Vocabulary Flashcards
ABC
American Board for Certification in Orthotics and Prosthetics Inc.
ABC, Certified practitioner
practitioners who successfully complete the education, experience, and examination requirements by the American Board for Certification in orthotics and prosthetics Inc (ABC) are conferred the titles Orthotists (CO) and certified prosthetists
The title of Certified prosthetists-orthotists (CPO) is conferred to practitioners whose responsibilities conform to those of both orthotists and prosthetists and who have successfully completed all requirements
Abduction
the act of moving the hip (and residual limb) away from the midline from the body
Adduction
The act of moving the hip (and residual limb) toward the midline of the body
Accreditation
a determination by the American board for certification in Orthotics and Prosthetics inc that is eligible organization satisfactorily complies with all applicable standards
Allen orthopedic labs & ABC accreditted
Alignment
see picture
the relationship of the prosthetic foot to the socket
Amputation
the removal of a body extremity by surgery or trauma
Anterior
the front of the body
Bulbous
refers to the residual limb being larger in circumference at the end than at the top
Check socket
a socket made of clear plastic used to evaluate the fit of the socket designed to the residual limb
circumduction
the circular motion of a limb that is created when the movements of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction are sequentially performed
CO (certified Orthotist)
Orthotist who has passed the certification standards of the American board of certification in orthotics and prosthetics and maintain certification through mandatory continuing education programs and adherence to the canons of ethical conduct
Continuing Education
Education and experiences beyond initial professional preparation that are relevant to the type of patient care delivered
providing current knowledge relevant to the individual’s discipline of practice.
Continuing education is mandatory and required every 5 years
CPO (certified prosthetist)
Prosthetist who has passed the certification standards or the American Board of certification in orthotics and prosthetics and maintains certification through mandatory continuing education programs and adherence to the canons of ethical conduct
Cervical
pertaining to the neck
Custom Designed Orthosis
orthosis individually made for a specific patient and created using an impression by means of plaster or fiber cast
a digital image using computer aided design computer aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) systems software, or direct form to a patient
Custom Designed Prosthesis
Prostheses are custom made from an anatomical positive model of an individual’s residual limb an in accordance with anatomical measurements of the sound limb.
Custom Fitted Orthoses
Orthoses which are pre-made in specific anatomical sizes and are modified and custom fitted to the effected limb or spine to control moderate or complex neuromuscular and/or musculoskeletal disorders.
Definitive Prosthesis
A permanent prosthesis (usually provided after a preparatory/ temporary) that is designed to last for several years.
Distal
A structure that is located farther away from the attached end of a limb.
Doffing
Taking the orthosis or prosthesis off.
Donning
Putting the orthosis or prosthesis on.
Dorsal Surface
The top of the foot and the back of the hand.
Dorsiflexion
Bending the wrist so the dorsal surface of the hand points toward the forearm; bending the ankle so the foot points upward.
Dystrophy
Pathologic loss of muscle mass.
Edema
Swelling of the tissue.
Endoskeletal Design
A construction technique that uses a pipe or pylon as the support structure. This design allows for the exchange of components and adjustment. An endoskeletal system can be covered with a cosmetic foam that is shaped to match the sound side limb.
Exoskeletal Design
A construction technique that uses wood or hard foam as the support structure. This prosthesis is identified by its hard, external finish.
Eversion
The outward rotation of the plantar surface, or sole, of the foot so that it faces away from the median, or midline, of the body.
Extension
The act of moving the hip (and residual limb) backward or to the rear of the body.
Fabrication
Procedure of mechanically creating a device.
Fitter-Orthotics
Person who is trained and qualified to participate in the fitting and delivery of pre-fabricated orthotic devices and/or soft goods.
Fitter-Mastectomy
Person who is trained and qualified to participate in the fitting and delivery of breast prostheses and mastectomy products and services.
Flexion
The act of moving the hip (and residual limb) forward or to the front of the body.
Functional Level
Degree of function a disabled patient still achieves.
Gait
Walking.
Genu Recurvatum
Condition in which the knee is hyperextended.
Genu Valgum
Commonly known as knock-knee.
Genu Varum
Commonly known as bowlegs.
Hyperextension
Extending the extremity beyond anatomical position.
Inversion
The inward rotation of the plantar surface, or sole, of the foot so that it faces toward the median, or midline, of the body.
Kyphosis
Exaggerated posterior, or backward, curvature in the thoracic region.
Lateral (External) Rotation
The rotation of a body part away from the median, or midline, of the body. Also referred to as external rotation.
Lordosis
Exaggerated anterior, or forward, curvature in the lumbar or cervical regions.
Medial (Internal) Rotation
The rotation of a body part toward the median, or midline, of the body. Also referred to as internal rotation.
Necrosis
Cellular or tissue death within the living body, such as with gangrene.
O & P
Orthotics and prosthetics.
O & P Facility
Place where orthotic or prosthetic patient care is provided.
Orthosis
Custom-fabricated or custom-fitted brace or support designed to align, correct, or prevent neuromuscular or musculoskeletal dysfunction, disease, injury, or deformity.
Orthotics
The science and practice of evaluating, measuring, designing, fabricating, assembling, fitting, adjusting, or servicing an orthosis under a prescription from a licensed physician, chiropractor, or podiatrist to correct or alleviate neuromuscular or musculoskeletal dysfunction, disease, injury, or deformity.
Orthotist
Person who measures, designs, fabricates, fits or services orthoses as prescribed by a licensed physician, and who assists in the formulation of an orthosis to support or correct disabilities.
Palmar (Volar) Flexion
Bending the wrist so the palmar surface of the hand points toward the forearm.
Palmar (Volar) Surface
The front, or palm, of the hand. Also referred to as the volar surface.
