vocab workout 2 Flashcards
forthright
direct and outspoken
marquee
a canopy projecting over the entrance to a theater, hotel, or other building
extricate
free someone or something from a constraint or difficulty
expend
spend or use up (a resource such as money, time, or energy)
hedonistic
engaged in the pursuit of pleasure, sensually self-indulgent
unconscionable
not right or reasonable
disenchantment
a feeling of disappointment about someone or something you previously respected or admired
upshot
the eventual outcome or conclusion of a discussion, action, or series of events
rectitude
morally correct behavior or thinking
feckless
lacking initiative or strength of character; irresponsible
futile
pointless
untenable
not able to be maintained or defended against attack or objection
curt
rudely brief
stasis
a period of inactivity or equilibrium
transgression
an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; an offense
crux
the decisive or most important point at issue
irreverent
showing a lack of respect for people or things that are generally taken seriously
zest
great enthusiasm and energy
draconian
(of laws or their application) excessively harsh and severe
charismatic
exercising a compelling charm that inspires devotion in others
sullen
gloomy
evasive
tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly
bout
a short period of intense activity of a specified kind
ancillary
providing necessary support to the primary activities or operation of an organization; a person whose work provides necessary support to the primary activities of an organization
catatonia
abnormality of movement and behavior arising from a disturbed mental state
ostensibly
apparently or purportedly, but perhaps not actually
falter
start to lose strength or momentum
sleuth
carry out a careful investigation; a detective
compulsory
required by law or a rule; obligatory
smattering
a small amount of something
dystopian
denoting an imagined state or society where there is great suffering or injustice
precipitate
cause to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely
penchant
a strong liking for something or tendency to do something
portmanteau
a word blending the sounds and combining the meaning of two others
presage
be a sign or warning that something bad will happen
disavow
deny any responsibility or support for
hapless
unfortunate
forthcoming
willing to give information; ready or made available when wanted or needed
suborn
bribe or induce someone to commit an unlawful act such as perjury
non sequitur
a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement
spearhead
lead an attack or movement
ouster
dismissal from a position
impertinent
not showing proper respect, rude; irrelevant
degenerate
an immoral or corrupt person
wry
expressing dry, especially mocking, humor
trifle
a thing of little value or importance
insurrection
a violent uprising against an authority or government
existential
relating to existence
obstinate
stubbornly refusing to change one’s opinion or chosen course of action, despite attempts to persuade one to do so
measly
contemptibly small or few
gratuitous
uncalled for, lacking good reason, unwarranted
sedition
conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against authority
trove
a store of valuable things
vitality
the state of being strong and active
trope
a figurative or metaphorical use of a word or expression
incredulous
unable to believe something
decadence
moral or cultural decline as characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury
illicit
forbidden by law, rules, or custom
forbidding
unfriendly in appearance
audacious
showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks
palpable
so intense as to seem almost tangible
retribution
punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong act
pungent
having a sharply strong taste or smell
introspection
the examination of one’s own mental and emotional processes
rubric
a statement of purpose or function
echo
be reminiscent of or have shared characteristics with
proverbial
well known, especially so as to be stereotypical
nomenclature
the choosing of names for things, especially in a science or other discipline
pundit
an expert in a particular field who is frequently called on to give opinions about it to the public
vaunt
boast about or praise something, especially excessively
dispossess
deprive someone of land, property, or other possessions
stalwart
loyal, reliable, and hardworking
savant
a learned person, especially a distinguished scientist
antecedent
a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another
bastardize
change something in such a way as to lower its quality, typically by adding new elements
maladaptive
not providing adequate adjustment to the environment or situation
paragon
a model of excellence/perfection
impotent
lacking in power or influence
propulsive
having the quality of pushing forward
ballistic
suddenly excited, upset, or angry
jarring
incongruous in a striking way; causing a physical shock
deference
humble submission and respect
alacrity
brisk and cheerful readiness
heretic
a person believing in religious heresy; someone whose beliefs or actions are considered wrong by most people because they disagree with beliefs that are generally accepted
