VOCABULARY

Question 1

Alleviation

Answer 1

/əˌlɪvɪˈeɪʃn/

sự làm nhẹ đi, giảm nhẹ đi (n)

The act of making something bad such as pain or problems less severe.

Eg: the alleviation of poverty.

Question 2

Severe

Answer 2

/sɪˈvɪə/

Khốc liệt, dữ dội (a)

Very serious

Eg: a severe attack of toothache

Question 3

Beetle

Answer 3

/ˈbɪtl/

bọ cánh cứng

An insect with a hard shell-like back

Question 4

Catastrophe

Answer 4

/kəˈtæs.trə.fi/

Tai ương, thảm họa (n)

a sudden event that causes very great trouble or destruction

Eg: They were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come

Question 5

Climax

Answer 5

/ˈklaɪ.mæks/

Cao trào (n)

the most important or exciting point in a story or situation, especially when this happens near the end

Eg: The climax of the air show was a daring flying display.

Question 6

Clumsily

Answer 6

/ˈklʌmzi/

một cách vụng về (adv)

in a way that is not careful and controlled, and makes you likely to have accidents

Eg: He tripped clumsily on the rug and fell flat on his face.

Question 7

Condemn

Answer 7

/kənˈdem/

Kết tội (v)

to criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons.

Eg: The terrorist action has been condemned as an act of barbarism and cowardice.

Question 8

Denounce

Answer 8

/dɪˈnaʊns/

Tố cáo, tố giác, vạch mặt (v)

to criticize something or someone strongly and publicly.

Eg: The government’s economic policy has been denounced on all sides.

Question 9

Converse

Answer 9

(a) trái ngược, nghịch đảo

Eg: they hold converse opinions.

(v) nói chuyện
( to converse with somebody about something ; to converse together )

Eg: she sat conversing with the Prime Minister.

Question 10

Deposit

Answer 10

/dɪˈpɒz.ɪt/

Đặt cọc (v)
Eg: The shop promised to keep the goods for me if I paid a deposit.

Làm cho bùn, phù sa lắng xuống
Eg: The Nile floods the fields and deposits mud on them.

Question 11

Enhancement

Answer 11

/ɪnˈhɑːns.mənt/

Sự nâng cao (n)

the process of improving the quality, amount, or strength of something.

Eg: memory enhancement

Question 12

Evaporation

Answer 12

/ɪˌvæp.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Sự bay hơi, sự làm khô (n)

the process of a liquid changing to a gas, especially by heating.

Eg: Ice cover prevents evaporation of water from the lake surface.

Question 13

Exacerbate

Answer 13

/ɪɡˈzæs.ə.beɪt/

Làm trầm trọng, làm cáu tiết (v)

to make something that is already bad even worse.

Eg: This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities.

Question 14

Exonerate

Answer 14

/ɪɡˈzɒn.ə.reɪt/

Miễn cho ai (nhiệm vụ gì…)
Giải tội cho (ai)

to show or state that someone or something is not guilty of something.

(exonerate someone from something)

Eg: The report exonerated the crew from all responsibility for the collision.

Question 15

Collision

Answer 15

/kəˈlɪʒn/

Sự va chạm, sự xung đột

an accident that happens when two vehicles hit each other with force.

Eg: There has been a collision on the southbound stretch of the motorway.

Question 16

Glacier

Answer 16

/ˈɡlæsiə(r)/

Sông băng (n)

a large mass of ice that moves slowly

Question 17

Heat-insulated

Answer 17

/hi:tˈɪnsəˌleɪtədid/

Ngành công nghiệp (n)

Question 18

Heat-released

Answer 18

/hi:trɪˈlisd/

Thuộc ngành công nghiệp (a)

Question 19

Heat-related

Answer 19

/hi:trɪˈleɪtid/

Cần cù, siêng năng (a)

Question 20

Incidence

Answer 20

/ˈɪnsədəns/

Sự tác động, phạm vi ảnh hưởng (n)

the rate at which something, especially a disease, happens.

(incidence of)
Eg: They found an increased incidence of cancer near nuclear power stations.

Question 21

Indication

Answer 21

/ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃn/

Sự biểu lộ, dấu hiệu (n)

a sign that something exists, is true, or is likely to happen.

• indication (that)
  Eg: There are few indications (that) the economy is on an upswing.
• indication of
  Eg: Helen’s face gave no indication of what she was thinking.

Question 22

Inland

Answer 22

ˌɪnˈlænd

Vùng nội địa (n)

in the middle of a country, away from the sea.

Eg: The Black Sea is a large inland sea.

Question 23

Mitigate

Answer 23

/ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/

Sự làm nhẹ, làm giảm bớt (v)

to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad.

Eg: It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of tourism on the island.

Question 24

Permafrost

Answer 24

/ˈpɜː.mə.frɒst/

Sự đóng băng vĩnh viễn

an area of land that is permanently frozen below the surface

Question 25

Imperatively

Answer 25

/ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv.li/

Một cách khẩn cấp (adv)

in a way that is extremely important or urgent.

Eg: He found that the interests of safety and welfare imperatively required action.

Question 26

Prevalence

Answer 26

/ˈprevələns/

Sự phổ biến, sự thịnh hành (n)

the fact that something is very common or happens often.

Eg: the prevalence of smoking among teenagers

Question 27

Recklessly

Answer 27

/ˈrek.ləs.li/

Một cách liều lĩnh (adv)

in a way that is dangerous and shows that you are not thinking about the risks and possible results of your behaviour.

