VOCAB WORDS Flashcards
hieratic scale
scale based on relative importance
more important a figure could mean the larger he or she is in relation to figures around them
ka
ancient egypt
supposed spiritual part of an individual human being or god, which survived (with soul) after deal and could reside in a statue of the person
spirt of life force of an individual that lives on after death
kouros
archaic greek statue of a young man
often standing and naked
represented the idea of youth
scholar-officials (or literati)
elite class of imperial china
well educated people interested in literature
edict of milan
constantine issues this edict
established religious toleration for Christianity within the roman empire
skeuomorph
object or feature which imitates the design of a similar artifact made from another material
can be made specifically to resemble another figure to make it look more familiar
iwalewa
character is beauty or beauty within
borrowed from the language of the yoruba
effigy
life size sculptural representation of a specific person or prototypical figure
sculpture or model of a person
tenochtitlan
capital of the aztec empire/city
Mexica founded this after leaving their homeland of Aztlan at the direction of their god Huitzilopochtli
huitzilopochtli
Templo Mayer in Tenochtitlan
Huitzilopochtli temple at the top of this
god of war, rain, agriculture
each had a shrine at the top of the pyramid with separate staircases
this temple dominated compared to all others
coatlicue
aztec mother goddess
goddess of childbirth, fertility, life, and death
guiding souls through the process of rebirth
represented as a woman wearing a skirt of snakes and a nacklace made of human heats hands and skulls
kiva
a chamber, built wholly or partly underground
venue for mainly rituals or religious ceremonies, but can also be used for casual gatherings or political meetings
sipapu
inside a kiva
hole in the floor of the pueblo indian kiva
can sometimes symbolize a hole in which humans climbed into the world
mimbres
(mimbres culture)
generally hand coiled bowls that were smoothed and shaped
certain type of pottery
bowls
romanesque
“in the Roman manner”
developed in contrast with the Eastern Byzantine empire
monasteries persist as centers of learning
related to a style of architecture which prevailed europe c. 900-1200 and could date back to end of roman empire
pilgrimage
context for interactions between pilgrims or people involved in pilgrimage and the art they encountered
devotional practice consisting of a journey taken towards a destination of signifgance
trumeau
vertical post dividing a large doorway and supporting lintel and tymoanum
mirror having a painted or carved panel above or below the glass in the same frame
section of wall or a pillar between two openings
reliquary
container for holy relics
often in form of caskets, but could be common for them to be shaped like statues or body parts
pointed arch
in the romanesque time period
in cathedrals
has a pointed crown with two curving sides meet at a sharp angle at the top of the arch
ribbed vault
arch feature for covering a wide space (church nave) composed or crossed or diagonal arched ribs
laid to form a ceiling or roof by being in arched form
flying buttress
arch that extends out from a tall stone wall
popular during the gothic period
buttress slanting from a separate pier, typically forming an arch with the wall it supports
rose window
circular window with tracery radiating in a form suggesting a rose
large circular stained glass windows found in gothic churches
sutton hoo
excavation
c.1936
site of two anglo-saxon cemeteries
important because provides one of the richest sources of archaeological evidence in englands history
scriptorium
monastic workshops for manuscript production
room set apart for writing, especially in a monastery where manuscripts were copied
carpet page
page in an illuminated manuscript containing intricate or patterned designs
typically placed at the beginning of a gospel book
colophon
last page of text, where monk may have signed his work, place for additional inscriptions/additions
parchment
general term for animal skin prepared for writing
judaism
religion
monotheistic (one God who made a covenant with Abraham)
emphasis on religious learning through study of Torah
Torah outlines laws for Jewish people to follow and first five books of the Tanakh
synagogue
community house of worship that serves as a place for religious instruction
judaism/ jewish
mosaic
decoration of a surface with designs made up of a closely set
usually colored and have small pieces of material in it
illuminated manuscript
manuscript embellished with imagery and/or decoration
icon
Icon of St. Michael the Archangel (example)
religious painting
iconoclasm
timeline for this
726-730 CE- emperor leo calls for this
787 CE- empress calls for end
813 CE- emperor leo reinstitutes second phase
843 CE= reinstates importance of the image (end of it)
refers to as image breaking and refers to a recurring historical impulse to break or destroy images for religious/political reasons
mandorla
almond shaped enclosure/light which is depicted around christ or the virgin mary
