Vocabulary

Question 1

It is an iterative and incremental agile software development framework for managing software projects and product or application development. Its focus is on “a flexible, holistic product development strategy where a development team works as a unit to reach a common goal” as opposed to a “traditional, sequential approach”

Answer 1

Scrum

Question 2

It is a software development method based on frequent cycles to increase responsiveness towards customer’s changing requirements. It advocates frequent “releases” in short development cycles, which is intended to improve productivity and introduce checkpoints where new customer requirements can be adopted. ‘Programming in pairs’ is a key characteristic of this methodology.

Answer 2

XP

Question 3

It is known for its emphasis on constraint-driven delivery. It fixes cost, quality and time at the outset and uses the MoSCoW prioritization of scope into musts, shoulds, coulds and won’t haves to adjust the project deliverable to meet the stated time constraint.

Answer 3

DSDM

Question 4

It has been derived from the lean philosophy of JIT. Unlike most agile approaches, this does not prescribe the use of timeboxed iterations. It allows the continuous flow of work pulled from the changing customer needs thus focusing on continuous delivery.

Answer 4

Kanban

Question 5

It is a process decision framework that integrates several agile best practices into a comprehensive model. It was designed to offer a balance between popular agile methods deemed to be either too narrow in focus or too prescriptive in detail.

Answer 5

Disciplined Agile

Question 6

This theory assumes individuals work for the sole purpose of income. They are not ambitious or goal-oriented. The corresponding management style to motivate these individuals is to try to keep them motivated via pay.

Answer 6

McGregor’s Theory X

Question 7

This theory assumes that individuals are intrinsically motivated to do good work. The corresponding management style has a more personal coaching feel.

Answer 7

McGregor’s Theory Y

Question 8

This theory envisions a workplace where individuals are motivated by self-realization, values, and a higher calling.

Answer 8

William Ouchi’s Theory Z

Question 9

Motivational theory comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. The needs are: physiological (food and clothing), safety (job security), love and belonging needs (friendship), esteem, and self-actualization.

Answer 9

Maslow’s Hierarchy (of Needs) Model

Question 10

A documented economic feasibility study used to establish the validity of the benefits of a selected component lacking sufficient definition and that is used as a basis for the authorization of further project management activities.

Answer 10

Project Business Case

Question 11

Term that is used to execute a given iteration for a few weeks, gather insights, and then rework the activity based on those insights.

Answer 11

Timeboxing

Question 12

Example of a scope model. Visually depict the product scope by showing a business system (process, equipment, computer system, etc.), and how people and other systems (actors) interact with it. Show inputs to the business system, the actor(s) providing the input, the outputs from the business system, and the actor(s) receiving the output.

Answer 12

Context Diagrams

Question 13

Technique used for dividing and subdividing the project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts.

Answer 13

Decomposition

Question 14

You are a project manager for a dam construction project across the river Medway. The project comes with a lot of uncertainties. The seasonal flow data for the river is not available with the River Works Department. Also, the soil condition testing was done by a reputed firm and as per the report, the dam will require very deep piling work which would be exorbitantly costly. The area also falls under the Forest Conservation Department and you need to procure a lot of approvals from concerned authorities to get you going. Which project management methodology is most suitable here?

A. Waterfall
B. Agile
C. Iterative
D. Incremental

Question 15

Flow Based Agile

Answer 15

Process simply focuses on releasing value to the customer as soon as possible in a continuous flow (i.e., whenever a functionality is complete). The idea here is to keep the batch size of work as small as possible to make its “move” through the process and ultimate market delivery more efficient

Question 16

Flow Based Agile

Answer 16

Team pulls features from the backlog based on its capacity to start work rather than an iteration based schedule

Question 17

Process of repeating and improving the cycle / work style (iteration)

Answer 17

Iterative

Question 18

Process where you build the entire solution in parts, but at the end of each phase or section, you have nothing to review or give feedback on.

Answer 18

Incremental

Question 19

Bar chart that visually displays the magnitude of each risk in a descending order

Answer 19

Tornado diagram

Question 20

When project team acts to eliminate the threat or protect the project from its impact

Answer 20

Avoid - Threat

Question 21

Appropriate when the project team or the project sponsor agrees that a threat is outside the scope of the project or that the proposed response would exceed the project manager’s authority.

Answer 21

Escalate - Threat

Question 22

Involves shifting ownership of a threat to a third party to manage the risk and to bear the impact if the threat occurs.

Answer 22

Transfer - Threat

Question 23

Action is taken to reduce the probability of occurrence and / or impact of a threat. Early action is more often effective than trying to repair the damage after the threat has occurred

Answer 23

Mitigate - Threat

Question 24

Acknowledges the existence of a threat, but no proactive action is planned. Includes developing a contingency plan that would be triggered if the event occurred; or it can be passive, which means doing nothing.

Answer 24

Accept - Threat

Question 25

A technique used to experiment with new ideas or concepts at relatively low cost.

Answer 25

Prototyping

Question 26

Organizes a large number of ideas into their natural relationships. It is the organized output from a brainstorming session. Use it to generate, organize, and consolidate information related to a product, process, complex issue, or problem.

Answer 26

Affinity Diagram

Question 27

Tool for the brain that captures the thinking that goes on inside your head. Helps you think, collect knowledge, remember and create ideas.

Answer 27

Mind Map

Question 28

What are the 4 principles of Kanban?

Answer 28

1. Start with what you do now (start with current state)
2. Encourage acts of leadership at all levels
3. Agree to pursue incremental, evolutionary change
4. Respect the current process, roles, responsibilities, and titles

Question 29

Methodology that allows teams to produce high-quality software while also increasing their quality of life

Answer 29

Extreme Programming (XP)

Question 30

Approach for designing, managing, and improving the flow of processes in systems; helps limit items still in progress

Answer 30

Kanban

Question 31

Method of reducing waste produced and increasing value (process development speed)

Answer 31

Lean Software Development

Question 32

Popular agile approach that is used to form hypothesis, test them, reflect on the results and make improvements; works on incremental development (step by step process)

Answer 32

Scrum

Question 33

Software development approach that focuses on people, and their interactions, rather than tools and processes, with the goal of streamlining, and optimizing processes

Answer 33

Crystal

Question 34

Lightweight iterative and incremental software development process with the goal of delivering stable and functional product on time

Answer 34

Feature Driven Development (FDD)

Question 35

Method that guarantees strong governance as the foundation for project management, and focuses on the entire project lifetime; user driven; changes to projects should be expected at all times.

Answer 35

Dynamic Software Development Method (DSDM)

Question 36

Represents the idea that projects should be constantly adapting and has cycle of three repeating series - speculate, collaborate and learn

Answer 36

Adaptive System Development (ASD)