Eg: She spends her money recklessly.

Question 28

Reverse

Answer 28

/rɪˈvɜːs/

Đảo ngược (v)

to change the direction, order, position, result, etc. of something to its opposite.

Eg: The new manager hoped to reverse the decline in the company’s fortunes.

Question 29

Sparingly

Answer 29

/ˈspeərɪŋli/

Một cách dè xẻn, thanh đạm, sơ sài (adv)

in small amounts, or without wasting any.

Eg: There wasn’t enough coal during the war, so we had to use it sparingly.

Question 30

Substitute

Answer 30

/ˈsʌb.stɪ.tʃuːt/

Thay thế

to use something or someone instead of another thing or person.

• substitute something for something Eg: You can substitute oil for butter (= use oil instead of butter) in this recipe.
• substitute sth with sth
  Eg: You can substitute the wheat flour with almond flour (= use almond flour instead of wheat flour).
• be substituted for
  Eg: He made his film debut when he was substituted for the actor who was originally cast.

Question 31

Supremely

Answer 31

/suːˈpriːm.li/

Tột cùng (adv)

extremely

Eg: The coach is supremely confident that his team will reach the finals.

Question 32

Inspection

Answer 32

/ɪnˈspekʃn/

Sự thanh tra, sự xem xét kĩ (n)

the act of looking at something carefully, or an official visit to a building or organization to check that everything is correct and legal.

• on closer inspection
  Eg: Her passport seemed legitimate, but on closer inspection, it was found to have been altered.

-carry out/make an inspection
Eg: She arrived to carry out/make a health and safety inspection of the building.

Question 33

Thaw

Answer 33

/θɔː/

Làm tan (v)

to (cause to) change from a solid, frozen state to a liquid or soft one, because of an increase in temperature.

Eg: Allow the meat to thaw completely before cooking it.

(To) thaw s.o
Làm cho ai mạnh dạn, cởi mở

Question 34

Accuse sb of doing st = blame sb for doing st

Answer 34

buộc tội ai vì đã làm gì

Eg: He was accused of having broken the vase.

Question 35

Be suspected of doing st

Answer 35

nghi ngờ làm gì

Eg: He was suspected of having received presents from the local companies and ignored their violations of the environmental law.

Question 36

Clear evidence

Answer 36

bằng chứng rõ ràng

Eg: With clear evidence, his company couldn’t deny having dumped a large quantity of toxins into the sea.

Question 37

Criticize to sb for doing st = reproach sb for doing st

Answer 37

chỉ trích ai vì đã làm gì

Question 38

In the absence of st

Answer 38

thiếu cái gì

Question 39

Pledge

Answer 39

/pledʒ/

vật làm tin, vật thế chấp (n)

Eg: to put /hold something in pledge

lời hứa trịnh trọng, lời cam kết; lời thề(n)

Eg: to give a pledge never to reveal the secret

Pledge to do st

cam kết làm gì

Question 40

Sentence

Answer 40

/ˈsentəns/

lời tuyên án; bản án (n)

Eg: to be under sentence of death

• to sentence sb to sth

kết án, tuyên án

Eg: to sentence someone to a year’s imprisonment

Question 41

Power plant

Answer 41

Nhà máy điện (n)

A power station

Eg: environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take actions to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given off by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source.

Question 42

Grain

Answer 42

/ɡreɪn/

Thóc, gạo, ngũ cốc ( những hạt nhỏ)

a seed or seeds from a plant, especially a plant like a grass such as rice or wheat

Eg: grains of wheat/rice

Question 43

Wheat

Answer 43

/wiːt/

Cây lúa mì

a plant whose yellowish-brown grain is used for making flour, or the grain itself

Eg: wheat fields

Question 44

Interfere

Answer 44

/ˌɪn.təˈfɪər/

Can thiệp, xen vào (v)

• to involve yourself in a situation when your involvement is not wanted or is not helpful

Eg: It’s their problem and I’m not going to interfere.

• to interfere with sth: cản trở
  Eg: who’s been interfering with the torch? It gives no more lights.
• to interfere with sb: quấy rầy
  Eg: Don’t interfere with me when i’m consulting a dictionary.
• to interfere in sth: can thiệp, xen vào

Question 45

Devastate

Answer 45

/ˈdev.ə.steɪt/

Tàn phá, phá hủy (v)

to destroy a place or thing completely or cause great damage

Question 46

Alarmingly=Worryingly

Answer 46

/əˈlɑː.mɪŋ.li/=/ˈwʌr.i.ɪŋ.li/

in a way that causes worry or fear

Eg: The changes currently being monitored are said to be the result not of natural causes, but of human activity. Futhermore, the rate of change is becoming alarmingly (worryingly) rapid.

Question 47

Diminish

Answer 47

/dɪˈmɪn.ɪʃ/

Làm giảm bớt, thu nhỏ (v)

to reduce or be reduced in size or importance

Eg: I don’t want to diminish her achievements, but she did have a lot of help.

Question 48

Grazing

Answer 48

/ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/

Sự chăn thả (n)

Eg: grazing land (đồng cỏ cho súc vật)

Question 49

Degrade

Answer 49

/dɪˈɡreɪd/

Làm suy thoái, giảm giá trị (v)

Question 50

Degrade ecosystems/habitats/the environment

Answer 50

làm suy thoái hệ sinh thái/môi trường sống