Paralysis
Complete loss of the ability to control muscular activity in various locations.
Pedorthics
Design, manufacture, fit and/or modification of show and foot orthoses to alleviate foot problems caused by disease, congenital condition, overuse, or injury.
Pes (Talipes) Valgus
An acquired deformity where the weight is borne on the inner border of the foot and the sole is turned outward. Also referred to as talipes valgus.
Pes (Talipes) Varus
A deformity in which the weight is borne on the outer border of the foot and the sole of the foot is turned inward. Also referred to as talipes varus.
Pes Calcaneus
Present when the ankle is dorsiflexed and the toes are elevated. This causes the weight to be borne primarily on the heel.
Pes Cavus
The exaggerated height of the longitudinal arch of the foot.
Pes Equinus
Present when the ankle is plantar flexed and the heel is elevated. This causes the weight to be borne primarily on the toes.
Pes Planus (Planovalgus)
Commonly known as flatfoot, the foot looks flat and is almost always bent out-ward. Also referred to as planovalgus.
Physical Therapist (PT)
A trained professional who performs and teaches exercises and other physical activities to aid in rehabilitation and maximizing physical ability with less pain. PTs teach the amputee exercise techniques, gait training, and ways to navigate physical barriers with a prosthesis.
Plantar Flexion
Bending the ankle so the foot points downward.
Plantar Surface
The bottom, or sole, of the foot.
Plaster Impression
The plaster cast that is applied to the residual limb to obtain an accurate model during the fabrication process.
Posterior
The back of the body.
Practitioner
Allied health professional who is specifically educated and clinically trained to manage the provision of comprehensive orthotic and prosthetic care (commonly used term to refer to orthotists and prosthetists).
Prefabricated Orthosis
An orthosis manufactured in quantity without a specific patient in mind. It may be trimmed, bent, molded, or otherwise modified for use by a specific patient (i.e., custom fitted).
Preparatory (Temporary) Prosthesis
An artificial limb that is designed, fabricated, and fitted soon after surgery. The prosthesis is worn as the residual limb is healing.
Pronation
The movement of the forearm so that the hand rests palm down on a surface.
Prosthesis
Artificial medical device that is not surgically implanted but used to replace a missing limb or appendage.
Prosthetics
Science and practice of evaluating, measuring, designing, fabricating, assembling, fitting, adjusting, or servicing prosthesis under an order from a licensed physician.
Prosthetic Components
The parts that make up the artificial limb.
Prosthetic Sock
A sock knitted to fit the shape of the residual limb worn inside the socket. The sock reduces the friction between the residual limb and the socket and replaces lost volume in the socket due to the shrinking of the residual limb.
Prosthetist
Person who measures, designs, fabricates, fits or services prosthesis as prescribed by a licensed physician, and who assists in the formulation of the prosthesis prescription for the replacement of external parts of the human body lost due to amputation or congenital deformities or absences .
Protraction
The forward movement of a body part such as the shoulder.
Proximal
A structure that is located closer to the attached end of a limb.
Quadriplegia (Tetraplegia)
Paralysis of all four extremities and the trunk. Also referred to as tetraplegia.
Residual Limb
Remaining portion of the limb after amputation.
Retraction
The backward movement of a body part such as the shoulder.
Rehabilitation
Process of restoring a person who has been debilitated by a disease or injury to a functional life.
Rehabilitation Team
Group of allied health care professionals that frequently includes physician, surgeon, orthotist/prosthetists, physical and occupational therapist, social worker, and counselor who serve the needs of a patient.
Scoliosis
Lateral, or outward, curvature of the spine in the thoracic and/or lumbar regions.
Socket
The portion of the prosthesis that is in contact with the residual limb.
Soft Orthosis
Orthotic device made from fabric or elastic components (e.g., pressure gradient hose, corset, cervical collars, trusses).
Sound side leg
Non-amputated limb.
Spina Bifida
A congenital malformation of the vertebral column. In prenatal life the column fails to develop and close normally, and the portion of the bony spine remains separated in two sections.
Supination
The movement of the forearm so that the hand rests palm up on a surface.
Talipes Equinovarus
Commonly known as clubfoot. In this disorder the foot has a small, elevated heel; a broad twisted forefoot; and a curved outer border.
Technician-Orthotic/Prosthetic
Person trained to fabricate, repair, and maintain orthoses or prostheses under the supervision of an orthotist/ prosthetist.
Thoracic
Related to the trunk/rib cage.
Transfemoral
A type of amputation that occurs above the knee.
Transhumeral
A type of amputation that occurs above the elbow.
Transradial
A type of amputation that occurs at the forearm.
Transtibial
A type of amputation that occurs below the knee.
Valgus
Deformity of the foot resulting in the outward rotation of the plantar surface, or sole, of the foot so that it faces away from the median, or midline of the body.
BK
Below Knee, also known as Transtibial
AK
Above Knee, also known as Transfemoral
BE
Below Elbow, also known as Transradial
AE
Above Elbow, also known as Transhumeral
AFO
Ankle Foot Orthosis
CO
Cervical Orthosis
CROW
Charcot Restrain Orthotic Walker
CTLSO
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Orthosis
DMO
Dynamic Movement Orthosis
EWHO
Elbow Wrist Hand Orthosis
FO
Foot Orthosis
HKAFO
Hip Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis
HO
Hand Orthosis
KAFO
Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis
KO
Knee Orthosis
LSO
Lumbar Sacral Orthosis
SEWHO
Shoulder Elbow Wrist Hand Orthosis
SMO
Supra-Malleolar Orthosis
TLSO
Thoracolumbosacral Orthosis
WHFO
Wrist Hand Finger Orthosis
WHO
Wrist Hand Orthosis
