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Algebra II > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic Sequence

A

a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant.

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely.

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3
Q

Change of Base Formula

A

for all positive numbers a,b, and n, where a does not equal 1 and b does not equal 1;logn=logb n/ logb a.

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4
Q

Circle

A

a round plane figure whose boundary (the circumference) consists of points equidistant from a fixed point (the center).

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5
Q

Combined Variation

A

a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others (when the rest of the variables are held constant).

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6
Q

Common Difference

A

the constant Difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence.

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7
Q

Common Logarithm

A

a logarithm with base 10, denoted as log10, or simply by log.

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8
Q

Common Ratio

A

the constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

Completing the Square

A

to add a term c to an expression of the form x² +bx such that x²+bx+c is a perfect square trinomial.

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10
Q

Complex Conjugates

A

paris of complex numbers of the forms a+bi and a-bi, where b is not equal to 0.

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11
Q

Complex Fractions

A

a fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator or denominator.

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12
Q

Complex Number

A

a number written in the form a+bi, where a and b are real numbers.

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13
Q

Composition of Functions

A

an operation that can be preformed with two functions.

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14
Q

Compound Inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities.

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15
Q

Conic Section

A

a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane.

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16
Q

Consistent

A

a linear or nonlinear system of equations

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17
Q

Constant of Variation

A

the constant a in the inverse variation equation y-a/x, where a is not equal to 0.

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18
Q

Continuous Relation

A

if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval.

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19
Q

Correlation Coefficient

A

a number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pairs (x,y).

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20
Q

Dependent

A

the one that depends on the value of some other number.

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21
Q

Dimensions of Matrix

A

the dimensions of a matrix with m rows and n columns are m X n (read ¨m by n¨).

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22
Q

Direct Variation

A

a simple relationship between two variables .

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

the expression b² - 4ac in the Quadratic Formula.

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

A=pi(a)(b); a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal points is a constant.

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25
Q

End Behavior

A

the behavior of the graph of function as x approaches positive infinity or negative infinity.

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26
Q

Exponential Equation

A

equations in which variable expressions occur as exponents.

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27
Q

Extraneous Solution

A

solutions that are not solutions of the original equation.

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28
Q

Extrema

A

any point at which the value of a function is largest (a maximum) or smallest (a minimum).

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29
Q

Factor Theorem

A

a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial.

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30
Q

Finite Sequence

A

it has a limited number of terms and infinite if it does not.

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31
Q

Function

A

a relation from a set of inputs to a set of possible outputs where each input is related to exactly one output.

32
Q

Geometric Sequence

A

a sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is constant.

33
Q

Greatest Integer Function

A

the function rounds -off the real number down to the integer less than the number. This function is also known as the Floor Function.

34
Q

Growth Factor

A

the value of b in an exponential growth function of the form y=ab², where a>0 and b>1.

35
Q

Hyperbola

A

a conic section defined as the locus of all points in the plane the difference of whose distances and from two fixed points (the foci and ) separated by a distance is a given positive constant ,

36
Q

Identity Function

A

is a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument.

37
Q

Imaginary Function

A

one that when squared gives a negative result.

38
Q

Inconsistent

A

two or more equations that are impossible to solve based on using one set of values for the variables.

39
Q

Independent

A

a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment.

40
Q

Infinite Sequence

A

a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integer´s

41
Q

Interval Notation

A

a way of writing subsets of the real number line .

42
Q

Inverse Function

A

functions that undo each-other.

43
Q

Inverse Relation

A

the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function.

44
Q

Inverse Variation

A

two variables x and y show inverse variation when y= a/x, where a does not equal 0.

45
Q

Joint Variation

A

a variable varies directly or inversely with multiple variables.

46
Q

Latus Rectum

A

the chord through a focus parallel to the conic section directrix.

47
Q

Linear programming

A

modeling technique in which a linear function is maximized or minimized when subjected to various constraints.

48
Q

Logarithm

A

the power to which a number must be raised in order to get some other number

49
Q

Logistic Growth Model

A

a model that represents growth that has a limiting factor- is the most accurate model for representing population growth.

50
Q

Matrix

A

a rectangular arrangement of numbers.

51
Q

n^th root

A

hkhvch

52
Q

Natural Logarithm

A

a logarithm with base e, denoted by loge or ln.

53
Q

Negative Exponent

A

the base is on the wrong side of the fraction line, so you need to flip the base to the other side

54
Q

Parabola

A

the graph of a quadratic function.

55
Q

Parent Function

A

the most basic function in a family of functions.

56
Q

Piece-wise defined Function

A

a function that is written using two or more expressions.

57
Q

Point-slope Function

A

the general form y-y₁=m(x-x₁) for linear equations. It emphasizes the slope of the line and a point on the line (that is not the y-intercept).

58
Q

Quadratic Function

A

a function that can be written in the form f(x)=a(x-h)²+k, where a does not equal 0.

59
Q

Radicand

A

the number that is under the radical

is indicated to be taken to the nth root.

60
Q

Rate of Change

A

the percentage change in value over a defined period of time, and it represents the momentum of a variable.

61
Q

Rational Exponent

A

an exponent that is a fraction

62
Q

Rational Function

A

a function that has the form f(x)=p(x)/q(x), where p(x) and q(x) are polynomials and q(x) does not equal 0.

63
Q

Rationalizing the Denominator

A

to eliminate radicals from a denominator or fractions from a radicand.

64
Q

Recursive Formula

A

a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s).

65
Q

Regressive Line

A

a line of best fit

66
Q

Relative Maximum

A

is a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing (making that point a “peak” in the graph).

67
Q

Relative Minimum

A

is a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing (making that point a “peak” in the graph).

68
Q

Root

A

solutions to a quadratic equation.

69
Q

Scatter Plot

A

a graph of plotted points that show the relationship between two sets of data. In this example, each dot represents one person’s weight versus their height.

70
Q

Sequence

A

an ordered list of numbers

71
Q

Set-Builder Notation

A

uses symbols to define a set, in terms of the properties of the members of the set.

72
Q

Step Function

A

a piece-wise function defined by a constant value over each part of its domain.

73
Q

Synthetic Division

A

a shortcut method to divide a polynomial by a binomial of the form x-k

74
Q

Vertex Form

A

a quadric function written in the form f(x)=a(x-h)²+k, where a does not equal 0.

75
Q

Vertical Line Test

A

used to determine if a graph of a relationship is a function or not. if you can draw any vertical line that intersects more than one point on the relationship, then it is not a function.

76
Q

Zeros

A

any replacement for the variable that will produce an answer of zero.

Algebra II (1 decks)

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