Vocabulary Flashcards
The ability to respond to a visual stimulus even with no conscious awareness of the stimulus
Blindsight
widespread damage to temporal lobes; monkeys can walk around ok, but put cigarettes & razor blades into their mouths
Kluver Bucy Syndrome
caused by damage to the right parietal lobe; people ignore objects in their contralateral half of body
Visual Neglect
able to see, but unable to recognize; due to damage to V2 temporal lobe
Visual Agnosia
an area of blindness due to damage to the primary (V1); blind in corresponding contralateral visual field of both eye
Scotomas
a sensory receptor in the dermis or epidermis
Cutaneous Receptor
a sudden onset cerebrovasular event that causes brain damage
Stroke
bleeding in the brain
cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral stroke
disruption of blood supply in the brain
cerebral ischemia or ischemia stroke
a tumor growing within membranes; usually benign and can be surgically removed
Encapsulated Tumor
a tumor that grows through surrounding tissue; malignant, difficult to remove or destroy
Infilitrating Tumor
closed-head injuries that involve damage to the cerebral circulatory system
contusion
a bruise or collected blood
Hematoma
invasion of the brain by microorganisms
brain infections
a common bacterial brain infection
syphilis
a common viral brain infection
rabies, mumps & herpes
chronic insanity produced by a neurotoxin
toxic psychosis
a chronic insanity due to mercury exposure
mad hatter
unaware of illness; direct consequence of neglect syndrome
ansognosia
unable to recognize particular faces; inability to recognize specific objects belonging to a complex class of objects
prosopagnosia
tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) can treat _________
Cerebral Ischemia or Ischemia Stroke
resulting inflammation from brain infection
encephalitis
contusions are often on the side of the brain opposite to the blow
countercoup injury
seizures are often preceded by a smell, hallucination or feeling called ___________
epileptic aura
general information memory is called
semantic memory
memory of events is called
episodic memory
semantic memory may function normally while episodic memory does not
medial temporal lobe amnesia
synapses are effectively made stronger by repeated stimulation
long-term potentiation (LTP)
difficulty performing movements when asked to do so out of context
apraxia
a speech disorder in which a person has difficulty comprehending speech and producing meaning spontaneous speech; caused by damage to the region of the brain posterior to Wernick’s area
transcortical sensory aphasia
presence of abnormal symptoms (incoherence, hallucinations, delusions)
postivie symptoms
absence of normal symptoms (flat affect, cognitive deficits, little speech)
negative symptoms
fear in the absence of threat
anxiety
when anxiety interferes with normal functioning; accompanied by physiological symptoms
anxiety disorder
stress and anxiety in the absence of a causal stimulus
generalized anxiety disorder
stress and anxiety triggered by a stimulus
phobic anxiety disorder
obsessive thoughts alleviated by compulsive actions
obsessive compulsive disorder
the ability to discriminate, categorize and react to environmental stimuli
consciousness
difficult to recognize an object by touch but can recognize pictures or sketch out the same object
somatosensory agnosia
a tumor encased or attached to meninges
meningiomas brain tumor
a tumor that grows diffusely through surrounding tissue
infiltrating brain tumor
transfer of tumor cells from one region to another
metastatic brain tumor
a glutamate receptor
NMDA receptor
a neurotransmitter important for long-term potentiation, learning and memory
glutamate
brain injuries due to blows that do not penetrate the skull, the brain collides with the skull
closed head injuries
a condition caused by repeated cerebral concussions and characterized by weakness in the lower limbs, unsteadiness of gait, slowness of muscular movements, hand tremors, hesitancy of speech and mental dullness
punch-drunk syndrome
a disorder resulting in involuntary, repetitive body motions; caused by long rem or high dosage of chlorpromazine
tardive dyskinesia
process of program cell death
apoptosis
cells that promote regeneration
schwann cells
cells that block regeneration
oligodendrogila cells
unable to remember the past
retrograde amnesia
unable to form new memories
anterograde amnesia
a contact lens to restrict visual input to one hemisphere
z lens
