VOCAB: Urinary Elimination

Question 1

bladder no longer controlled by the brain because of injury or disease; void by reflex only

Answer 1

autonomic bladder

Question 2

condition that occurs when bacteria enter the bladder during catheterization, or when organisms migrate up the catheter lumen or the urethra into the bladder; bacteria in the urine

Answer 2

bacteriuria

Question 3

having self-control over urination

Answer 3

continent

Question 4

surgical alternative that uses a section of the intestine to create an internal reservoir that holds urine, with the creation of a catheterizable stoma

Answer 4

continent urinary diversion (CUD)

Question 5

a type of incontinent cutaneous urinary diversion in which the ureters are directed through the abdominal wall and attached to an opening in the skin

Answer 5

cutaneous ureterostomy

Question 6

involuntary urination; most often used to refer to a child who involuntarily urinates during the night

Answer 6

enuresis

Question 7

state in which a person experiences an involuntary, unpredictable passage of urine

Answer 7

functional incontinence

Question 8

blood in the urine; if present in large enough quantities, urine may be bright red or reddish brown

Answer 8

hematuria

Question 9

urinary diversion in which the ureters are connected to the ileum with a stoma created on the abdominal wall

Answer 9

ileal conduit

Question 10

moisture-associated skin breakdown caused by prolonged contact of the skin with urine or feces

Answer 10

incontinence-associated dermatitis

Question 11

catheter that remains in place for continuous urine drainage; synonym for Foley catheter

Answer 11

indwelling urethral catheter

Question 12

straight catheter used to drain the bladder for short periods (5 to 10 minutes)

Answer 12

intermittent urethral catheter

Question 13

process of emptying the bladder; urination; voiding

Answer 13

micturition

Question 14

symptoms of urge and stress incontinence are present, although one type may predominate

Answer 14

mixed incontinence

Question 15

capable of causing kidney damage

Answer 15

nephrotoxic

Question 16

excessive urination during the night; getting up to void at night, reflecting increased renal perfusion with fluid shifts in the supine position when a person has gravity-dependent edema related to heart failure; other medical conditions, including urinary tract infection, increase the need to get up and void

Answer 16

nocturia

Question 17

involuntary loss of urine associated with overdistention and overflow of the bladder

Answer 17

overflow incontinence

Question 18

urine that remains in the bladder after the act of micturition; a synonym for residual urine

Answer 18

postvoid residual (PVR)

Question 19

emptying of the bladder without the sensation of the need to void

Answer 19

reflex incontinence

Question 20

a characteristic of urine that can be determined with manufactured plastic strips or an instrument called a urinometer or hydrometer

Answer 20

specific gravity

Question 21

state in which the person experiences a loss of urine of less than 50 mL that occurs with increased abdominal pressure

Answer 21

stress incontinence

Question 22

catheter inserted into the bladder through a small abdominal incision above the pubic area

Answer 22

suprapubic catheter

Question 23

continuous and unpredictable loss of urine, resulting from surgery, trauma, or physical malformation

Answer 23

total incontinence

Question 24

occurrence that appears suddenly and lasts for 6 months or less and usually is caused by treatable factors, such as confusion secondary to acute illness, infection, and as a result of medical treatment, such as the use of diuretics or intravenous fluid administration

Answer 24

transient incontinence

Question 25

state in which a person experiences involuntary passage of urine that occurs soon after a strong sense of urgency to void

Answer 25

urge incontinence

Question 26

surgical creation of an alternate route for excretion of urine

Answer 26

urinary diversion

Question 27

any involuntary loss of urine

Answer 27

urinary incontinence

Question 28

inability to void although urine is produced by the kidneys and enters the bladder; excessive storage of urine in the bladder

Answer 28

urinary retention

Question 29

soft, pliable sheath made of silicone material that is applied externally to the penis and directs urine away from the body; also known as external condom catheter

Answer 29

urinary sheath (external condom catheter)

Question 30

process of emptying the bladder; micturition; voiding

Answer 30

urination

Question 31

waste product excreted by the kidneys

Answer 31

urine

Question 32

the process of increasing the acid level; used to treat bladder infections, making the bladder an undesirable place for bacteria

Answer 32

acidification

Question 33

agents that block muscle spasm associated with irritation or neurological stimulation

Answer 33

antispasmodics

Question 34

enlargement of the prostate gland, associated with age and inflammation; also called benign prostatic hypertrophy

Answer 34

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Question 35

inflammation of the bladder caused by infection or irritation

Answer 35

cystitis

Question 36

painful urination

Answer 36

dysuria

Question 37

chronic inflammation of the interstitial connective tissue of the bladder; may extend into deeper tissue

Answer 37

interstitial cystitis

Question 38

inflammation of the pelves of the kidney, frequently caused by backward flow problems or by bacteria ascending the ureter

Answer 38

pyelonephritis

Question 39

urinary frequency

Answer 39

the need to void often; usually seen in response to irritation of the bladder, age, and inflammation

Question 40

alkalosis

Answer 40

state of not having enough acid to maintain normal homeostatic processes