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IELTS 4 > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

the central part of a city

A

City centre

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2
Q

an area of sand or small stones near the sea or another area of water such as a lake

A

Beach

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3
Q

غیر ممکنه پارک کردن در مرکز شهر

A

It’s impossible to park in the city centre.

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4
Q

خانه های با سقف شیروانی و معمولا تک طبقه

A

Bungalow

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5
Q

a large strong building, built in the past by a ruler or important person to protect the people inside from attack picture of castle

A

Castle

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6
Q

the inside surface of a room that you can see when you look above you

A

Ceiling

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7
Q

از سقف حمام قسمت هایی از پلاسترافتاده اند

A

On the bathroom ceiling, some pieces of plaster had fallen away.

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8
Q

زیر زمین

A

basement, cellar

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9
Q

جزیره دور افتاده

A

Remote island

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10
Q

attractive in an exciting and special way

A

glamorous,

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11
Q

یک زن وسوسه انگیز

A

a glamorous woman

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12
Q

او خیلی وسوسه انگیز و فریبنده به نظر می رسید

A

She was looking very glamorous.

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13
Q

a very large, expensive house

A

mansion

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14
Q

آن خانه بزرگ و گرانقیمت یک ظرافت و پوسیدگی ژنتیکی داشت.

A

The mansion had an atmosphere of genteel elegance and decay.

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15
Q

مرمر

A

marble

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16
Q

having a lot of space

A

spacious

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17
Q

یک خانه بزرگ راحت است.

A

A spacious house is comfortable.

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18
Q

پلکان

A

staircase

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19
Q

جزیره افسانه ای

A

mythical island

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20
Q

ویژگی ، املاک

A

property

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21
Q

این ملک، 27 طبقه دارد

A

the property has 27 floors.

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22
Q

طراحی داخلی خانه خیلی وسوسه انگیز است

A

the interior of the home is very glamorous

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23
Q

خانه عجیب (اسراف کارانه)

A

extravagant home

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24
Q

از سوی دیگر

A

alternatively

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25
Q

لابی چندین قسمت پذیرش و 9 تا اسانسور دارد

A

the lobby has numerous reception areas and nine lifts

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26
Q

کتابخانه های بزرگ و یک مرکز آبگرم درمانی

A

vast libraries and a health spa

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27
Q

اتاق رقص پرشده از لوستر

A

grand ballrooms filled with chandeliers

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28
Q

هلی پاد

A

helipad

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29
Q

حومه اطراف شهر

A

surrounding countryside

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30
Q

من از اتاقم به حومه اطراف شهر نگاه میکنم.

A

From my room, I look out over the surrounding countryside.

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31
Q

چشم انداز آشنا

A

familiar landscape

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32
Q

حومه اطراف شهر بسیار متفاوت است با آنچیزی که من از پنجره در خانه می بینم.

A

The surrounding countryside is very different from the familiar landscape I see from the windows at home.

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33
Q

a landscape with nothing extreme or threatening about it.

A

gentle landscape

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34
Q

fields uninterrupted by woods or houses.

A

open fields

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35
Q

antonym of gentle landscape

A

bleak landscape

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36
Q

کوه های سنگی

A

rocky mountains

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37
Q

مسیر را دنبال کن

A

follow the path

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38
Q

(جاده زاویه دار)دور زدن (چرخیدن) از یک گوشه

A

turning a corner

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39
Q

نیم نگاهی به

A

glimpse of …

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40
Q

نیم نگاهی کردن به ماشین

A

‍catch a glimpse of a car

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41
Q

عکس بگیر

A

take a picture of …

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42
Q

آن نگاه ما را به خود جلب می کند

A

It catches sight of us.

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43
Q

پرواز کرد

A

flew off

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44
Q

saw for a moment

A

catch a glimpse of

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45
Q

turned a corner

A

rounded a band

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46
Q

به چشم آمدن

A

came into view

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47
Q

it gets damaged or destroyed because no one is taking care of it

A

fall into ruin

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48
Q

خراب کردن

A

ruin, devastate, wreck, spoil

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49
Q

St

A

abbreviation of Street or Saint

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50
Q

To be completely devastated, destroyed, or wrecked.(IDIOM)

A

lies into ruins

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51
Q

used to say that something is interesting, useful, or helpful (idiom)

A

well worth doing something (seeing, watching, …)

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52
Q

این فیلم جذابه برای دیدن

A

The film is well worth seeing.

