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Unit 6 > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Cornelius Vanderbilt

A

Famous American banker - Dutch heritage

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2
Q

John Adams

A

sought Dutch loans for the American Revolution

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3
Q

Peter Paul Rubens

A

Creates art where one person in painting is looking at audience

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4
Q

Vincent Van Gogh

A

Starry Night - not too happy person

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5
Q

Baruch Spinoza

A

Natural philosopher - advocated nationalism for Jewish religion

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6
Q

Robert Turgot

A

Tried to revise nobility

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7
Q

Robert Guillotine

A

Created Guillotine

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8
Q

Jewish Quarter

A

Safe space for Jews

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9
Q

Anne Frank

A

Emblematic of Jewish experience in Amsterdam

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10
Q

The Hague

A

International court of justice

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11
Q

Monsoon market place

A

Indian ocean trade network

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12
Q

French/Indian war

A

France and Britain both wanted America - Indians sided with both sides

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13
Q

Stamp Act

A

1765.- taxed everything

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14
Q

Townshend Acts

A

Taxed more things - like Stamp Act

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15
Q

Boston Masssacre

A

1770 - lots of people died due to revolutions

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16
Q

The Suns of the Liberty

A

Attacked tax collectors - group boarded ship and tossed tea (Boston Tea Party)

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17
Q

Tithe

A

People who collected taxes

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18
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Middle Class - comprised of city workers, merchants, manufacturers, lawyers, doctors, and peasants

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19
Q

Estates General

A

Wanted fo fix issues that king or queen didn’t see

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20
Q

The National Assembly

A

Formed by 3rd estate

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21
Q

Tennis Court Oath

A

Peasants formed alliance that they would never dismantle until change occured

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22
Q

The Bastille

A

July 14, 1789 - commoners went into prison demanding the soldier to get gun powder; broke in and freed a lot of prisoners

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23
Q

The Great Fear

A

July 1789 - believed that there were robbers so people armed themselves but there were no robbers so instead they raged against landlords now as they were armed

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24
Q

The March on Versailles

A

October 1789 - People were hungry and starving - women were angry, struggling to find food - stormed palace

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25
Q

National Assembly

A

assembly formed by the working class:
Abolish feudal customs that existed before
Ended serfdom
Still have farmers though
Ended tax-exempt privileges of nobles
Ordered protection of personal property
Passed legislation

26
Q

Declaration of Rights of Man

A

Passed declaration - start of democratic
Equality of citizens
Protected personal property
Life, Liberty, Property

27
Q

Jacobins - Radicals

A

Wanted change
Led by Maximillien Robespierre

28
Q

The Reign of Terror

A

Led by Maximilien Robespierre - the committee of public safety - killed anyone who was still supporting the monarchy

29
Q

Directory

A

Constitution of 1795 - corrupted; struggling

30
Q

Napolean

A

Looked down upon in France as teen
Began as junior officer - strong military success
Became emperor of France eventually

31
Q

Coup d’Etat

A

Seizure of power over French Government - Napolean

32
Q

The Spanish Ulcer

A

Peninsular War

33
Q

Battle of Waterloo

A

Napolean was defeated

34
Q

Czar Alexander I

35
Q

Frederick William III

36
Q

Lord Castlereagh

37
Q

Charles Talleyrand

A

France; survived almost everything

38
Q

Prince Metternich

39
Q

Metternich System

A

Reflected growing conservatism - reaction to Napolean
* Civil Liberties
* Legitimacy
* Status Quo
* Suppress Democracy
* Suppress Nationalism
* Palance of Power

40
Q

Sources of Inspiration for Composers

A

Invocation of countryside
Invocation of Folk Music
Invocation of national literature
Martial marching music tradition
Cross-pollination multiple world cultures

41
Q

Ludwig van Beethoven

A

Eroica symphony - scratched out Napoleans name because Beethoven realized Napolean did everything just to become emperor

42
Q

Richard Wagner

A

German music and German pride
Created Gesamtkunstwerk
Controversies - needed to separate artist from music - good music bad guy

43
Q

Gesamtkunstwerk

A

Total art work - directory controls all aspects of art production

44
Q

Giuseppe Verdi

A

1870 - coincides with Italian Risorgimento

45
Q

Revanche

46
Q

Jean Sibelus

A

Finlandia - Finnish; most Patriotic European music

47
Q

Crystal Palace

A

Pax Britannica (peace in Europe); Britain show and tell

48
Q

Adam Smith

A

No government interference - Wealth of Nations

49
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

Population grows - can not provide for them; need ways to decrease population so that society can survive; Malthusian Trap

50
Q

David Ricardo

A

Low wages - less kids - shortages of workers - high wages - high wages - more kids - more workers - low wages; Iron Law of Wages; Dismissal Science

51
Q

Jeremy Bentham

A

No government involvement until people are in misery; If it’s not broken don’t fix it

52
Q

John Stuart Mill

A

Proposed active reforms - solve industries’ problems; liberal policies (right to vote, better education, etc…) - brilliant English thinker of the century

53
Q

Capitalism

A

Production is privately owned

54
Q

Socialism

A

Production owned by workers or state

55
Q

Robert Owen

A

Sets up model industrial community in 1800s; better conditions, safer, sanitary, high wages, schools, etc…

56
Q

Charles Fourier

A

Phalansteries - model community as well; do what you are talented at and share profits - failed

57
Q

Louis Blanc

A

Cooperative workshops with financial support from government; Natural system - “From each according to ability, to each according to need”

58
Q

Karl Marx

A

Scientific socialism - history is ruled by laws of nature; believed there were laws that predicted human trajectory - if you were poor you were poor and if you were rich you were rich

59
Q

Frederick Engles

A

blamed industrial capitalism for poor conditions - wrote Communist Manifesto; proposed idea of communism

60
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Middle Class - factory owners

61
Q

Proletariat

A

Working class

Unit 6 (2 decks)

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