decry
publicly criticize
clout
influence, especially in politics or business
consonant
in agreement or harmony with
typify
be a representative example of
scuttlebutt
rumor, gossip
exonerate
absolve someone from blame
virtuoso
a person highly skilled in music or another artistic pursuit
wasteland
a bleak, unattractive, and unused or neglected urban or industrial area
pummel
criticize
reproachful
expressing disapproval or disappointment
embolden
give someone the confidence to do something or behave in a certain way
trailblazing
innovative, pioneering
polarizing
to cause people to separate into opposing groups
sojourn
a temporary stay
mulish
stubborn
snub
rebuff, ignore, or spurn disdainfully
derision
ridicule; mockery
vociferous
vehement or clamorous
martyr
a person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs
congruent
in agreement or harmony
stench
a strong and unpleasant smell
transfix
cause someone to become motionless with horror, wonder, or astonishment
adept
very skilled at something
fret
be visibly worried or anxious
domineering
asserting one’s will over another in an arrogant way
aphorism
a concise, terse, laconic, or memorable expression of a general truth or principle. often handed down by tradition
fervent
displaying a passionate intensity
debase
degrade
sheepish
showing embarrassment from shame or a lack of self-confidence
squabble
a noisy quarrel over something trivial
nefarious
wicked or criminal
unsanctioned
lacking effective or authoritative approval or consent
stealth
cautious action or movement
crass
lacking sensitivity or intelligence
amble
walk or move at a slow, relaxed pace
phalanx
a body of troops or police officers standing or moving in close formation
slate
criticize severely
unmitigated
absolute
eclectic
deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources
vile
extremely unpleasant
deep-six
destroy or dispose of something irretrievably
quintessential
representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class
unflappable
having or showing calmness in a crisis
affront
an action or remark that causes outrage
prose
talk tediously; written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure
eminent
famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession
vile
extremely unpleasant
squalid
extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect
tepid
only slightly warm; showing little enthusiasm
eviscerate
deprive something of its essential content
conciliate
placate, pacify
bristle
be covered with or abundant in
unequivocal
leaving no doubt, unambiguous
fledgling
a person or organization that is immature, inexperienced, or underdeveloped
vilify
speak or write about in an abusively disparaging manner
braggadocio
boastful or arrogant behavior
fluke
an unlikely chance or occurrence
collateral
additional but subordinate; secondary
miscreant
a person who behaves badly or in a way that breaks the law
retronym
a new term created from an existing word in order to distinguish it from the meaning that has emerged through progress or technological development
harrowing
acutely distressing
mouthpiece
one that expresses or interprets another’s views
disinformation
false or misleading information that is spread deliberately to deceive
teeter
be unable to decide between different courses; waver
self-abasing
belittling or degrading oneself
foment
instigate or stir up
petulant
childishly sulky or bad-tempered
grandstand
act or speak in a way intended to attract attention and to influence the opinion of people who are watching
palatial
relating to a palace
trivialize
make something seem less important, significant, or complex than it actually is
tasteless
lacking in aesthetic judgment
unwieldy
difficult to carry or move because of its size, shape, or weight
putative
generally considered or reputed to be
ravishing
delightful; entrancing
ricochet
rebound one or more times off a surface
expressly
explicitly; clearly
détente
the relaxation of strained relations
insensate
lacking sense or awareness; lacking sympathy
despotism
the exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way
backpedal
reverse one’s previous action or opinion
materially
substantially; considerably
power grab
to obtain control over something in an opportunistic way
cultivate
try to acquire (a quality, sentiment, or skill)
amiss
not quite right; inappropriate or out of place
astute
showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn it to one’s own advantage
deracinate
uproot someone from their natural geographical, social, or cultural environment
pendency
the state, condition, or period of being pending or awaiting settlement
fortify
strengthen with defensive works so as to protect it against attack
posterity
all future generations of people
primitive
relating to an early stage in the evolutionary development of something
lucid
bright; expressed clearly
vitriol
cruel criticism
haughty
arrogantly superior and disdainful
abrogate
repeal or do away with; evade a responsibility
sneer
smile or speak in a contemptuous or mocking manner
genial
friendly and cheerful
tactical
constituting actions carefully planned to gain a specific military end
