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Medical Terminology > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

define “word root”

A

essential meaning of a medical term, refers to body structure, organ, or system.

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2
Q

define “prefixes”

A

found at the beginning of a medical term. indicates information such as: abnormal conditions, numbers, positions, or times.

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3
Q

define “suffixes”

A

found at the end of a medical term. Information it provides: conditions, diseases, surgical and diagnostic procedures involving word root.

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4
Q

define “combining vowels”

A

used to connect medical terms, placed in between a word root and suffix (when suffix begins with a constant) or between two word roots. NOT used between prefixes and word root.

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5
Q

combining form example

A

rhin-o = nose

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6
Q

when NOT to use combining vowels

A

DON’T use between word root and suffix if the suffix begins with a vowel

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7
Q

another way to use a combining vowel

A

DO place combining vowels between 2 word roots, even if the second word root ends with a vowel.

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8
Q

3 types of medical terms and name an example

A

latin/greek, cardiology
eponym, Alzheimer’s disease
modern english, irritable bowel syndrome

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9
Q

Name the 3 different planes

A

Frontal or coronal
Sagittal
Transverse

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10
Q

Anatomical Position

A

standing upright, eyes looking straight ahead, arms down at sides, palm facing forward, fingers extended, legs together and feet pointing forward.

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11
Q

Frontal Plane

A

divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

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12
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

divides the body into right and left portions

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13
Q

Transverse Plane

A

divides body into upper and lower portions

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14
Q

Proximal

A

near to

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15
Q

Distal

A

away from

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16
Q

Posterior

A

back side

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17
Q

Anterior

A

front sides

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18
Q

Superior

A

towards the head

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19
Q

Inferior

A

towards tail

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20
Q

Deep

A

below the surface

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21
Q

Superficial

A

near the surface

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22
Q

Prone

A

lie face down

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23
Q

Supine

A

lie face up

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24
Q

Axillary

A

underarm area

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25
Palmar
palm of the hand
26
Lower extremity
entire leg
27
Upper extremity
entire arm
28
Plantar
sole of the foot
29
Popliteal
back of the knee
30
Trunk
torso
31
Umbilical
navel area
32
RUQ (right upper quadrant)
Liver Right kidney Large/Small intestine Pancreas Gallbladder
33
RLQ (right lower quadrant)
Large/Small intestine Right ureter Appendix Right ovary Right uterine tube
34
LUQ (left upper quadrant)
Liver Spleen Left kidney Stomach Large/small intestine Pancreas
35
LLQ (left lower quadrant)
Large/small intestine Left ureter Left ovary Left uterine tube
36
Name 9 regions
Right hypochondriac Right lumbar Right iliac (inguinal) Epigastric Umbillical Left hypochondriac Left lumbar Left iliac (inguinal) Hypogastric
37
arthralgia
joint pain
38
arthritis
inflammation of a joint
39
athrocentesis
removal of a fluid from a joint
40
arthrodesis
surgical fusion of a joint
41
arthrography
process of visualizing a joint by xray
42
arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint
43
arthroscopy
examination of the interior of a joint with an arthroscope
44
atrophy
process of development of loss of muscle bulk
45
bone
a type of connective tissue and an organ of the musculoskeletal system
46
bone graft
piece of bone taken from the patient and used to replace a removed bone or a bony defect at another site
47
bone scan
radioactive dye, scanning equipment used to visualize bones
48
bradykinesia
slow movement
49
bursectomy
surgical removal of a bursa
50
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
51
carpal
pertaining to the wrist
52
carpal tunnel syndrome
painful disorder of the wrist and hand, symptoms include weakness, pain, burning, tingling, and aching in the forearm, wrist, and hand
53
chondral
pertaining to cartilage
54
chondritis
inflammation of cartilage
55
chondroma
cartilage tumor
56
clavicle
aka collar bone, bone of the pectoral girdle
57
closed fracture
simple fracture with no open skin
58
coccyx
tailbone
59
comminuted fracture
fracture in which the bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into many pieces or fragments
60
compound fracture
open fracture in which the skin has been broken through
61
compression fracture
fracture involving loss of height of a vertebral body
62
contracture
abnormal shortening of a muscle, making it difficult to stretch the muscle
63
cranial
pertaining to the skull
64
cranioplasty
surgical repair of the skull
65
craniotomy
incision into the skull
66
deep tendon reflexes DTR
muscle contraction in response to a stretch caused by striking the muscle tendon with a reflex hammer
67
dislocation
occurs when the bones in a joint are displaced
68
dual energy absorptiometry DXA
measurement of bone density using low dose x-ray for the purpose of detecting osteoporosis
69
dyskinesia
difficult or painful movement
70
electromyography EMG
recording of the electrical patterns of a muscle
71
femur
thigh bone, lower extremity bone
72
fibromyalgia
condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and soft tissue
73
fibula
lower leg bone
74
fixation
procedure to stabilize a fractured bone while it heals
75
external fixation
casts, splints, and pins inserted through the skin
76
internal fixation
includes pins, plates, rods, screws, and wires that are applied during surgery
77
fracture FX
injury to a bone that causes it to break
78
greenstick fracture
fracture in which there is an incomplete break, one side of the bone is broken and the other is bent
79
herniated nucleus pulpous HNP
rupture of the fibrocartilage disk between two vertebrae; results in pressure on a spinal nerve and causes pain, weakness, and nerve damage; also called a slipped disk
80
humerus
upper arm bone
81
hyperkinesia
excessive amount of movement
82
illium
one of the three bones that form the pelvis
83
impacted fracture
fracture in which bone fragments are pushed into each other
84
intracranial
pertaining to inside the skull
85
ischium
one of the three bones that forms the pelvis
86
joint
point where 2 bones meet
87
kyphosis
abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine
88
ligament
strong bands of connective tissue that bind bones together at a joint
89
lordosis
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine
90
mandible
lower jawbone
91
maxilla
upper jawbone
92
metacarpal
hand bones
93
metatarsal
foot bones
94
muscle
bundles of a parallel muscle tissue fibers
95
muscular
pertaining to muscles
96
muscular dystrophy
inherited disease causing progressive muscle weakness and atrophy
97
myalgia
muscle pain
98
myasthenia
lack of muscle strength
99
myeloma
cancerous tumor in bone marrow
100
myelopathy
spinal cord disease, red bone marrow disease
101

Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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