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53
Q

become a ruin (idiom)

A

fall into ruin

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54
Q

صحنه دراماتیک

A

dramatic setting

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55
Q

شیب، دامنه

A

slope

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56
Q

شیب تند

A

steep slope

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57
Q

رودخانه ی با جریان تند

A

fast-flowing river

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58
Q

کوه های سر به فلک کشیده

A

mountains towering

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59
Q

mountains rising dramatically

A

mountains towering

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60
Q

a countryside that has not been changed by industry or modern buildings.

A

unspoiled countryside

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61
Q

a small house in the country

A

cottage

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62
Q

thick forest

A

dense forest

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63
Q

درختان افق دید کوه های پوشیده از برف را سد می کنند.

A

The trees block the view of the snow-covered mountains.

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64
Q

کوه های پوشیده از برف

A

snow-covered mountains

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65
Q

a natural flow of water, events, …

A

stream

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66
Q

makes lots of bends, doesn’t flow in a straight line

A

stream winds

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67
Q

کارخانه چوب (الوار سازی)

A

timber factory

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68
Q

نابود کردن حوالی

A

destroy the countryside

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69
Q

خوشبختانه

A

Fortunately

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70
Q

حمایت کردن از محیط زیست

A

protect the environment

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71
Q

کمپین برای حمایت از محیط زیست موفق شد

A

campaign to protect the environment succeeded.

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72
Q

در اکثر اتاقها ویوی غیرمزاحم از قلعه وجود دارد

A

From most rooms, there are uninterrupted views of the castle.

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73
Q

nothing blocks the views of the castle.

A

uninterrupted views of the castle

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74
Q

view over a very wide area

A

panoramic view

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75
Q

very dramatic view

A

spectacular view

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76
Q

دیدنی جذاب تماشایی

A

spectacular

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77
Q

enjoy a view

A

admire a view

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78
Q

can be seen from a long way away

A

dominate the landscape

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79
Q

چیره شدن مسلط شدن

A

dominate

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80
Q

امتداد ساحل

A

beach stretch

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81
Q

beach without many people

A

Secluded beach

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82
Q

شلوغی پلوغی

A

hustle and bustle

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83
Q

حومه خلوت - اطراف ساکت

A

tranquil countryside

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84
Q

این قلعه برای حدودا هزارسال است که در مسیر خرابی افتاده

A

the castle fell into ruin about a hunded years ago.

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85
Q

extremely striking and beautiful views

A

breathtaking scenery

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86
Q

افق دید شهر

A

city skyline

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87
Q

افق دید شهر یک ترکیب شگفت انگیزی از قدیم و جدید است.

A

The city skyline is a wonderful mix of old and new.

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88
Q

خیابان باریک سنگفرش شده

A

narrow cobbled street.

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89
Q

an area where animals and plants are protected

A

conservation area

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90
Q

ساختمان قدیمی عجیب و غریب

A

‍quaint old building

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91
Q

made of a regular pattern of stones

A

cobbled

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92
Q

attractive because of being unusual and especially old-fashioned.

A

quaint

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93
Q

designed for or used by people who have a lot of money

A

upmarket

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94
Q

مغازه های لاکچری فروش

A

upmarket shop

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95
Q

expensive, in a negative sense

A

pricey

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96
Q

قیمت خوب

A

good value

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97
Q

فضای آرام

A

relaxed atmosphere

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98
Q

خیابان پادشاهی از شمال تا جنوب کشیده شده است

A

Royal Avenue runs from north to south.

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99
Q

این خیابان مملو از مغازه است

A

the street is lined with shops.

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100
Q

بارهای پرجنب و جوش

A

lively bars

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101
Q

باشگاه های مدروز

A

fashionable clubs

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102
Q

کافه پیاده رویی

A

pavement cafe

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103
Q

دلپذیر

A

pleasant

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104
Q

central part of a city where poorer people live and where there are often social problems.

A

inner city

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105
Q

a city area which is empty and in a bad condition.

A

urban wasteland

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106
Q

where the police and other authorities are afraid to enter.

