Vocabulary

Question 1

Allegiance?

Answer 1

loyalty or commitment to a lord king or leader

Question 2

Anatomy?

Answer 2

study of the human body explored by scientists during the Renaissance.

Question 3

Aqueducts?

Answer 3

they were structures built to transport water, first developed by ancient civilizations and improved in medieval times

Question 4

Astronomy?

Answer 4

study of stars, planets, and the heavens, used for navigation and understanding the universe

Question 5

Beliefs?

Answer 5

Ideas or faith held by individuals or societies tied to religion

Question 6

Black Death?

Answer 6

a form of the bubonic plague in the Middle Ages that killed millions and changed society.

Question 7

Christianity?

Answer 7

dominant religion in Europe during the Middle Ages it was based on the teachings of Jesus Christ.

Question 8

City-state?

Answer 8

city with its own government usually surrounded by rural land, like Florence in the Renaissance

Question 9

civic humanism

Answer 9

belief in using knowledge and skills to serve the community, popular during the Renaissance.

Question 10

Classic Civilizations?

Answer 10

Greece and Rome, whose ideas influenced medieval and Renaissance thinking. (ancient ideas)

Question 11

Crusades?

Answer 11

religious wars fought to control the Holy Land especially by Christians

Question 12

Cultural Contact?

Answer 12

Interactions between different cultures through trade or conquest

Question 13

Democracy?

Answer 13

A system of government where people have the power rare in the middle ages

Question 14

Excommunication?

Answer 14

being formally removed from the church as punishment for disobedience or heresy

Question 15

Exploration?

Answer 15

journeying to unknown lands leading to discoveries and trade during the Renaissance and age of exploratoin

Question 16

Feudalism?

Answer 16

social system where land was exchanged for loyalty and service to a lord

Question 17

Heresy?

Answer 17

beliefs or practices that went against the church’s teachings

Question 18

Hierarchy?

Answer 18

a system where people or groups are ranked one above the other by power or status

Question 19

Hinterland?

Answer 19

land around a city providing resources or farming

Question 20

Holy Land?

Answer 20

region around Jerusalem, considered sacred by christians, jews, + muslims

Question 21

Humanism?

Answer 21

focus on human potential and achievements during the Renaissance

Question 22

Indulgences?

Answer 22

payments made to the church to reduce punishment for sins (reason for protestant reformation)

Question 23

Islam?

Answer 23

It’s a monotheistic religion and was significant during the Middle Ages for culture and science (the crusades too which is basically during the Middle Ages)

Question 24

Isolation?

Answer 24

being separated from others, as some countries or communities chose to be

Question 25

Judaism?

Answer 25

a religion followed by Jews, rooted in the Old Testament.

Question 26

Manor/Fiefdoms?

Answer 26

lands owned by lords where peasants lived and worked under the feudal system

Question 27

Middle Ages?

Answer 27

The period in Europe between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance 476 ad towards the 1600 (roughly)

Question 28

Monarchies?

Answer 28

governments ruled by kings or queens, common in the Middle Ages.

Question 29

Nobles?

Answer 29

wealthy landowners in the feudal system who were loyal to the king

Question 30

Oligarchy?

Answer 30

a government controlled by a small group of people, sometimes found in city-states.

Question 31

Patrons?

Answer 31

wealthy people who supported artists, scholars, or architects, especially during the Renaissance

Question 32

Peasants/Serfs?

Answer 32

poor farmers who worked the land, mostly tied to a lord’s estate

Question 33

Perspective

Answer 33

A way to show depth and realism (art wise) + a way of viewing the world.

Question 34

Philosophers?

Answer 34

thinkers who studied life, knowledge, and existence.

Question 35

Pilgrim?

Answer 35

a person who travels to a holy place for religious reasons.

Question 36

Renaissance?

Answer 36

a period of renewed interest in art, learning, and the ideas of ancient civilizations start in 1425 ad to 1600 comes from the french word rebirth

Question 37

Rural ?

Answer 37

relating to the countryside where most people lived in the Middle Ages.

Question 38

Scientific Method?

Answer 38

a way of investigating and understanding the world using observation and experiments

Question 39

Silk Road?

Answer 39

trade routes connecting Europe and Asia, meditereanean, china, africa (etc) bringing goods and ideas + knowledge

Question 40

Sovereignty?

Answer 40

supreme power or authority, usally referring to kings and queens.

Question 41

Trade?

Answer 41

exchange of goods and services important for connecting medieval societies.

Question 42

Urbanization?

Answer 42

growth of cities as people moved from rural areas.

Question 43

Usury?

Answer 43

lending money with interest, considered sinful by the Church but stopped saying sinful to invest.

Question 44

Values?

Answer 44

principles or standards important to a society or individual.

Question 45

Vernacular?

Answer 45

The local language spoken by ordinary people, as opposed to Latin

Question 46

Worldview?

Answer 46

A collection of beliefs that one holds about life, there are 8, tech, society, economy, beliefs, values, knowledge, geography, time.

Question 47

Tithe?

Answer 47

tax paid to the Church, 10% of a person’s income.