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EMT > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

accumulation of fluid in the lungs

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2
Q

Cardiac Tamponade

A

fluid accumulates within the peripheral sac and compresses the heart.

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3
Q

Perfusion

A

adequate circulation of oxygenated blood throughout the body.

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4
Q

Vasodilation

A

the dilatation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure.

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5
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure

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6
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Bleeding

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7
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

shock or low tissue perfusion

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8
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Low blood volume

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9
Q

Hypoxia

A

inadequate oxygen supply to the body’s tissue and cells

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10
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

High blood glucose level

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11
Q

Hyperventilating

A

Excessive rate or volume of ventilation

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12
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Slow or shallow ventilations

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13
Q

Incision

A

Sharp, clean cut

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14
Q

Infarction

A

Death to an area of the body’s tissues

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15
Q

Inflammation

A

Swelling

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16
Q

Inhalation

A

Active part of breathing

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17
Q

Ischemia

A

Poor blood supply

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18
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowish skin color

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19
Q

Joint

A

the point where two bones are joined

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20
Q

Kidney failure

A

inability of the kidneys to regulate fluid level and eliminate waste

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21
Q

Kidney stones

A

solid crystals that form in the kidney

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22
Q

Laceration

A

Jagged cut

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23
Q

Liagment

A

Connects bone to bone

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24
Q

Miosis

A

Constricted pupils

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25
Q

Mottled

A

Blotched skin coloring

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26
Q

Neonate

A

Newborn

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27
Q

Abrasion

A

A scraping injury to the surface of the skin

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28
Q

Absence seizure

A

Starring, a brief loss in consciousness no change in motor activity

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29
Q

Acute

A

Rapid onset

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30
Q

Amputation

A

Injury resulting in a body part completely severed off

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31
Q

Aneurysm

A

weakening in the wall of an artery

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32
Q

Apnea

A

absence of spontaneous breaths

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33
Q

Aspiration

A

material, such as vomit, entering the lungs

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34
Q

Asthma

A

acute bronchoconstriction combined with increased mucus production

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35
Q

Aura

A

a sensation of an impending seizure

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36
Q

Avulsion

A

Injury resulting in an area of the skin torn loose or hanging from a flap

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37
Q

Battle signs

A

Bruising behind the ears, indicative of a basilar skull fracture

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38
Q

Blunt trauma

A

Trauma that doesn’t penetrate the body

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39
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow pulse rate

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40
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow respiratory rate

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41
Q

Bronchoconstriction

A

tightening (constriction) of the airways.

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42
Q

Bruise

A

A discoloration of the skin due to blood seeping into the underlying blood vessels

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43
Q

Referred pain

A

pain in an area of the body other than the source

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44
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline, or move apart

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45
Q

Afterload

A

The pressure the heart must overcome during ventricular contraction

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46
Q

Abruptio placenta

A

The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall

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47
Q

Absorption

A

Passage of material through the intestine into the bloodstream

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48
Q

Acidosis

A

An abnormally high level of acidity in the body’s fluids and tissues

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49
Q

Acute abdomen

A

Abdominal emergency that typically refers surgery

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50
Q

Acute Coronary syndrome

A

Symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia, such as angina or myocardial infarction

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51
Q

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

A

Death to myocardial muscle. Also called heart attack

52
Q

Adduction

A

To move toward the midline, or bring together

53
Q

Aerobic metabolism

A

Energy production with oxygen

54
Q

Afterload

A

The pressure the heart must overcome during ventricular contraction

55
Q

Agonal respirations

A

Dying gasps

56
Q

Agonist

A

A medication that stimulates a response

57
Q

Allergen

A

Antigen that causes an allergic reaction

58
Q

Allergic reaction

A

Hypersensitive immune response to an allergen

59
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs in the lungs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the pulmonary capillaries

60
Q

Anaerobic metabolism

A

Energy production without oxygen

61
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Severe, life threatening allergic reaction. Also called anaphylaxis

62
Q

Anatomic position

A

Standing, facing forward, arms at the sides, palms out

63
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Temporary chest pain occurs when myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply

