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Plant Diversity > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

highly modified shoot bearing specialized reproductive appendages derived from modified leaves

A

flower

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2
Q

floral tissue supported by stem tissue

A

receptacle

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3
Q

distinctive uppermost leaf, different shape and lacks pediole

A

bract

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4
Q

stalk of an individual flower, usually from the axil of a modified leave with/without a modified leaf (bract)

A

pedicel

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5
Q

protective, colourful structures
- nonreproductive, sterile

A

perianth

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6
Q

male parts

A

androecium

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7
Q

female parts

A

gynoecium

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8
Q

extension of petals for pollen

A

nectaries

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9
Q

extra showy parts to attract pollenators

A

corona

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10
Q

when similar parts are separate (apo-)

A

distinct

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11
Q

unlike parts are separate (across several floral rings)

A

free

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12
Q

similar parts are fused (syn- or sym-)

A

connate

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13
Q

unlike parts are fused (stamen attached to petals) (epi-)

A

adnate

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14
Q

the stamens and other floral parts are situated below the carpels

A

hypogynous

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15
Q

the stamens and other floral parts are at the same level as the carpels

A

perigynous

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16
Q

cup-like receptacle, loosely surrounding or connecting to the gynoecium

A

hypanthium

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17
Q

the ovary is enclosed in the receptacle, with the stamens and other floral parts situated above

A

epigynous

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18
Q

visible

A

conspicuous

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19
Q

attachment of the ovules to the ovary

A

placentation

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20
Q

chamber in the ovule

A

locule

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21
Q

organ that forms the seeds of plants

A

ovule

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22
Q

a single ovule is attached at the base of the ovary

A

basal placentation

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23
Q

a single locule ovary becomes bilocular due to the formation of a false septum

A

parietal placentation

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24
Q

ovules are arranged along the axis of a multi-locule ovary

A

axile placentation

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25
Q

uni-locule ovary has ovules attached in the center

A

free central placentation

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26
Q

ovule is attached at the top of a single locule ovary

A

apical placentation

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27
Q

flower w perianth, androecium, and gynoecium

A

complete

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28
Q

flower lacking either perianth, androecium, or gynoecium

A

incomplete

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29
Q

fertile androecium/gynoecium present

A

bisexual/perfect

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30
Q

a fertile androecium OR gynoecium present (NOT both)

A

unisexual/imperfect

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31
Q

staminate + carpellate flowers on the same plant

A

monoecious

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32
Q

staminate + carpellate flowers on different plant

A

dioecious

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33
Q

has both uni- + bisexual flowers

A

polygamous

34
Q

shoot system which forms the flowers

A

inflorescences

35
Q

the shoot axis ends in a flower
- the terminal flower usually opens first

A

determinate fluorescence

36
Q

only lateral flowers/inflorescences produced
- the growing point does not end in a flower
- the oldest flowers open first

A

indeterminate fluorescence

37
Q

a mature ovule with an embryo and nutritive tissues

A

seed

38
Q

embryonic root

A

radicle

39
Q

embryonic shoot

A

epicotyl

40
Q

seed leaves

A

cotyledons

41
Q

a mature ovary (may include other fused floral parts)

A

fruit

42
Q

fruit wall

A

pericarp

43
Q

opens at maturity

A

dehiscent

44
Q

doesn’t open at maturity

A

indehiscent

45
Q

dry, indehiscent, thin wall surrounding seed (sunflower)

A

achene

46
Q

fleshy, indehiscent, one/many seeds

A

berry

47
Q

dry, dehiscent from a multicarpellate gynoecium

A

capsule

48
Q

dry, indehiscent, thin wall fused to seed

A

caryopsis

49
Q

fleshy, indehiscent, with one or more hard pits

A

drupe

50
Q

dry, from a single carpel, opening along 2 sutures

A

legume

51
Q

dry, indehiscent, thick wall surrounding a single seed

A

nut

52
Q

fleshy, indehiscent, with the centre containing papery structures enclosing the seeds

A

pome

53
Q

dry, indehiscent, winged fruit w/usually one seed

A

samara

54
Q

from a 2-carpellate gynoecium, the 2 halves split away from the centre partition to shed the seeds

A

silique

55
Q

unalike petals (from fused petals)
- characteristic of Fabaceae family

A

keel

56
Q

base of compound leaf, leaf-like projection w different shape than leaflets

A

stipule

57
Q

Grass stem

A

culm

58
Q

Continually recurring plants (yearly, seasonal)

A

perennial

59
Q

Shoot formed through activity of single active apical meristem

A

monopodial

60
Q

shoots formed through several axillary meristems

A

sympodial

61
Q

growing erect (straight up)

A

orthotropic

62
Q

growing horizontally

A

plagiotropic

63
Q

Axillary shoot that develops from a bud that shows a period of dormancy, often w/bud scale scars at the base (tree)
- bud forms, growth ceases, bud breaks

A

proleptic

64
Q

The bud elongates at the same time as the shoot on which it is born, often lacks bud scale scars

A

sylleptic

65
Q

Above-ground horizontal stems

A

stolons

66
Q

Below-ground horizontal stems

A

rhizomes

67
Q

A swollen, fleshy rhizome for water and carb storage

A

tuber

68
Q

Short, erect, underground stem, covered w thin dry leaves (gladiolus)

A

corm

69
Q

A short, erect, underground stem, covered with thick fleshy leaves

A

bulb

70
Q

An erect, leafless stem, usually of one internode, supporting the flower

A

scape (dandilion)

71
Q

Reduced, sharp pointed stem

A

thorn

72
Q

Modified sharp leaf, generally smaller than thorns

A

spine (cacti)

73
Q

Modified sharp epidermal hair

A

Prickle

74
Q

elongated cluster of single-sex flowers bearing scaly bracts and usually lacking petals

A

catkin

75
Q

parasitic root

A

haustorial

76
Q

roots descend from the canopy

A

arial

77
Q

rooms stem up and out from plagiotropic roots
- any root that forms from non-root tissue

A

adventitious

78
Q

cell that produces latex

A

laticifers

79
Q

a dry, dehiscent fruit
2(+) carpels that split into 1-seed segments

A

schizocarp

80
Q

one of the 2 carpels that form a schizocarp (resembles achene)

A

mericarp

Plant Diversity (3 decks)

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