Vocab words page 148 chapter 5

Question 1

Allele

Answer 1

The different forms of a trait that make up a gene pair.

Question 2

Dominant

Answer 2

describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait.

Question 3

Genetic engineering

Answer 3

biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of a gene’s DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of medicine, and change how cells preform their normal function.

Question 4

Genetics

Answer 4

The study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles

Question 5

genotype

Answer 5

the genetic makeup of an organism

Question 6

heredity

Answer 6

the passing of the traits from parent to offspring.

Question 7

heterozygous

Answer 7

describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait.

Question 8

homozygous

Answer 8

describes an organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait.

Question 9

hybrid

Answer 9

an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent.

Question 10

incomplete dominance

Answer 10

production of a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous parents.

Question 11

phenotype

Answer 11

outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism as a result of its genotype.

Question 12

polygenic inheritance

Answer 12

occurs when a group of genes pairs acts together and produces a specific trait, such as human eye color skin color, or height.

Question 13

Punnett square

Answer 13

A tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine.

Question 14

recessive

Answer 14

describes a trait that is covered over or dominated by another form of that trait and seems to disappear.

Question 15

sex-linked gene

Answer 15

An allele inherited on a sex chromosome and that can cause human genetic disorders such as color blindness and hemophilia.