Vocabulary

Question 1

Arguments

Answer 1

A sequence of statements to conclusion, not all sequences of states are arguments.

Question 2

Validity

Answer 2

Technical term and applies to arguments. Premises could be true and conclusion have to be false. An argument is valid if and only if grants all premises and denies conclusion. The conclusion is logically guaranteed by the conclusions.

Question 3

Sound

Answer 3

If the argument is valid and all it’s premises are true, require both logical reasoning and true premises.

Question 4

Consequentialism

Answer 4

Acts morally because the best result will be made. You should pick the option that will produce the best net outcome happiness.

Question 5

Utilitarianism

Answer 5

The well being of you and others affected by your actions. You choose the out come that will have the highest net of well being. You will always have to account for and subtract misery, pain etc from the total of well being. This doesn’t imply that people should get what they deserve.

Question 6

John Mill

Answer 6

One of the founders of utilitarianism, he also had thoughts on free speech. He thinks that free speech should have restrictions or limitations if it’s harming others, but not to the point where people can’t express themselves because that leads to other things.