vocabulary

Question 1

direct characterisation

Answer 1

the author expllicitly decribes a characters traits (e.g. she was kind and gentle)

Question 2

indirect characterisation

Answer 2

the reader infers traits through a characters actions, dialogue, thoughts, or how others react to them

Question 3

archetype

Answer 3

a universal character model or pattern (e.g. the hero, the mentor)

Question 4

foil

Answer 4

a character who contrasts with amother, highlighting their traits

Question 5

linear narrative

Answer 5

events are presentes in chronological order

Question 6

non-linear narrative

Answer 6

events presented out of order (e.g. flashbacks, flashforwards)

Question 7

conflict

Answer 7

the main problem driving the story, wither internal (characts vs. self) or external (character vs other forces like society, nature, or another character)

Question 8

foreshadowing

Answer 8

hints about events to come

Question 9

climax

Answer 9

the turning point or moment of highest tension

Question 10

pathetic fallacy

Answer 10

attributing human emotions to nature or the enviroment to reflect mood

Question 11

first person

Answer 11

the narrator is a character in the story

Question 12

third person limited

Answer 12

the narrator knows the thoughts of one character

Question 13

theird person omniscient

Answer 13

the narrator knows the thoughts of all characters

Question 14

unrelibale narrator

Answer 14

a narrator whose credibility is questionable

Question 15

stream of consciousness

Answer 15

a narrative style that mimics the flow of a characters thoughtd

Question 16

intrusive narrator

Answer 16

a narrator who interrupts the story to provide commentary

Question 17

imagery

Answer 17

descriptive language appealing to the senses

Question 18

metaphor

Answer 18

direct comparison

Question 19

simile

Answer 19

comparison using like or as

Question 20

symbolism

Answer 20

using objects or characters ti represnt abstract ideas

Question 21

allusion

Answer 21

a refrence to another text, historical event, or cultural figure

Question 21

motif

Answer 21

a recurring element, such as an image or idea, that reinforces themes

Question 22

allegory

Answer 22

a story functioning as an extended metaphor where characters and events represnt abstarct ideas

Question 23

tone

Answer 23

the authors attitude toward the subject

Question 24

mood

Answer 24

the eotional atmosphere created by the text

Question 25

purpose

Answer 25

the reason the author writes the text

Question 26

audience

Answer 26

the intended readers or viewiers, influencing tone and style

Question 27

problem solution

Answer 27

presenting an issue and propsing resolutions

Question 27

cause and effect

Answer 27

explaning why something happens and its consequences

Question 28

chronological

Answer 28

events or points repesented in time order

Question 29

compare and contrast

Answer 29

highlighting similarities and difference between ideas

Question 30

cyclical structure

Answer 30

a structure where the ending mirrors or reflects the beginning

Question 31

informal language

Answer 31

conversational tone, including colloquialisms and slang

Question 32

formal language

Answer 32

polished, professional tone with precise vocabulary

Question 32

juxtaposition

Answer 32

placing contrasting ideas events, or descriptions close together for effect

Question 33

rhetorical questions

Answer 33

questions posed to provoke thought rather than elicit an answer

Question 34

cliche

Answer 34

a over-used expression

Question 34

ethos

Answer 34

establishing credibility or authority

Question 35

pathos

Answer 35

appealing to emotions

Question 36

antithesis

Answer 36

contarsting ideas placed in parallel structures

Question 37

logos

Answer 37

appealing to logic through facts and statisitics

Question 38

chaismus

Answer 38

a rhetorical figure where words or phrases are reversed for effect

Question 39

jargon

Answer 39

specialised language used, often defined by profession or group of shared intrests

Question 39

hyperbole

Answer 39

deliberate exaggeration for effect

Question 40

anecodote

Answer 40

a short personal story to illustrate a point

Question 41

direct adress

Answer 41

speaking directly to the audience

Question 42

imperative

Answer 42

an order or command for an action

Question 43

repititon

Answer 43

words or statements used more than once for emphasis

Question 44

point of view

Answer 44

the authors perspective or stance

Question 45

bias

Answer 45

the authors subjective views or prefrences, often revealed through word choice

Question 46

euphemism

Answer 46

mild or indirect phrasing to soften harsh realities

Question 47

satire

Answer 47

use of humour, oring, or ridicule to criticise or expose flaws in individulas or scoiety

Question 48

lineation

Answer 48

how lines are arranged in the poem

Question 49

stanza forms

Answer 49

grouping of lines

Question 50

enjabment

Answer 50

a line that flows without pasue into the next

Question 51

caesura

Answer 51

a pause within a line, often marked by punctuation

Question 52

volta

Answer 52

a shift in tone or argument, especially in sonnets

Question 53

free verse

Answer 53

poetry without a regular rhyme or meter

Question 54

allitertaion

Answer 54

repition of initial constant sounds

Question 55

assonance

Answer 55

repition of vowel sounds

Question 56

onomatopoeia

Answer 56

words that imitate sounds

Question 57

sibilance

Answer 57

repetition of s or sh sounds to create a hissing or soothing effect

Question 58

cacophony

Answer 58

use of harsh, discordant sounds

Question 59

euphony

Answer 59

use of pleasing, harmonious sounds

Question 59

personifiaction

Answer 59

attributing human qualities to non-human entities

Question 60

tone

Answer 60

the speakers attitude

Question 61

mood

Answer 61

the emotinal effect on the reader

Question 62

persona

Answer 62

the voice or role assumed by the poet or speaker

Question 63

dramatic monologue

Answer 63

a poem in which the speaker adresses a silent listenerm revealing their character indirectly