Vocabulary Flashcards
Paxil
an antidepressant used to address signs of sadness, lethargy, hopelessness
Tegretol
mood stabilizer, often used for the treatment of Bipolar Disorder
Klonopin
antianxiety drug, which is prescribed for nervousness and panic disorders
Risperdal
hallucinations, antipsychotic medication
Qid
ndicates that a medication is to be taken four times a day.
Prn
used for medications that are to be administered as needed
Bid
indicates that a medication is to be taken twice daily.
Qh
appears when medications are taken every hour
the “5 Ps” of sexual history
(1) partners (number, gender, risk factors, and length of relationships); (2) practices (risk behaviors, oral/vaginal/anal intercourse, satisfaction with practices, desire/arousal/orgasm); (3) protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs; condom use); (4) past history of STDs; and (5) prevention of pregnancy (if desired)/ reproductive history.
cerebellum
The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity
cerebrum
It is involved in remembering, problem solving, thinking, and feeling. It also controls movement.
brainstem
sits beneath the cerebrum in front of the cerebellum. It connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic functions such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure.
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG).
PEG allows nutrition, fluids, and/or medications to be put directly into the stomach, bypassing the mouth and esophagus. Clients who have difficulty swallowing, problems with their appetite, or an inability to take adequate nutrition through the mouth can benefit from this procedure.
Hypomania
The symptoms are elevated mood, increased activity, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, racing thoughts,
Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
Distractibility (e.g., attention too easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant external stimuli)
Increase in goal-directed activity (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) or psychomotor agitation
Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., the person engages in unrestrained buying sprees, sexual indiscretions, or foolish business investments)
dope sick
symptoms related to drug withdrawal. This term most often refers to withdrawal from heroin and other opiate drugs, including prescription narcotics (opioids)
Heroin is the correct response choice as it is the only opiate or opioid listed.
Psychopharmacology
prescription of psychotropic medications to affect brain chemicals associated with mood and behavior. Psychotropic drugs are prescribed to treat a variety of mental health problems, including Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Schizophrenia.
half-life of a drug
is the time it takes for the amount currently in the body to be reduced by half.
Occur quickly after admission, causing the desire to use again to happen immediately
psychopharmacological side effects.
A “black box warning” is the strictest warning put on the labeling of prescription drugs or drug products by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when there is reasonable evidence of an association between a serious hazard and use of the drug.
helps clients understand themselves more fully and involves uncovering—and learning to deal more effectively with—unconscious conflicts. It may also assist clients to understand how certain types of adverse childhood experiences interfere with adult functioning.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
-requires clients to have five of nine characteristics to be diagnosed
Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation
Identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self
Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e.g., spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating)
Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior
Affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e.g., intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days)
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e.g., frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights)
Transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
Schizophrenia
-characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, and other symptoms that cause social or occupational dysfunction
-symptoms must have been present for 6 months and include at least 1 month of active symptoms.
-requiring that an individual exhibit at least two of the specified symptoms.
-no longer identify subtypes
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Constantly seeking attention
Excessively emotional, dramatic, or sexually provocative actions to gain attention
Speaking dramatically with strong opinions, but few facts or details to back them up
Being easily influenced by others
Having shallow, rapidly changing emotions
Showing excessive concern with physical appearance
Thinking relationships with others are closer than they really are
Trichotillomania
Hair-Pulling Disorder
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)
-severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation.
-A diagnosis requires the previously noted symptoms to be present in at least two settings (at home, at school, or with peers) for 12 or more months, and
-symptoms must be severe in at least one of these settings. During this period, the child must not have gone 3 or more consecutive months without symptoms.
-The onset of symptoms must be before age 10, and a DMDD diagnosis should not be made for the first time before age 6 or after age 18.
Universalization
-places client experiences in the context of other individuals who are experiencing the same or similar challenges, and seeks to help clients grasp that feelings and experiences are not uncommon given the circumstances.
-reassure clients about the “normality” of their feelings regarding their own situation.
Kurt Lewin’s force field analysis
designed to weigh the driving and restraining forces that affect change in organizations.The “force field” can be described as two opposite forces working for and against change.
-Driving forces are those seeking change.
-Resisting (restraining) forces are those seeking to maintain the status quo.
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Block grants
provide state and local governments with a specified amount of funding to assist in addressing broad purposes, such as community development, social services, public health, or law enforcement. Block grant advocates argue that block grants increase government efficiency and program effectiveness by redistributing power and accountability through decentralization and partial devolution of decision-making authority from the federal government to state and local governments
categorical grant
can be used only for a specific program and usually is limited to narrowly defined activities.
Federal match
the share of costs that the federal government contributes to accomplish the purpose of a grant. Any funder may require that a grantee “match” some portion of the funds.
voucher program
a cross between in-kind benefits and cash assistance. Vouchers are earmarked for a specific service or commodity, but clients can use them as desired.
Amicus briefs
are documents that are filed in court by those who are not directly related to cases under consideration. Many are filed by advocacy groups, such as the NASW. The information found in such documents can be useful for judges evaluating cases, and they can become part of official case records.
-Briefs can supplement or take the place of expert witnesses as a method for communicating information to the courts. Briefs may have an advantage over expert testimony because they are usually prepared by several individuals, they are reviewed by official groups or organizations, and their sources are documented
Social care
is concerned primarily with changing the situations or environments of clients. It is mainly used to assist those who cannot meet their needs themselves.
social control
is to monitor or restrict client independence for a specific time because of law violation (such as with those in the criminal justice system). Social control differs from social care in two fundamental ways: who receives the services and under what conditions they receive the
Transference
the feelings a client transfers onto a social worker (and other present relationships), occurring usually unconsciously and focusing around unresolved issues or conflicts in past relationships.
Countertransference:
the unconscious feelings or reactions a social worker may have toward a client.
Systems theory
empathy
To be empathic, a social worker must accurately perceive a client’s situation, perspective, and feelings, as well as communicate this understanding in a helpful (therapeutic) way.
Active listening
social workers are sitting up straight and leaning toward clients in a relaxed and open manner, can involve commenting on clients’ statements, asking open-ended questions, and making statements that show listening is occurring.
Silence
social workers shows acceptance of clients’ feelings and promotes introspection or time to think about what has been learned.
