

A type of adaption that affects the structure of an organism (web feet)

90
Q

Fossil

A

Preserved remains of ancient organisms

91
Q

Natural Selection

A

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully (survival of the fittest)

92
Q

Biological Diversity

A

Variety of organisms in the biosphere

93
Q

Adaptations

A

Inherited traits that increase an organism’s chance of survival

94
Q

Taxonomy

A

The science of classifying organisms

95
Q

Plant

A

Multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls

96
Q

Animals

A

Multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs who’s cells lack cell walls

97
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Process by which plants and some organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose

98
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen

Biology (6 decks)

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