Vocabulary

Question 1

hypothesis

Answer 1

a statement that you can test, to see if it’s true, by analysing data

Question 2

cesspool

Answer 2

a hole under a building for collecting toilet waste

Question 3

cholera

Answer 3

a serious disease caught from bacteria in the water that causes severe diarrhea and vomiting which may cause death

Question 4

sewage system

Answer 4

facility consisting of a system of sewers for carrying off liquid and solid sewage

Question 5

fieldwork

Answer 5

where you go out and collect data, to test a hypothesis or answer a question

Question 6

data

Answer 6

information collected for a purpose; for example measurements of a river’s depth

Question 7

enquiry question

Answer 7

a question asked to get some information

Question 8

physical geography

Answer 8

deals with Earth’s natural processes; for example, coasts, glaciers, and climate

Question 9

life expectancy

Answer 9

how many years a new baby can expect to life for, on average

Question 10

population distribution

Answer 10

how people in the world are spread around

Question 11

densely populated

Answer 11

lots of people live there

Question 12

sparsely populated

Answer 12

few people live there

Question 13

population

Answer 13

how many people live in a place

Question 14

population density

Answer 14

the average number of people living in a place, per square kilometer

Question 15

postcode

Answer 15

a set of numbers and letters which are added to an address to help mail delivery

Question 16

fertility rate

Answer 16

the average number of children per woman, in a population

Question 17

GIS

Answer 17

Geographic Information System

lets you display layers of data on a map on a computer screen, to help you make decisions

Question 18

GPS

Answer 18

Global Positioning System

tells you exactly where on Earth you are, using radio waves from satellites

Question 19

latitude

Answer 19

how far a place is north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees

Question 20

longitude

Answer 20

how far a place is east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees

Question 21

natural increase

Answer 21

the number of births minus the number of deaths in a period

Question 22

immigrants

Answer 22

a person who moves here from another country to live

Question 23

emigrants

Answer 23

a person who leaves his or her own country to settle in another country

Question 24

GNI

Answer 24

Gross National Income

a country’s total income for a year, given in dollars

Question 25

GNI per person (PPP)

Answer 25

a country's GNI divided by the population; it's a measure of how wealthy the people are, on average

Question 26

population pyramid

Answer 26

a diagram showing population from different age groups

Question 27

resources

Answer 27

things we need to live or use to earn a living; for example food, fuel

Question 28

sustainable

Answer 28

can be carried on into the future without harming people's quality of life, or the economy, or the environment

Question 29

industry

Answer 29

manufacturing, for example, the car industry; often use for services too, for example, the tourism industry

Question 30

urbanisation

Answer 30

the increase in the percentage of the population living in urban areas

Question 31

megacity

Answer 31

a city with over 10 million people

Question 32

decline

Answer 32

to fall gradually into a poor state

Question 33

de-industrialisation

Answer 33

loss of industry

Question 34

regeneration

Answer 34

the process of restoring an area that was in a poor state, and bring it back to life

Question 35

speculators

Answer 35

they take a risk and spend money in the hope of making lots of profit

Question 36

slum

Answer 36

area of very poor housing

Question 37

development

Answer 37

a process of change that goes on in a country, with the aim of improving people's life

Question 38

push factors

Answer 38

factors that push people out of a place

Question 39

pull factors

Answer 39

factors that attract people to a place

Question 40

squatter settlements

Answer 40

a slum that is made up of shacks that people build illegally

Question 41

economic

Answer 41

about money ad business

Question 42

economy

Answer 42

all the business activity going on in a country

Question 43

fossil fuels

Answer 43

coal, oil, natural gas

Question 44

hunter-gatherers

Answer 44

they lived by hunting animals and collecting fruits and seeds

Question 45

Industrial Revolution

Answer 45

the period, about 1760 to 1840, in Britain when many new machines were invented, and factories were built

Question 46

inequality

Answer 46

when wealth and opportunity are not shared fairly among people

Question 47

manufacturing

Answer 47

making things in factories

Question 48

migrant

Answer 48

a person who moves to another part of the country, or another country, usually to work

Question 49

natural

Answer 49

occurs without human's involvement

Question 50

non-renewable sources

Answer 50

resources that we will run out one day, for example, oil

Question 51

rural area

Answer 51

an area that is mainly countryside; it may have villages and small towns

Question 52

urban area

Answer 52

a built-up area, with large towns or a city