Vocabualry Flashcards
This is the name for the era in US History between 1877-1900 that was showcased by shiny new cities, industries, electricity, mansions and inventions that masked underlying problems of poverty, crime, political corruption, and a disparity of wealth
Gilded Age
Issues such as poverty, wars, religious persecution that caused people to emigrate from their home country
Push Migration Factors
Issues such as economic opportunity, religious freedom, political freedom, and social mobility brought immigrants into the US by the millions in the Gilded Age.
Pull Migration Factors
Many middle-class Americans lived in these thanks to developments in mass transit such as the electric trolley car
Streetcar Suburbs
Though a smaller group entered through Angel Island and came from Asia, most of these who came to the US during the Gilded Age came from Southern or Eastern Europe and were culturally different from those who entered before 1880.
New Immigrants
These were institutions that helped the urban poor and helped to assimilate new immigrants. They provided numerous community services such as medical care, child care, libraries, and classes in English. Jane Addams founded the first of these, the Hull house, in Chicago
Settlement House
Along with elevated trains, these were built to relieve congestion on city streets
Subway
Congress responded to Nativist concerns in this era by passing this law which barred further Chinese immigration and prohibited the Chinese who were already in the US from becoming citizens
Chinese Exclusion Act
This law was passed in an attempt to reform the “spoils system.” (Patronage) It placed many government jobs under the “Civil Service,” and to get one of those jobs, many qualifications must be met and competitive exam must be passed
Pendleton Act
This was formed to regulate trade between states
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
This Supreme Court case established that “separate but equal” facilities for the races was legal. It led to the legalized segregation of the Southern states for decades
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
This is the nickname for the laws that enforced segregation in the South
Jim Crow Laws
People who support this philosophy agree that no matter how humble your origins, (your background) you can rise in society as far as your talents, commitment and hard work will take you
Individualism
Adherents to this philosophy support the laissez-faire (gov’t shouldn’t interfere) approach to the economy and society in general, apply Darwin’s theory of evolution, “survival of the fittest”, natural selection theory to human society, and believe that human society progresses because people compete. Economic success comes to those who are the hardest working and most competent
Social Darwinism
