Vocabulary

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

Method of transporting materials that requires energy

Question 2

Amphiphilic

Answer 2

Molecule Possessing a polar or charged area and a nonpolar or uncharged area capable of interacting with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments

Question 3

Antiporter

Answer 3

Transporter that carries two ions or small molecules in different directions

Question 4

Aquaporin

Answer 4

Channel protein that allows water through the membrane at a very high rate

Question 5

Carrier proteins

Answer 5

Membrane proteins that moves a substance across the plasma membrane by changing its own shape

Question 6

Caveolin

Answer 6

Proteins that coats the plasma membranes cytoplasmic side and participates in the liquid uptake process by potoctyosis

Question 7

Channel proteins

Answer 7

Membrane proteins that allows the substance to pass through it’s hollow core across the plasma membrane

Question 8

Clathrin

Answer 8

Protein that coats the plasma membranes inward facing surface and assists in forming specialized structures like coated pits for phagocytosis

Question 9

Concentration gradient

Answer 9

Area of high concentration adjacent to an area of low concentration

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

Passive transport process of low molecular weight material according to its concentration gradient

Question 11

Electrochemical gradient

Answer 11

I combined electrical and chemical force that produces a gradient

Question 12

Electrogenic pump

Answer 12

Pump that creates a charge in balance

Question 13

Endocytosis

Answer 13

Type of active transport that moves substances including fluids and particles into a cell

Question 14

Facilitated transport

Answer 14

Process by which material moves down a concentration gradient from high to low concentration using integral membrane proteins

Question 15

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 15

Describe the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components including phospholipids cholesterol proteins glycoproteins and glycolipids resulting in fluid character

Question 16

Glycolipid

Answer 16

Combination of carbohydrates and lipids

Question 17

Glycoprotein

Answer 17

Combination of carbohydrates and proteins

Question 18

Hydrophilic

Answer 18

Molecule with the ability to bond with water water loving

Question 19

Hydrophobic

Answer 19

Molecule that does not have the ability to bond with water water hating

Question 20

Hypertonic

Answer 20

Situation in which extra cellular fluid has a higher osmolarity then the fluid inside the cell resulting in water moving out of this app

Question 21

Hypotonic

Answer 21

Situation in which extra cellular fluid has a lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell resulting in water moving into the cell

Question 22

Integral protein

Answer 22

Protein integrated into the membrane Structure that interacts extensively with the membrane lipids hydrocarbon chains and often spans the membrane

Question 23

Osmolarity

Answer 23

Total amount of substance is dissolved in a specific amount of solution

Question 24

Osmosis

Answer 24

Transport of water through a semi permeable membrane according to the waters concentration gradient across the membrane that results from the presence of solute that cannot pass through the membrane

Question 25

Passive transport

Answer 25

Method of transporting materials the membrane that does not require energy

Question 26

Peripheral proteins

Answer 26

Protein at the plasma membrane surface either on its exterior or interior side

Question 27

Pinocytosis

Answer 27

A variation of endocytosis that imports macromolecules that the cell needs from the extracellular fluid

Question 28

Plasmolysis

Answer 28

Detaching the cell membrane from the cell wall in constructing the cell membrane when I plant cell is in a hypertonic solution

Question 29

Potocytosis

Answer 29

Variation of pinocytosis that uses a different coating proteins Caveolin on the plasma membrane cytoplasmic side

Question 30

Primary active transport

Answer 30

Active transport that moves ions or small molecules across the membrane and may create a difference in Change across the membrane

Question 31

Pump

Answer 31

Active transport mechanism that works against electrochemical gradient

Question 32

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 32

Variation of endocytosis that involves using specific binding proteins in the plasma membrane for specific molecules or particles and clathrin coated pits that become clathrin coated vesicles

Question 33

Secondary active transport

Answer 33

Movement of material that result from primary active transport to the electrochemical gradient

Question 34

Selectively permeable

Answer 34

Membrane characteristic that allows some substances through

Question 35

Solute

Answer 35

Substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution

Question 36

Symporter

Answer 36

Transporter that carries two different ions or a small molecules both in the same direction

Question 37

Tonicity

Answer 37

Amount of solute in a solution

Question 38

Transport proteins

Answer 38

Membrane protein that facilitates the substances passage across a membrane by binding it

Question 39

Transporter

Answer 39

Specific carrier proteins or pumps that facilitate movement

Question 40

Uniporter

Answer 40

Transporter that carries one specific ion or molecule