64
Q

Antagonist

A

A medication that inhibits a response

65
Q

Anterior

A

Toward the front. Also known as ventral in humans

66
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

Unable to remember events prior to the injury

67
Q

Antibodies

A

Produced by body’s immune system to defend against an antigen

68
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign substance that stimulates an immune response

69
Q

Aorta

A

Artery that carries blood out of the left heart

70
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the appendix

71
Q

Appendix

A

Pouch connected to the large intestine in the right lower abdominal quadrant

72
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Plaque build up within the blood vessel

73
Q

Atrium

A

Upper chamber of the heart

74
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides

75
Q

Biological agents

A

Bacteria, virus, or fungus that can be used as a weapon and has the potential to pose a severe threat to public health and safety

76
Q

Birth canal

A

The vagina and the cervix

77
Q

Blistering agents

A

See vesicants

78
Q

Blood agent

A

See cyanide

79
Q

Bloody show

A

Passage of the mucus plug from the cervix as it begins to dilate

80
Q

Brachial pulse

A

Palpable pulse in the upper arm

81
Q

Breech birth

A

The presentation of the buttocks as the presenting part in the birth canal

82
Q

Breech of duty

A

Failure to preform an ethical or legally required act established by the standard of care

83
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the lungs, either chronic or acute

84
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

Decreased cardiac output due to poor cardiac function or mechanical obstruction

85
Q

Carotid pulse

A

Palpable pulse in the neck

86
Q

Causation

A

Relationship between cause and effect

87
Q

Cavitation

A

Pressure wave caused by high Velocity projectile

88
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Aerobic metabolism

89
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

The brain and spinal cord

90
Q

Cerebral contusion

A

Bruising of the brain

91
Q

Cervix

A

The portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina

92
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Fluid that circulates through the central nervous system

93
Q

Choking agents

A

See pulmonary agents

94
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gall bladder

95
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

chronic disease processes caused by obstruction of the lower airways

96
Q

Chronic

A

Always present

97
Q

Clavicle

A

Collarbone

98
Q

Coccyx

A

The tailbone

99
Q

Compensated shock

A

Early shock, during which the body is able to compensate

100
Q

Complex access

A

Patient access that requires tools or special training

101
Q

Concussion

A

Head injury resulting in temporary alteration of brain function

102
Q

Conduction

A

Direct transfer of heat through contact with a colder structure

103
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Caused by ineffective ventricular function leading to fluid backup

104
Q

Constrict

A

Narrowing, to make smaller

105
Q

Continous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

A

Technique of assisting ventilations in a patient with respirator distress

106
Q

Contraindication

A

Situations when a certain intervention should not be performed

107
Q

Contusion

A

Bruise

108
Q

Convection

A

loss of heat to passing air

109
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Arteries that perfume the heart muscle

110
Q

Croup-contrecoup injury

A

Brain injury on the opposite side of impact

111
Q

Cravat

A

See triangular bandage

112
Q

Crepitus

A

The sound or sensation of bone ends rubbing together

113
Q

Cricoid

A

See sellick maneuver

114
Q

Croup

A

Inflammation of the upper airway and trachea

115
Q

Crowning

A

The appearance of the baby’s head in the birth canal

116
Q

Crush injury

A

Open or closed injury caused by tremendous force applied to the body

117
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish color to the skin, lips, mouth, or nail beds indicating a lack of oxygen

118
Q

Decompensated shock

A

Late shock, during which the body is no longer able to compensate and blood pressure begins to fall

119
Q

Dehydration

A

Loss of enough body fluid to threaten homeostasis

120
Q

Dependent edema

A

Fluid back-up in area of the body closest to the ground

121
Q

Dependent lividity

A

The setting of blood within the body

122
Q

Dermis

A

The lower layer of the skin beneath the epidermis

123
Q

Diabetes

A

A disease process in which the body is unable to metabolize glucose normally

124
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

A diabetic emergency caused by severe hyperglycemia and acidosis

125
Q

Dialysis

A

A procedure that assist the kidneys in removal of toxins from the blood

126
Q

Diaphragm

A

Primary muscle of respiration that separates the chest and abdominal cavities

127
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement from area of high to low concentration

EMT (7 decks)

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