A

no-go area

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107
Q

in very bad condition

A

run-down building

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108
Q

to cover by or as if by scattering something

A

strewing something with litter

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109
Q

منطقه محروم

A

Deprived area

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110
Q

منطقه صنعتی

A

industraial zones

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111
Q

شهر پراکنده

A

sprawling city

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112
Q

ترافیک سنگین

A

bumper to bumper traffic

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113
Q

گازهای خروجی

A

exhaust fumes

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114
Q

کابوس

A

nightmare

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115
Q

حجم ترافیک

A

volume of traffic

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116
Q

غرش بی وقفه کامیونها

A

the incessant roar of trucks

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117
Q

بی وقفه

A

incessant

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118
Q

غرش

A

roar

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119
Q

حومه شهر

A

suburb

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120
Q

حومه راحت نشین

A

comfortable suburb

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121
Q

زاغه

A

shanty town

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122
Q

خیابان سه خطه

A

tree-lined avenue

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123
Q

منطقه مسکونی

A

residential area

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124
Q

آپارتمان سربه فلک کشیده

A

high-rise flat

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125
Q

ساختمان های اجباری

A

imposing building

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126
Q

graph / chart vocabs

A

row / line graph / bar chart / column / horizontal axis / key / pie chart / segment / table / vertical / line

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127
Q

کلمات توصیف حرکت صعودی و رشد در نمودارها

به معنی رشد کردن و بالا رفتن

A

Rise / Increase / Climb / Go up / Rocket / Soar

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128
Q

کلمات توصیف حرکت نزولی و افت در نمودارها(به معنی کاهش و نزول و افت کردن)

A

Fall / Decrease / Decline / Go down / Plummet / Plungue / Drop

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129
Q

کلمات توصیف حرکت ثابت در نمودارها

A

Maintain / Remain / Stay

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130
Q

Big change adj

A

Significant / Dramatic / substatial / Considerable

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131
Q

Small change adj

A

slight / modest /

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132
Q

Gradual or no change

A

Stable / steady / unchanged

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133
Q

شیب

A

slop

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134
Q

Big change adverb

A

significantly / considerably / substantialy / dramaticaly /

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135
Q

Small change adverb

A

slightly / moderatly

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136
Q

Gradual change adverb

A

steadily / gradually / consistantly / slowly

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137
Q

Quick change adv

A

quickly / sharply / rapidly

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138
Q

نوسان داشتن

A

fluctuate

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139
Q

Intransitive Verbs

A

افعال لازم :
افعال لازم افعالی هستند که نیازی به مفعول ندارند و معنای جمله بدون مفعول کامل است. برای مثال در جمله “من رفتم.” معنی جمله کامل است و فعل “رفتم” نیازی به مفعول ندارد. مثال از افعال لازم در داخل جمله:
That dog jumped two times.

140
Q

Transitive Verbs

A

افعال متعدی:
افعال متعدی افعالی هستند که حتما نیاز به مفعول مستقیم دارند تا معنای جمله کامل شود، یعنی بدون مفعول معنای جمله ناقص است. برای مثال به جمله “من خریدم.” توجه کنید. در این جمله مفعول ذکر نشده است و شنونده بعد از شنیدن جمله خواهد پرسید چه چیزی را خریدی؟ پس فعل خریدن یکی از افعال متعدی است و نیاز به مفعول دارد. این جمله را باید به این شکل نوشت: “من یک کتاب خریدم.” مثال از افعال متعدی در داخل جمله:

I sent an email to my teacher.

141
Q

full of busy activity

A

bustling

142
Q

مرکز پرترافیک و شلوغ

A

bustling centre

143
Q

زندگی شهری

A

urban living

144
Q

حمل و نقل عمومی قابل اعتماد

A

reliable public transport

145
Q

رستوران هایی با ساعت فعالیت طولانی

A

restaurants whose long opening hours.

146
Q

زندگی روستایی در مقایسه با زندگی شهری

A

country life versus city life

147
Q

افسون زندگی روستایی

A

the rustic charm

148
Q

روستا

A

rustic

149
Q

افسون، جذابیت

A

charm

150
Q

a place that is a long way from other places and is difficult to get to

A

the back of beyond

151
Q

این یه کلبه زیبای کوچیکه اما اون واقعا دور از دسترسه

A

It’s a nice little cottage but it really is in the back of beyond.

152
Q

a place or experience in which everything is peaceful and everyone is perfectly happy

A

idyll

153
Q

مدینه فاضله روستایی

A

rural idyll

154
Q

a place that is isolated, totally.

A

backwater

155
Q

جای کاملا اروم و بدون مزاحم

A

quick backwater

156
Q

در وسط ناکجا آباد

A

in the middle of nowhere

157
Q

من خیلی خیلی خسته شدم

A

I was bored rigid.