equivocate
use ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself
furtive
secretive
disillusionment
a feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed it to be
shrewd
showing sharp powers of judgment
high-minded
having strong moral principles
undue
unwarranted or inappropriate because excessive or disproportionate
surrogate
a substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office
austere
severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance
accompaniment
something that is supplementary to or complements something else, typically food
practical
concerned with the actual doing or use of something rather than with theory and ideas
crucible
a situation of severe trial, or in which different elements interact, leading to the creation of something new
portend
be a sign or warning that something momentous is likely to happen
deride
ridicule
gainfully
in a way that serves to increase wealth or resources
virtuous
having or showing high moral standards
dispositional
relating to a natural tendency toward a particular condition or action
escapade
an act involving excitement, daring, or adventure
unnerve
make someone lose courage or confidence
cunning
having skill in achieving one’s ends by deceit or evasion
reticent
not revealing one’s thoughts or feelings readily
coax
gently and persistently persuade someone to do something
contrition
feeling remorseful and penitent
sparing
economical
gravitas
dignity, seriousness, or solemnity of manner
proviso
a condition attached to an agreement
mollify
appease the anger or anxiety of someone
eschew
deliberately avoid using
bon vivant
a person who enjoys a sociable and luxurious lifestyle
unwavering
steady, resolute
exemplar
a person or thing serving as a typical example
grisly
causing horror or disgust
discordant
disagreeing
flounder
struggle or stagger helplessly
rancid
smelling or tasting unpleasant as a result of being old and stale
unassuming
not pretentious or arrogant; modest
sanctimonious
making a show of being morally superior to other people
backfire
to have a result opposite to what was planned
conjecture
an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information; form an opinion about something on the basis of incomplete information
recant
say that one no longer holds an opinion or belief
postulate
suggest or assume the existence, fact, or truth of something as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or belief
buoy
keep someone or something afloat
adage
a short statement expressing a general truth
constituent
a component part of something
chattel
an item of property other than real estate
tenuous
very weak or slight
bereft
lacking something; sad and lonely, especially through someone’s death or departure
charitable
relating to the assistance of those in need; apt to judge others leniently or favorably
denigrate
criticize unfairly; disparage
underscore
to stress; emphasize
meddling
intrusive or unwarranted interference
elitist
considered superior by others or by themselves, an in intellect, talent, power, wealth, or position in society
expound
present an idea or theory in detail
pleonasm
the use of more words than are necessary to convey meaning, either as a fault of style or for emphasis (e.g., “see with one’s eyes”)
scoundrel
a dishonest or unscrupulous person
shoddy
badly made or done
devolve
transfer or delegate to a lower power
triage
assign degrees of urgency to
beacon
a fire or light set up in a high or prominent position as a warning, signal, or celebration
creditable
deserving public acknowledgment and praise but not necessarily outstanding or successful
scores
a large number or amount of people or things
stochastic
randomly determined
infirm
not physically or mentally strong, especially through age or illness
pugnacious
eager to argue
embolism
obstruction of an artery
downplay
make something appear less important than it really is
cloistered
sheltered
bile
anger; irritability
shepherd
guide or direct in a particular direction
hedge
limit or qualify by conditions or exceptions
extol
praise enthusiastically
indigent
poor; needy
beholden
owing thanks or having a duty to someone in return for help or a service
desolate
deserted of people and in a state of dismal emptiness
visceral
relating to deep inward feelings rather than to the intellect; relating to the internal organs of the body
dignified
having a composed manner that is worthy of respect
impudent
not showing due respect for another person
conservatory
a college for the study of classical music or other arts
perilous
full of danger or risk
conspicuous
obvious to the eye or mind
ineptitude
lack of skill or ability
cathartic
providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions
distal
situated away from the center of the body
nascent
having recently come into existence
castigate
reprimand someone severely
flout
openly disregard
faction
a small organized dissenting group within a larger one, especially in politics
facile
appearing neat and comprehensive only by ignoring the true complexities of an issue
effusive
expressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner
gambit
a device, action, or opening remark, typically one entailing a degree of risk, that is calculated to gain an advantage
