Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 5 APES > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Aquaculture

A

The cultivation of aquatic animals and plants, especially fish, shellfish, and seaweed, in natural or controlled marine or freshwater environments; underwater agriculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Artificial selection

A

a process in the breeding of animals and in the cultivation of plants by which the breeder chooses to perpetuate only those forms having certain desirable inheritable characteristics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bycatch

A

Occurs when marine mammals are incidentally caught in fishing gear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CAFO

A

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations are agricultural meat, dairy, or egg facilities where animals are kept and raised in confined situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Clearcutting/ Selective cutting

A

of or relating to a section of forest where all trees have been cut down for harvesting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Contour plowing

A

plowing following the contours of the land, to minimize the effects of erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Crop rotation

A

The system of varying successive crops in a definite order on the same ground, especially to avoid depleting the soil and to control weeds, diseases, and pests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Desertification

A

The processes by which an area becomes a desert, a rapid depletion of plant life and the loss of topsoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Drip Irrigation

A

a system of crop irrigation involving the controlled delivery of water directly to individual plants through a network of tubes or pipes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ecological footprint

A

the amount of productive land appropriated on average by each person (in the world, a country, etc) for food, water, transport, housing, waste management, and other purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

EIS

A

An Environmental impact statement is a government document that outlines the impact of a proposed project on its surrounding environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Eminent domain

A

the power of the state to take private property for public use with payment of compensation to the owner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Environmental Indicator

A

a numerical value that helps provide insight into the state of the environment or human health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Environmental mitigation plan

A

the process by which project proponents apply measures to avoid, minimize, or compensate for the adverse effects and environmental impacts resulting from their projects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Externality

A

the state or quality of being external to or outside someone or something; the fact of being outer, outward, or on the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Famine

A

extreme and general scarcity of food, as in a country or a large geographical area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Feedlot

A

a plot of ground, often near a stockyard, where livestock are gathered to be fattened for market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fertilizer: Organic/Synthetic

A

A fertilizer that is derived from organic sources, mainly contained from animal manure or droppings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fishery Collapse

A

When the fish sees their population or harvest rate drop to less than 10% of the original figure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Food security/Insecurity

A

The limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Free-range grazing

A

Livestock that have had continuous and unconfined access to pasture throughout their life cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fungicide

A

a substance or preparation, as a spray or dust, used for destroying fungi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Furrow irrigation

A

A method of supplying water to crops through shallow, evenly spaces furrows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

GMOs

A

Genetically modified organisms, an organism whose genetic material has been altered by means of genetic engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Green Manure

A

A crop of growing plants, as clover and other other nitrogen-fixing plants, plowed under to enrich the soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Green Revolution

A

An increase in food production, especially un underdeveloped and developing nations, through the introduction of high-yield crop varieties and application of modern agricultural techniques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Herbicide/ Insecticide

A

A substance or preparation for killing plants, especially weeds and insects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Impervious surfaces

A

a constructed surface such as sidewalks, roads, parking lots or driveways covered by water impenetrable materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Infill

A

Using unused areas for more urban human use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Intercropping

A

to grow one crop between the rows of another, as in an orchard or field.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

IPM

A

Integrated Pest Management, an effective and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that relies on a combination of common-sense practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Irrigation

A

the artificial application of water to land to assist in the production of crops.

33
Q

Limestone

A

a sedimentary rock consisting predominantly of calcium carbonate, varieties of which are formed from the skeletons of marine microorganisms and coral: used as a building stone and in the manufacture of lime.

34
Q

Low-grade/ High-grade ore

A

High-grade ore contains a large concentration of the desired mineral. Low-grade ore has a smaller concentration.

35
Q

Malnourishment

A

lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.

36
Q

Mechanization

A

the act or process of causing a task to be performed or operated by machinery:

37
Q

Monocropping

A

Only growing or harvesting one crop

38
Q

MSY

A

Maximum sustainable yield, is the largest average yield that can theoretically be taken from a species stock over an indefinite period under constant environmental conditions

39
Q

Multi-use zoning

A

allows retail and high-density residential development to coexist in the same area.