158
Q

خیابان شلوغ

A

crowded street

159
Q

سرعت گیج کننده زندگی

A

the hectic pace of life

160
Q

صدا زدن تاکسی

A

hail a taxi

161
Q

بازافرینی شهری

A

urban regeneration

162
Q

ترمیم

A

restoration

163
Q

ساختمان متروکه

A

derelict building

164
Q

طرح کاشت درخت

A

tree-planting scheme

165
Q

شهر داخلی - قسمت نزدیک مرکز

A

inner city

166
Q

حومه ی پر از درخت و سر سبز

A

leafy suburbs

167
Q

جای دلخواه برای زندگی

A

a desirable place to live

168
Q

a house, apartment, etc where people live

A

dwelling

169
Q

خانه مسکونی - آپارتمان مسکونی

A

residential dwelling

170
Q

جاده های متراکم

A

congested roads

171
Q

مابین مسافت های پیاده روی

A

within walking distance

172
Q

همیشه باز

A

open all hours

173
Q

اعلام کردن

A

announce

174
Q

زوال شهری

A

urban decay

175
Q

کابوس شهری

A

urban nightmare

176
Q

a landscape with nothing extreme or threatening about it

A

a gentle landscape

177
Q

fields uninterrupted by woods or homes

A

open fields

178
Q

see for a moment

A

catch a glimpse of

179
Q

turn a corner

A

round a bend

180
Q

become a ruin

A

fall into ruin

181
Q

mountains rising dramatically

A

mountains towering

182
Q

a countryside that has not been changed by industry or modern buildings

A

unspoilt countryside

183
Q

thick forest

A

dense forest

184
Q

makes lots of bends, doesn’t flow in a straight line … through.

A

winds

185
Q

nothing blocks the view

A

uninterrupted view

186
Q

view over a very wide area

A

a panoramic view

187
Q

very dramatic view

A

a spectacular view

188
Q

to enjoy a view

A

admire a view

189
Q

extremely striking a beautiful views

A

breathtaking scenery

190
Q

the castle can be from a long way away

A

it dominates the landscape

191
Q

beaches without many people

A

secluded beaches

192
Q

formal word for a peaceful countryside

A

tranquil countryside

193
Q

made of a regular pattern of stones

A

cobbled streets

194
Q

attractive because of being unusual and especially old-fashioned

A

quaint

195
Q

for people with expensive tastes

A

upmarket shops

196
Q

expensive, in a negative sense

A

pricey

197
Q

central part of a city where poor people live and where there are often social problems

A

the inner city

198
Q

a city area which is empty and in a bad condition

A

an urban wasteland

199
Q

where the police and other authorities are afraid to enter

A

no-go areas

200
Q

in very bad condition

A

run-down buildings

201
Q

not having the things that are necessary for a pleasant life, e.g. enough money, good living conditions

A

deprived areas

202
Q

spread over a large area (slightly negative)

A

a sprawling city

203
Q

so many cars and so close that they are almost touching each other

A

bumper-to bumper traffic

204
Q

very loud noise which never stops…..

A

the incessant roar (of trucks and buses)

205
Q

a place from which people travel in order to work in a bigger town or city the ….

A

comfortable suburbs

206
Q

very poor houses made of discarded material (e.g. tin, cardboard, plastic, etc.) poor…

A

shanty towns

207
Q

full of busy activity

A

bustling

208
Q

appeal that is simple and picturesque

A

rustic charm

209
Q

an extremely isolated place

A

the back of beyond

210
Q

a quiet, isolated village

A

a quiet backwater

211
Q

extremely bored

A

bored rigid

212
Q

the very busy and fast pace

A

hectic pace

213
Q

buildings that are not cared for and are in a very bad condition

A

derelict buildings

214
Q

homes

A

residential dwellings

215
Q

آیا زمان حال انتظارات گذشته را برآورده کرده است؟

A

Has the present lived up to the expectations of the past?

216
Q

در کل

A

throughout

217
Q

در طول تاریخ

A

throughout history

218
Q

نویسنده های علمی تخیلی

A

science-fiction writers

219
Q

تا حدی آنها حق بودند

A

to some extent, they were right. Especially it comes to children and cyber addiction.

220
Q

تا سال 2000 دوباره نصف خواهد شد.