censure
express severe disapproval of, especially in a formal statement
indulgent
having a tendency to be overly generous to or lenient with someone
contemptible
deserving contempt; despicable
scrawl
write something in a hurried, careless way
postscript
an additional statement or action that provides further information
bandit
a robber or outlaw belonging to a gang and typically operating in an isolated or lawless area
levity
humor, especially the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in a manner lacking due respect
ethereal
extremely delicate and light in a way that seems too perfect for this world
gloat
contemplate or dwell on one’s own success or another’s misfortune with smugness
tutelage
protection of or authority over someone
ponderous
slow and clumsy because of great weight
accord
grant someone power, status, or recognition
lackluster
lacking in vitality, force, or conviction; uninspiring
withering
intended to make someone feel mortified or humiliated
sumptuous
splendid and expensive-looking
repose
a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility
incivility
rude or unsociable speech or behavior
punctuate
occur at intervals throughout (a continuing event or a place)
hibernal
characteristic of or occurring in winter
grift
engage in small-scale swindling
delineate
describe or portray something precisely
simulacrum
a representation of someone or something
blistering
expressed with great vehemence; extremely fast, forceful, or impressive
opportunist
a person who exploits circumstances to gain immediate advantage rather than being guided by consistent principles or plans
contrarian
opposing popular opinion
declamatory
vehement or impassioned in expression
zenith
the time at which something is most powerful or successful
iconoclasm
the action of attacking cherished beliefs and institutions or established values
inoculate
to introduce a microorganism into; vaccinate
reckoning
a view, opinion, or judgment
writhe
make squirming movements or contortions of the body
bigotry
unreasonable attachment to an opinion, belief, or faction; in particular, prejudice against a person or people on the basis of their membership of a particular group
decree
an official order issued by a legal authority
proliferate
increase rapidly in number
implore
beg someone earnestly to do something
oblique
not stated directly
well-nigh
almost
exodus
a mass departure of people
lenity
kindness
platitude
a remark, especially one with moral content, that has been used too often to be interesting or thoughtful
vexatious
causing annoyance
unmask
expose the true character of
trumpet
proclaim widely
goings-on
events or behavior, especially of an unusual or suspect nature
per se
by itself; intrinsically
exegesis
critical explanation or interpretation of a text
rash
displaying a lack of careful consideration of the possible consequences of an action
churlish
rude in a mean-spirited and surly way
trace
find or discover by investigation
priggish
self-righteously superior
extirpate
root out and destroy completely
barter
exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using money
parrot
repeat mechanically
shifty
appearing deceitful or evasive
insulate
protect something by interposing material that prevents the loss of heat or the intrusion of sound
recompense
make amends to someone for loss or harm suffered; compensate
encapsulate
express the essential features of something succinctly
wrangling
engagement in a long, complicated dispute or argument
peruse
read something, typically in a thorough way
milk-toast
lacking in boldness or vigor
impetus
the force that makes something happen; the force or energy with which a body moves
unwittingly
unintentionally
extrapolate
extend the application of to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue
moralize
comment on issues of right and wrong, typically with an unfounded air of superiority; reform the character of
fatuous
silly and pointless
metastasize
(of a cancer) spread to other sites in the body
annex
add as an extra or subordinate part, especially to a document
unbidden
without having been commanded or invited
prowl
move around restlessly or stealthily, especially in search of prey
stupor
a state of near-unconsciousness
segue
move without interruption from one topic, song, etc. to another
ardent
enthusiastic or passionate
dilettante
a person who cultivates an area of interest, such as the arts, without real commitment or knowledge
nullify
make legally null and void; invalidate
culpable
deserving blame
wallow
indulge in an unrestrained way
mystify
utterly bewilder or perplex
sly
having a cunning, deceitful nature
derogate
detract from
solace
comfort in a time of distress
unseemly
not proper or appropriate
unnerving
causing one to lose courage or confidence
colloquy
a conversation
nebulous
unclear, vague, or ill-defined
hasty
done with excessive urgency; hurried
laconic
using very few words
blasé
unimpressed or indifferent to something because one has experienced or seen it so often before
disclaim
refuse to acknowledge
voluble
talking fluently, readily, or incessantly
betray
unintentionally reveal; be evidence of