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AP HUG > vocabulary #2 > Flashcards

vocabulary #2 Flashcards

1
Q

agricultural density

A

the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land (land suitable for agriculture)`

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2
Q

Arithmetic density

A

the total number of people divided by the total land area

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3
Q

Census

A

a complete enumeration of a population

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4
Q

Crude birth rate (CBR)

A

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people live in the society

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5
Q

Crude Deatg Rate (CDR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society

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6
Q

Demographic transition

A

The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rares, low rate of natural increase, and higher total population.

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7
Q

Demography

A

the scientific study of population characteristics

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8
Q

Dependency ratio

A

the number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

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9
Q

Doubling time

A

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

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10
Q

Ecumene

A

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

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11
Q

Elderly support ratio

A

The number of working-age (ages 15-64) divided by the number of persons 65 or older

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12
Q

Epidemiologic transition

A

the process of change in the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

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13
Q

Epidemiology

A

the branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality

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14
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

1750

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

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15
Q

Infant mortality rate (IMR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for every 1,000 lives births in a society

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16
Q

Life expectancy

A

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant an expect to live

17
Q

Maternity mortality rate

A

The annual number if of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes)

18
Q

Medical Revolution

A

1950
Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people live longer and healthier lives

19
Q

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

A

The percentage-age growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

20
Q

Overpopulation

A

A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

21
Q

Pandemic

A

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population

22
Q

Physiological density

A

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

23
Q

Population pyramid

A

A bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex

24
Q

Sex ratio

A

The number of males per 100 females in the population

25
Q

Total fertility rate (TFR)

A

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years

26
Q

Zero population growth (ZPG)

A

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural rate of increase equals zero.

AP HUG (6 decks)

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