A

it would be cut in half again by 2000

221
Q

خانه های پر از گجت

A

gadget-filled homes

222
Q

احترام به نگاه های متنوع به آینده

A

tribute to the various visions of the future.

223
Q

توزیع کننده(نازل) مکعب های یخ

A

ice-cube dispenser

224
Q

نمایشگر ویدیو

A

video monitor

225
Q

کابینت های پر از غذاهای فوری

A

cupboards full of instant foods

226
Q

the latest or most advanced stage in the development of something./ the edge of a tool’s blade.

A

cutting-edge

227
Q

دانشمندان در لبه ی بیولوژی مولکولی

A

researchers at the cutting edge of molecular biology

228
Q

at the latest or most advanced stage of development; innovative or pioneering.

A

cutting-edge technology

229
Q

exceed; be better than

A

surpass

230
Q

پیشی گرفتن

A

surpass

231
Q

be greater in number or size than (a quantity, number, or other measurable things).

A

exceed

232
Q

تجاوز کردن از یک مرز - تخطی کردن

A

exceed

233
Q

هزین های تولید از 60000 دلار تجاوز کرده است

A

production costs have exceeded $60,000

234
Q

چشم انداز نحوه زندگی ما

A

the vision of how we would live

235
Q

ربات خانگی هرگز به طور کامل اتفاق نیفتاده است

A

the domestic robot never quite happened

236
Q

همچنین ممکن است زائد باشند.

A

they may as well be redundant

237
Q

ماشین در براورده کرده انتظارات ما (پیش بینی های ما) شکست خورده است

A

the car has failed to live up to our expectations.

238
Q

تایرهای ماشین سرسختانه به جاده می چسبد

A

car’s tyres stick stubbornly to the road.

239
Q

سرسختانه

A

stubbornly

240
Q

چرا ماشین بلند نمی شود؟

A

why doesn’t the car take off?

241
Q

لباس دراوردن، کاری که هواپیما قبل بلند شدن انجام می دهد

A

take off

242
Q

گذشته به ما قول یک ماشین پرنده را با لباسهای مختلف داده بود.

A

the past promised us a flying car in various guises.

243
Q

قیافه - ظاهر - منظر

A

guises

244
Q

قیافه - ظاهر - منظر

A

guise

245
Q

نمونه اولیه

A

prototype

246
Q

نمونه اولیه

A

prototype

247
Q

حدود 30 ثبت اختراع برای اتومبیل های پرنده در ایالات متحده ثبت شده است

A

some 30 patents for flying cars were registered in the US

248
Q

ثبت اختراع

A

patent

249
Q

تصادف کردن - سقوط کردن

A

crash

250
Q

تجاری

A

commercially

251
Q

تکنولوژی ارتباطی

A

communication technology

252
Q

ابزار ارتباطی

A

communication device

253
Q

دنیای مجازی اینترنت انقلابی دردنیا ایجاد کرده است

A

the virtual world of the internet has revolutionized the world

254
Q

guessed

A

speculated

255
Q

the machine invented for a specific purpose

A

device, gadget

256
Q

the first working example of a machine

A

prototype

257
Q

almost real

A

virtual

258
Q

very modern

A

cutting edge

259
Q

be greater than expected

A

surpassed

260
Q

relating to computers

A

digital

261
Q

a screen that images can be seen on

A

monitor

262
Q

an adjective used to describe anything related to computers

A

cyber

263
Q

خلبان اتوماتیک

A

automatic pilot

264
Q

اتصال بدون سیم

A

wireless connection

265
Q

فضای سایبری

A

cyberspace

266
Q

ذخیره کننده نیروی کار

A

labor-saving

267
Q

تراشه سیلیکونی

A

silicon cheap

268
Q

کنترل از راه دور

A

remote control

269
Q

استفاده مجدد کردن

A

reuse

270
Q

the action of using something again.(noun)

A

reuse

271
Q

use again or more than once.(verb)