40
Q

Multiple-use lands

A

The use of multiple activities like recreational use, agricultural use

41
Q

National wilderness area

A

an area where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man,

42
Q

National wildlife refuge

A

designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service

43
Q

NEPA

A

National Environmental Policy Act, to ensure federal agencies consider the environmental impacts of their actions and decisions.

44
Q

No-till agriculture

A

cultivation technique in which the soil is disturbed only along the slit or in the hole into which the seeds are planted

45
Q

Ore

A

a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted.

46
Q

Overburden

A

to load with too great a burden, overload

47
Q

Overfishing

A

to fish (an area or a marine organism) excessively, or to exhaust the supply of usable fish in (certain waters)

48
Q

Overgrazing

A

to graze land to excess

49
Q

Perennial/Annual crops

A

Perennial plants regrow every spring, while annual plants live for only one growing season, then die off.

50
Q

Permeable pavement

A

catches precipitation and surface runoff, storing it in the reservoir while slowly allowing it to infiltrate into the soil below or discharge via a drain tile.

51
Q

Pesticide

A

A chemical preparation fo destroying plant, fungal, or animal

52
Q

Prescribed Burn

A

the controlled application of fire by a team of fire experts under specified weather conditions to restore health to ecosystems that depend on fire.

53
Q

Rangeland

A

provide grazing and forage for livestock and wildlife.

54
Q

Reforestation

A

the action of renewing a forest by planting seeds or young trees

55
Q

Reserves

A

a supply of a commodity not needed for immediate use but available if required.

56
Q

Resistance

A

the sum of environmental limiting factors that include both abiotic and biotic factors

57
Q

Rodenticide

A

a supply of a commodity not needed for immediate use but available if required

58
Q

Rotational grazing

A

the practice of containing and moving animals through pasture to improve soil, plant, and animal health

59
Q

Runoff

A

.
the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc.

60
Q

Salinization

A

the increase in salt concentration in an environmental medium, notably soil.

61
Q

Saltwater Intrusion

A

The presence of salt in a freshwater source

62
Q

Shifting agriculture

A

a form of agriculture, used especially in tropical Africa, in which an area of ground is cleared of vegetation and cultivated for a few years and then abandoned for a new area until its fertility has been naturally restored.

63
Q

Slag

A

waste left over after the re-sorting of coal

64
Q

Slash-and-burn

A

a method of agriculture in which existing vegetation is cut down and burned off before new seeds are sown, typically used as a method for clearing forest land for farming.

65
Q

Spray irrigation

A

application of water and wastewater, including recycled water, to the land to maintain vegetation or support the growth of vegetation

66
Q

Strip cropping

A

cultivation in which different crops are sown in alternate strips to prevent soil erosion.

67
Q

Strip mining

A

employed in coal reserves where the overburden is removed in rectangular blocks in plan view called pits or strips

68
Q

Suburb/Exurb

A

Suburbs lie just outside of the city, whereas exurbs are areas farther out, beyond the suburbs

69
Q

Surface/ subsurface mining

A

Surface mining removes ore deposits that are close to the surface, and subsurface mining removes minerals that are deep underground.

70
Q

Sustainability

A

. the quality of not being harmful to the environment or depleting natural resources, and thereby supporting long-term ecological balance:

71
Q

Tailings

A

waste left over after certain processes, such as from an ore-crushing plant or in milling grain

72
Q

Terracing

A

forming or creating a high flat leveled place

73
Q

Tilling

A

prepare or cultivation the land for crops

74
Q

Tree plantation

A

a forest planted for high volume production of wood,

75
Q

Undernutrition/Overnutrition

A

Not recieving the appropriate amount of nutrients from food

76
Q

Urban Sprawl/Urban Blight

A

the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas.

77
Q

Waterlogging

A

saturate with water; make (something) waterlogged.

78
Q

Windbreaks

A

a row of structure that separates paths of wind to lessen the blow of the wind for the crops

Unit 5 APES (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions