Vocabulary

Question 1

compounds that release hydrogen ions are

Answer 1

acid

Answer 2

amino acid

Question 3

is defined as the smallest unit of an element that still has the distinctive chemical properties of that element

Answer 3

atom

Question 4

the sum of an atoms proton and neutrons another distinguishing feature of each element, is its

Answer 4

atomic mass number

Question 5

the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus is the.. of that particular element

Answer 5

atomic number

Answer 6

ATP

Question 7

a compound that takes hydrogen ions is a

Answer 7

base

Question 8

substances called… meet this need by maintaining the concentration of hydrogen ions within narrow limits.

Answer 8

buffer

Answer 9

carbohydrate

Answer 10

cellulose

Question 11

the interaction that causes two atoms to associate with each other is known as a

Answer 11

chemical bonds

Answer 12

dehydration reaction

Question 13

is a substance in which atoms from two or more different elements are bonded together, each in a precise ratio.

Answer 13

chemical compound

Answer 14

chemical formula

Question 15

the process of breaking or creating chemical bonds is known as

Answer 15

chemical reaction

Question 16

is the attractive force that holds atoms ore molecules of the same kind to one another

Answer 16

cohesion

Question 17

in which atoms share electrons to form molecules

Answer 17

covalent bond

Answer 18

denaturation

Answer 19

disaccharide

Question 20

have a negative charge, goes around the nucleus of an atom

Answer 20

electrons

Question 21

is a pure substance that has distinctive physical and chemical properties

Answer 21

element

Answer 22

enzyme

Question 23

when heat energy is supplied to a liquid, some molecules become energetic enough to make the transition from the liquid to the gaseous state

Answer 23

evaporation

Answer 24

fatty acid

Answer 25

functional group

Answer 26

glucose

Answer 27

glycogen

Answer 28

hormone

Question 29

is the week attraction between a hydrogen atom that has a slight positive charge and a neighboring atom with a slight negative charge.

Answer 29

hydrogen bond

Answer 30

hydrolytic reaction

Question 31

molecules that associate with water

Answer 31

hydrophilic

Question 32

molecules that are excluded from water

Answer 32

hydrophobic

Answer 33

ion

Question 34

in which atoms with opposite electrical charge are held together by their mutual attraction

Answer 34

ionic bond

Question 35

of an element has the same atomic number, but different atomic mas number

Answer 35

isotope

Answer 36

lipid

Question 37

small organic molecules can link up via covalent bonds to create larger assemblies of atoms called...

Answer 37

macromolecule

Question 38

is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space

Answer 38

matter

Question 39

atoms share electrons to form

Answer 39

molecule

Answer 40

monomer

Answer 41

monosaccharide

Question 42

lacks any electrical charge, is a buffer in the nucleus

Answer 42

neutron

Answer 43

nitrogenous base

Question 44

uncharged substances, electrons are being shared causing symmetry

Answer 44

non polar molecule

Answer 45

nucleic acid

Answer 46

nucleotide

Question 47

a single atom has a dense central core called the

Answer 47

nucleus

Question 48

biomolecules that include at least one carbon-hydrogen bond are referred to as organic molecules

Answer 48

organic molecule

Answer 49

peptide bond

Question 50

hydrogen ion concentration is commonly expressed on a scale from 0 to 14

Answer 50

pH scale

Answer 51

phosphate group

Answer 52

phospholipid

Answer 53

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 54

plasma membrane

Question 55

the uneven distribution of electrical charge in a ... makes one end of the molecule slightly negative and the other slightly positive

Answer 55

polar molecule

Answer 56

polymer

Answer 57

polypeptide

Answer 58

polysaccharide

Answer 59

primary structure

Question 60

the alteration of electron sharing patterns through a chemical reaction yields at least one chemical substance that is different from the reactants, and any newly formed substances are called the

Answer 60

product

Answer 61

protein

Question 62

have a positive charge, and makes up the nucleus

Answer 62

proton

Answer 63

quaternary structure

Question 64

have unstable nuclei that change into simpler forms, releasing high energy radiation in the process

Answer 64

radioisotope

Question 65

is a substance that undergoes a chemical reaction, either alone or in conjunction with other reactants

Answer 65

reactant

Answer 66

RNA

Answer 67

salt

Answer 68

saturated fatty acid

Answer 69

secondary structure

Question 70

a dissolved substance

Answer 70

solute

Question 71

the fluid into which the solute has disolved

Answer 71

solvent

Question 72

is any combination of a solute and a solvent

Answer 72

solution

Answer 73

starch

Answer 74

sterol

Question 75

is an important property of water resulting from the cohesiveness of water molecules

Answer 75

surface tension

Answer 76

tertiary structure

Answer 77

triglyceride

Answer 78

unsaturated fatty acid