A

reuse

272
Q

احیای دوباره

A

revegetate

273
Q

بدون کافئین

A

decaffeinated

274
Q

کافه بدون کافئین

A

decaffeinated coffee

275
Q

جنگل زدایی

A

deforestation

276
Q

اسید

A

acid

277
Q

تنوع زیستی

A

biodiversity

278
Q

آلوده

A

contaminated

279
Q

اب آلوده

A

contaminated water

280
Q

زیست بوم

A

ecosystem

281
Q

انتشار گاز گلخانه ای

A

emission of greenhouse gases

282
Q

مسائل محیطی

A

environmental issues

283
Q

فرسایش

A

erosion

284
Q

خسته شدن - خارج شدن

A

exhaust

285
Q

خسته

A

exhausted, tired

286
Q

خشکسالی

A

drought

287
Q

a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water

A

drought

288
Q

دلیل خشکسالی های اخیر اروپا

A

the cause of Europe’s recent droughts

289
Q

حاصلخیر

A

fertile

290
Q

کود

A

fertilizer

291
Q

پسماند

A

waste

292
Q

غالب - مسلط

A

dominant

293
Q

چندین دانشمند برجسته

A

several eminent scientists

294
Q

برجسته - بزرگ

A

eminent

295
Q

بی سابقه

A

unprecedented

296
Q

سابقه

A

precedent

297
Q

فشار بر روی اکوسیستم های زمین

A

the strain on the Earth’s ecosystems

298
Q

force (a part of one’s body or oneself) to make a strenuous or unusually great effort.

A

strain

299
Q

تهدید

A

threat(noun)

300
Q

تهدید کردن

A

threaten(verb)

301
Q

آینده ما را به عنوان یک گونه تهدید می کند

A

threatening our future as a species

302
Q

مواجه شدن - مقابله کردن

A

confront

303
Q

مواجه شدن با مشکلات محیط زیستی

A

confronting environmental problems

304
Q

آنها بیش از هر زمان دیگری فشار ایجاد می کنند.

A

they are more taxing than ever before.

305
Q

a strain or heavy demand.

A

tax

306
Q

بیش از هر زمان دیگری

A

more than ever before

307
Q

بعضی از آنها غیرقابل حل به نظر می رسند

A

some of them seemingly insoluble

308
Q

غیرقابل حل

A

insoluble, insolvable

309
Q

بسیاری از بحران های زمین مزمن بوده و به طور غیرقابل انکاری با یکدیگر مرتبط هستند.

A

many of the Earth’s crises are chronic and inexorably linked.

310
Q

مزمن

A

chronic

311
Q

غیرقابل انکار - به ناچار

A

inexorably

312
Q

impossible to stop or prevent.

A

inexorable

313
Q

آلودگی نمونه بارز تاثیر بر هوا ، آب و خاک ما می باشد

A

pollution is an obvious example of this affecting our air, water, and soil

314
Q

هوا توسط انتشارات تولید شده توسط اتومبیل و صنعت آلوده می شود.

A

the air is polluted by emissions produced by cars and industry.

315
Q

سودمند - مفید

A

beneficial , useful

316
Q

unspoiled (syn)

طبیعی و دست نخورده

A

pristine

317
Q

unparalleled

A

unprecedented

318
Q

extremely harmful

A

devastating

319
Q

insurmountable

A

insoluble

320
Q

unaffected

A

immune

321
Q

ارزشمند

A

worth while

322
Q

مزایا

A

advantages

323
Q

بیهوده - بی معنی

A

pointless, futile

324
Q

بی حاصل

A

fruitless

325
Q

امکان پذیر

A

conceivable, probable

326
Q

با دوام - ماندنی

A

viable

327
Q

دست یافتنی

A

achievable

328
Q

دست نیافتنی

A

unattainable

329
Q

غیرعملی - اجرا نشدنی

A

impracticable, unfeasible, improbable

330
Q

مسئول ، متمایل

A

liable

331
Q

سوال برانگیز

A

questionable

332
Q

شک برانگیز

A

doubtful

333
Q

از طریق باران اسیدی و گازهای گلخانه ای.

A

through acid rain and greenhouse gases.

334
Q

گازهای خروجی

A

exhaust fumes

335
Q

تأثیر مخرب بر آب و هوا

A

the devastating impact on our climate

336
Q

شاید، قابل بحث

A

arguably

337
Q

آلودگی

A

contamination

338
Q

پستانداران

A

mammals

339
Q

طبیعی و دست نخورده

A

pristine

340
Q

extremely harmful

ویرانگر

A

devastating

341
Q

آلوده کردن

A

contaminate

342
Q

یک بار مصرف

A

disposable

343
Q

فرسایش دادن

A

erode

344
Q

حفظ کردن - پایدار ماندن

A

sustain

345
Q

به دست اوردن

A

attain

346
Q

بخار-گاز

A

fume

347
Q

پایدار

A

sustainable

IELTS 4 (6 decks)

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